جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "self-differentiation" در نشریات گروه "علوم اجتماعی"

The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of self-differentiation and the reality therapy training on the intimacy and adaptation of the married women .The research method was semi-experimental using a pre-test,post-test and follow up design with a control group.The community of society was all married women whose terms of marriage were under 5 years and their age were between 20 and 40 years in Tabriz city.A sample of 45 married women was selected available method and randomly assigned to two groups of experiments, a group for the treatment of reality therapy and a group for self-differentiation training (each group was 15) and a control group (15 people). To collect the data the pre-test and post-test stages, Marital intimacy questionnaire (Bagarozzi, 2001) and adaptation questionnaire (Spanier,1976) were used. The data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance. The result showed that the self-differentiation and the reality therapy training is effective on the intimacy and adaptation of the married women . Also, based on the result, there is no significant difference between the efficacy of self-differentiation and the reality therapy on the intimacy and adaptation of the married women. According to the results of the study, it can be stated that for those who have little intimacy and compatibility, use self-differentiation and reality therapy as a treatment.

Self-differentiation is a contextual phenomenon and dependent on environmental and social conditions that is formed and experienced in a dynamic process under the influence of various conditions. This qualitative study aimed to explore the formation process of self-differentiation in families using the grounded theory approach (systematic type). The population included married people aged 30 to 45 living with their own families in the city of Tabriz, and 17 of them were selected by the judgmental sampling until theoretical saturation was reached through semi-structured interviews. The data analysis was done simultaneously with the data collection using the theoretical approach (during three stages: open coding, axial coding, and selective coding). Finally, 461 initial codes were extracted and categorized into 117 subcategories and 18 categories, which were classified into six sections of the paradigmatic model, resulting in the development of a middle-range theory. The findings suggested that progress motivation and challenging conditions lead people to intellectual independence, identity seeking, and social dignity, which are the central phenomena of the formation process of self-differentiation. Additionally, if people are influenced by intermediary conditions, such as gaining different experiences in life, self-determining characteristics, communication with successful models, social and cultural structures, contexts, and events in the family, as well as the cooperative/supportive atmosphere of the family, they will carry out strategies, like responsible, cooperative, and considered behaviors, and will try to control emotions, which these strategies lead to success and progress in life, satisfaction, self-reliance, and the improvement of the quality of relationships.

Life satisfaction is one of the most important factors of well-being and mental health, which positive psychology has paid special attention to in recent decades. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the mediating role of self-differentiation and forgiveness in the relationship between psychological capital and life satisfaction in married women. This research was descriptive and correlational. Its statistical population included 798 married women in Tehran city, who were selected by multi-stage sampling method and used Diener's (1985) life satisfaction questionnaires, Luthans and Morgan's (2007) psychological capitals, Drake's individual differentiation (2011) and interpersonal forgiveness answered by Ehtshamzadeh et al. (2011). Structural equation method and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. The results showed that psychological capital, self-differentiation and interpersonal forgiveness directly had a significant effect on life satisfaction (P < 0.05). In addition, these psychological capitals had an effect on life satisfaction indirectly and through the mediation of interpersonal forgiveness and self- differentiation (P < 0.05). The findings of this study can be used to create a solution to reduce the destructive effects of not being satisfied with life in married women.

The aim of this study will be to investigate canonical correlation analysis of the relationship between self-differentiation and attachment behavior in couple relationships with sensation seeking in women with tendency to marital infidelity. The quantitative- correlation method was used. The statistical population of the present study was all married women who referred to counseling and psychological centers in Tehran city in year 1401. In this study, according Convenience sampling method, 200 people were selected as samples and they were asked to fill in attitudes toward infidelity scale, sensation seeking scale, self-differentiation inventory short form and brief accessibility, responsiveness, and engagement scale of Sandberg. The collected data was analyzed using Canonical correlation. Findings showed that there was significant relationship between self-differentiation and attachment behavior in couple relationships with sensation seeking (P<0/01). The results Canonical correlation showed that common variance of self-differentiation and attachment behavior in couple relationships with sensation seeking was 57/6%. According to the findings of this research, psychologists and family counselors can learn about variables predicting sensation seeking, such as self-differentiation and attachment behavior in spouses' marital relationships, and by strengthening them, engage in marital counseling.

This research was conducted with the aim of predicting self-differentiation based on the dimensions of personality and religiosity in married people of Qom city in 1401. The method of the current research was a correlational description. First, the questionnaires were provided to the statistical community in the virtual space on the Telegram and Eitaa platforms, and 364 people answered the questionnaires with available sampling. In order to carry out the current research, three standard questionnaires of Skorn and Friedlander's self-differentiation (DSI), short-form NEO-FFI (NEO-FFI) by McCree and Costa, and Gluck and Stark's religiosity questionnaire (CRS) were used. Data analysis was done by multiple regression method. The findings showed that there is a significant relationship between self-differentiation with all personality dimensions, and between self-differentiation with the total religiosity score and emotional, consequential and ritual subscales. Regression analysis showed that all personality dimensions except openness to experience and the total score of religiosity and belief, emotional and consequence subscales can predict their differentiation.

This Paper was implemented to design the SEM of parents' personality traits with the mediation of emotional differentiation and the effect of these two components on the risk-taking of their teenage children.

Method and Materials: 

The current Paper is descriptive with structural equation modeling in terms of data collection method, and it is designed to determine the relationship between parents' personality traits and their teenagers' risk-taking through the mediation of parents' levels of differentiation. The descriptive statistical method was correlation and in the inferential statistics section of regression and structural equation analysis method. The statistical population of the research was 16-19-year-old students studying at the second secondary level in Marivan City, and random cluster sampling was used. Research tools including the revised Skowron Self-Differentiation Questionnaire (Skowron, 1998), the Short Form Neo Personality Questionnaire (Costa & McCrae, 1992), and the Mohammad Khani Risk Taking Questionnaire 1388 (IARS) were used to collect information related to adolescent risk-taking.

The personality characteristics of parents have an effect on risk-taking by their teenagers (t=5.42, β=0.133) and (P<0.05). The negative relationship between parents' self-differentiation and adolescents' risk-taking is also significant (t=3.99, β=-0.038) and (P<0.05). The relationship between parents' personality traits and their adolescents' risk-taking through the mediating of parents' self-differentiation Factor was also estimated to be significant with t and beta coefficients (β=-0.294, t=4.70) and at the level (P<0.05).

According to the Findings there is a positive relationship between parental neuroticism and risk-taking in teenagers, and a significant negative relationship between parents' agreeableness and conscientiousness and teenagers' risk-taking. Also, the more emotional differentiation parents have, the less risky their teenagers are.

The present study was conducted to predict problem-solving styles based on the dimensions of self-differentiation in substance-dependent individuals.

This research was of descriptive-correlational type, and its statistical population included substance-dependent males and females who referred to the addiction treatment centers in the city of Arak in 2020. The study sample consisted of 270 people selected by convenience sampling method. The research tool was the self-differentiation questionnaire and the problem-solving Strategies scale. The data were analyzed with Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis.

The results showed that the dimensions of self-differentiation were significantly related to the problem-solving styles in substance-dependent individuals. Also, regression analysis indicated that mixing with others could predict creativity styles and self-confidence. In addition, emotional breakdown explained approach and helplessness styles. In addition, the emotional reaction in the second step could predict creativity and approach styles. Emotional reaction also predicted the restraint style, but the position of the self could not predict any of the problem-solving styles.

According to these findings, the level of self-differentiation plays a significant role in predicting ways of coping with problems and events of daily life in substance-dependent individuals. For this reason, it is necessary to include measures to improve the level of differentiation in addiction prevention programs for children and adolescents, as well as in the treatment of substance-dependent individuals.

The present study was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of schema therapy on ambivalence in emotional expression, self-differentiation, subjectivity and sensitivity to rejection in patients with borderline personality disorder in Shiraz city in 1401.

The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with control and follow-up groups. The statistical population of the research was made up of all people with borderline personality disorder who referred to counseling centers in Shiraz, and among them, 50 people were randomly selected in the experimental group (25 people in each group) and the control group ( 25 people) were appointed. The experimental group was trained in 12 sessions of 60 minutes using schema therapy, and the control group remained on the waiting list. The tools used in this research include borderline personality questionnaire (Claridge and Brooks, 1984), ambivalence in emotional expression (King and Emmons, 1990), self-differentiation (Skorn and Friedlander, 1998), mentalization (Fonagy, 1991) and sensitivity to rejection. (Downey and Feldman, 1996).

The analysis of the information obtained from the implementation of the questionnaire was done in two descriptive and inferential sections (variance analysis with repeated measurements). The results showed that schema therapy training has an effect on the components of ambivalence in emotional expression (positive emotion expression, intimacy expression and negative emotion expression) of people with borderline personality disorder. Schema therapy training has an effect on self-differentiation and its components (emotional reactivity, my place, lack of emotional escape and integration with others) in people with borderline personality disorder. Schema therapy training has an effect on the mentalization of people with borderline personality disorder. The results showed that schema therapy training has an effect on sensitivity to rejection in people with borderline personality disorder. In this way, this treatment has been able to increase self-differentiation and mentalization of patients with borderline personality disorder and reduce negative emotional expression and sensitivity to rejection.

According to the findings of the present study, schema therapy can be suggested as an effective method to increase self-differentiation and mentalization and reduce negative emotional expression and sensitivity to rejection in patients with borderline personality disorder.

the purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of Self-Differentiation between the Self-Esteem and Body image.

this is a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population of the present study includes all Married Women living in Tehran in 2020. That 211 of them were selected by available sampling method and they completed the Body Image Scale, Self-Esteem Scale and Self-Differentiation Questionnaire. the data were analyzed by Pearson Correlation and Path Analysis.

the results showed that there is a significant relationship between Body Image, Self-Differentiation and Self-Esteem (p<0.05), and Self-Differentiation in the relationship between Self-Esteem and Body Image, play a mediating role.

it can be concluded that Self-Differentiation as a mediator can modify the relationship between Self-Esteem and Body Image. Therefore, the emphasis on Self-Differentiation training can be considered in order to reduce the effects of negative Body Image. The results are discussed.

One of the concepts that has been considered by researchers in preventing all kinds of injuries and malfunctions such as addiction and can help the literature related to the field of addiction is the degree of its differentiation. Understanding differentiation informs us of how individuals shape their behavior within the larger social context. The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between their levels of differentiation and problem solving styles in drug addicts.

The research was descriptive-correlational and was conducted among those addicts in Kashan who had referred to addiction treatment centers in this city in 1400. Among them, 270 eligible subjects were selected by available sampling method and were asked to complete the Scorne differentiation questionnaires and Cassidy and Lang problem solving methods.

Analysis of data with Pearson correlation coefficient revealed that there is a significant relationship between their levels of differentiation and problem solving methods in addicts. This relationship was positive with constructive and efficient problem solving styles and inverse with non-constructive and inefficient styles.

The findings indicate that the level of differentiation is low in most addicts; For this reason, they are more likely to use inefficient methods of problem solving in the face of problems and events in their daily lives; Therefore, it is necessary to provide training to improve their level of differentiation in addiction prevention programs for children and adolescents, as well as in addiction treatment programs. This has a great impact on the use of effective and efficient methods of problem solving in the face of life problems and problems, and as a result, they will resort to drugs less to adapt to life problems and events.

During the youth period, many problems arise in social life that social support can be one of the coping tools in these situations, but the level of differentiation and cognitive flexibility can play an important role in this. The amount of perceived social support was predicted based on students' self-differentiation and cognitive flexibility. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study was female graduate students of Azad University, South Tehran Branch in 2020, whose number was 2,000. The sample size of the study was 322 according to Morgan's table. After distributing the questionnaire due to the lack of cooperation of several students, 160 questionnaires were completed and analyzed correctly. And random cluster sampling method was selected. Based on this, the research tool was Zimet, Dahlem, Zimet, and Farley (1988) Social Support Questionnaire, Skorn and Fried Lander (1988) Differentiation Questionnaire, Dennis and Vanderwall's Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire (2010). Data analysis was calculated by the multivariate regression method. Findings showed that my position, integration with others, cognitive flexibility can predict social support, and the variables of emotional responsiveness, emotional escape, differentiation, perception of controllability, perception of behavior justification, perception of different ability options They did not anticipate social support. Integration with others was also identified as the strongest predictor of social support.

One of the problems that families are involved with is the experience of violence, especially Emotional Abuse. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of Self-Differentiation between the components of Co-Dependency and Emotional Abuse components. This is a Descriptive Correlational study. The Statistical Population of the present study was all married female students of the Shahid Beheshti University of Tehran in 2018. That 250 of them were selected by available sampling method and they completed the Emotional Abuse Scale, Holyoake Co-Dependency Scale and Self-Differentiation Questionnaire. the data were analyzed by Pearson Correlation and Path Analysis. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between all components of Co-Dependency, Self-Differentiation and all components of Emotional Abuse (p < 0.05), as well as Self-Differentiation in the relationship between all components of Co-Dependency with all components of Emotional Abuse, except the Emotional Reactivity component, play a mediating role. Self-Differentiation as a mediator can modify the relationship between Co-Dependency with Emotional Abuse. Therefore, the emphasis on Self-Differentiation training can be considered in order to reduces the effects of Co-Dependency and Emotional Abuse.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Meta-Emotion on self-differentiation through studentschr('39') self-compassion mediation.

The cross-sectional research method was correlational. The statistical population of this study consisted of all high school students in Tehran in the academic year 2019- 20, from which 420 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. The research instruments were: meta-emotion Questionnaire (Mittmansgraber et al., 2009), Self-Differentiation (Skorn and Friedlander, 1998) and Self-Compassion Questionnaire (Nef, 2003). SPSS-V23 and Lisrel-V8.8 software were used to analyze the data. The data were also analyzed using structural equation analysis.

The results showed that meta-emotion had a positive and significant effect on students chr('39')own differentiation. Also, the results showed that differentiation has a positive effect on studentschr('39') self-efficacy.

Based on the results of meta-emotion research, it has an effect on studentschr('39') self-differentiation through self-help mediation.

The aim of this study was to assess the structural equation modeling of the relationship of emotion seeking with addiction potential with the mediation of self-differentiation and cognitive emotion regulation among male addicts under treatment in Sari.

A correlational research design based on Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method was used for the conduct of this study. The statistical population of this research included all male addicts in the city of Sari that amounted to a number of 500 addicts and a total of 350 sample units were obtained via purposive sampling method. To measure the variables, Differentiation of Self Inventory (DSI), Emotion Cognitive Regulation Questionnaire, Addiction Potential Scale, and Emotion Seeking Scale were used.

In general, significant correlations were found between the research variables and the research model was approved were the total of 17% of addiction potential variable was explained by the research variables.

The current findings have positive implications in the intervention centers of addiction