جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « character » در نشریات گروه « روانشناسی »

The present research aimed to investigate the mediation role of family function in the relationship of personality dimensions of temperament and character with adolescents internalized and externalized problems. The current research method was correlational studies. The statistical population consisted of all male and female students of the second grade of high school in Andimshek city, Iran, during 2020-2021 academic year, out of which 326 people (165 girls and 161 boys) were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. To collect data, the youth self-report scale (Achenbach and Rescorella), the temperament and character inventory (Cloninger et al.), and the family assessment device (Epstein et al.) were used. Structural equation methods were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that the effect of temperament and character on internalized and externalized problems were confirmed through family function. It can be concluded that the family function played a mediation role in relationship to the temperament and character and internalized and externalized problems of adolescents, so it is recommended that psychologists, through training and interventions, improve family function by moderating personality dimensions to prevent, reduce, and improve the adolescents' internalized/externalized problems.

It seems that one of the important factors affecting the dark dimensions of personality is brain-behavioral systems and dimensions of temperament and character, so the purpose of the present study is the relationship between brain-behavioral systems and temperament and character with dark dimensions of personality in students.

The design of this research was a correlation method in terms of applied purpose and in terms of controlling variables. The statistical population of the study was all male and female students of national, free and non-profit universities of Tabriz in the academic year 2021. From this population, 450 people were selected by cluster random sampling and studied. The questionnaire of dark personality traits, brain-behavioral systems and temperament was used to collect data. Data has been analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation methods.

The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between behavioral activation system and dark dimensions of personality. There is also a significant negative relationship between behavioral deterrence system and war and escape with the dark dimensions of personality. On the other hand, innovation, self-avoidance, reward of dependence and self-escape with the dark dimensions of personality have a positive relationship and there is a negative and significant relationship between perseverance, self-direction and cooperation with the dark dimensions of personality. On the other hand, the results of path analysis showed that the variables of behavioral activation system and behavioral inhibition play a mediating role between temperament and character with dark personality traits.

The results of this research show that paying attention to the variables of behavioral brain systems and temperament and character play an important role in the dark dimensions of personality.

Foreign travel writers of the Safavid and Qajar periods, while describing the Iranian society, expressed the characteristics and structure of the army in Iran, as well as the characteristics of the Iranian soldiers and compared them with the military forces of other countries. Investigating the characteristics of Iranian soldiers as one of the social elements and trade groups in Iranian society and comparing it with other societies can lead to a more accurate description of the identity of Iranian society. In this research, by adopting a descriptive and analytical approach, using historical and anthropological sources, how to describe the characteristics of Iranian military forces from the point of view of foreign travel writers has been investigated and analyzed. The findings of the research show that although some of the travelogues mention the weakness of the army system in Iran in general, but in most of the travelogues, the characteristics of Iran's soldiers and military forces have been praised by tourists and in Sometimes Iranian soldiers are presented as an equal and even superior element compared to the soldiers of European countries. From the point of view of foreign tourists, responsibility and hard work and perseverance, courage and skill, smart and capable and trainable, religiousness and having religious ties and friendship and tolerance with people are among the most prominent and important characteristics of Iranian soldiers. Based on the results of this research, we can get a relatively clear picture of the character and identity of the Iranian society.

The current research was intended to examine the woman character from the Qur’an point of view compared to the feminism theories. The statistical universe of the research included the Qur’an point of view and the feminism theories. The sample enfolded the text of the Quran and the feminism texts considering the woman character. The conducted method of the research was descriptive analytical. The data was collected via library method. Finally, the data was analyzed. The results indicated that character is one of the main topics in the field of psychology; and many psychologists such as Jung, Frankel and Allport consider having a religious value system as an important part of mental health. Psychologists have often paid attention to the role of value from the perspective of identifying and formation of the individuals’ character. The character of a woman in the Holy Qur'an is a comprehensive image that the religion of Islam had presented in its descriptions, values ​​and rights of the character of a Muslim woman. The status of women in the Qur'an is such that a chapter(surah) of the Qur'an is called "Nisaa" (women). And in other chapters of the Qur'an, there are issues related to the rights and dignity of women. In Islamic culture, according to the Qur'an, the status and position of men and women is the same. Feminists claimed complete and uniform equality and far from any difference in the rights of all human beings, both men and women. Islam does not approve any of the feminist branches and views. Today, many women have realized that the goal of feminism was to create a false belief in women to always understand discrimination from any difference. In religious texts, the doctrine of equality has no place, and religious literature in defense of women is proportional literature.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality traits Temperament and Character with the professional ethics of hospital staff with the mediating role of defense mechanisms. The method of research was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population consisted of all 214 employees of Al-Jalil Hospital in Aq Qala in 2022. According to the target population, 214 people were selected by the whole number method. In this study, the Professional Ethics Questionnaire (PEQ) of Armito (2012), the Defense Mechanisms Questionnaire (DSQ) of Anders  (1993), and the personality traits of Temperament and Character Questionnaire (TCI) of Cloninger (1994) were used. Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation method and path analysis with SPSS 18 and Amos 23 software. There is a significant negative correlation between underdeveloped mechanisms and psychosocial mechanisms with professional ethics (P<0.01). There is a significant positive correlation between the developed mechanisms, temperament, and character with professional ethics (P<0.01). Psychological defense mechanisms also mediate the relationship between personality traits of Temperament and Character with professional ethics (P<0.01). The research model had a good fit and also, and the value of the general explanation coefficient in direct and indirect paths by personality traits of Temperament and Character and psychological defense mechanisms on professional ethics was equal to R2=0.51. In general, by increasing the personality traits of Temperament and Character, we can see the optimal use of adaptive defense mechanisms in different situations, which can increase the likelihood of behaviors based on professional ethics in hospital staff.

The study of micro-cultures in the field of drug use, compared to other studies, not only in Iran, but also in other countries, has given a small contribution to the studies. Despite the existence of this research gap resulting from the study of personality traits about micro-cultures and norms that encourage substance consumption.

The purpose of this research was to compare Cloninger's personality traits in drug addicts in different cultures.

This research was descriptive-comparative. The population studied in this research included men aged 20 to 40 who use drugs from four subcultures: Gilak, Talesh, Kurd, and others (Persia). 300 of them were selected by purposeful sampling. All of them completed the personality traits questionnaire of Cloninger et al. (1993). Finally, descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) were used to describe the data.

The results showed that there is no significant difference in personality traits between any of the different cultures (P>0.05). This means that it can be said that addicts of different ethnicities had similar personality traits.

Finally, based on the results of the present study, it can be said that substance-dependent people in different cultures in the present study had similar personality characteristics, and therefore, knowledge of these results can be important for personality psychologists, sociologists, and other professionals.

The present research aimed to predict the dark tetrad personality traits based on emotional schemas and temperament and character in students. This study was a cross-sectional type of correlation. The research population was the students of the Islamic Azad University of Urmia branch in the academic years of 2019-20 with a number of 17020 people, which the sample size based on Krejcie and Morgan table estimated 375 people who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. Research data were collected by the emotional schemas scale II (ESS-II; Leahy, 2012), temperament and character questionnaire (TCQ; Cloninger, 1994), and dark tetrad personality traits scale (DTPTS; Plouffe et al., 2017) and analyzed by multiple regression with entering model method in SPSS software version 22. The findings showed that the schemas of lack of understanding, guilt, simplification, lack of control, numbness, rejection, rumination and shame and temperaments of innovations, dependent reward, and perseverance had a positive and significant relationship with dark tetrad personality traits in students and the schemas of the lake of evaluation, rationality and weak expression and characters of cooperation, self-direction and self-transgression had a negative and significant relationship with their dark tetrad personality traits (P<0.01). Also, emotional schemas and temperament, and character significantly could explain 24.6 percent of changes in dark tetrad personality traits in students (P<0.001). According to the results of the present research, reducing the dark tetrad personality traits in students can provide the basis for modifying the related emotional schemas and temperament, and character.

The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of short version of temperament and character inventory in University student. This descriptive study was a survey type. The statistical population of the study included all undergraduate students of Payame Noor University of Guilan in the academic year 1396-97, that 350 students (217 females and 133 males) were selected by multi-stage clustering sampling. The Temperament and Character Inventory (Adan & et al, 2009) and the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1989) was used for collecting the data. The coefficients obtained for the subscales through Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability showed the appropriate reliability of this instrument. Convergent validity were examined by correlating with NEO-Five Factor Inventory that results were significant. Also, based on the results of confirmatory factor analysis, The seven factors proposed in the Cloninger's model (innovation, harm avoidance, reward reward, perseverance, perseverance, self-direction, cooperation, self-avoidance) have a good fit. According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that the short version of TCI has a good reliability and validity in Iranian samples and it is suitable for use in research and clinical fields.

Prosociality has been linked with a variety of positive psychosocial indices. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of temperament and character dimensions and perceived social support in the prosociality of college students.

The present research was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population of the study consisted of all students of Payame Noor University of Rasht city in the academic year of 2019-2020. 220 students were selected by using a random sampling method. Data were analyzed by correlation coefficient and regression analysis. The participants completed the items of Prosocial Personality Scale (Penner, 2002), Temperament and Character Inventory (Adan, Serra-Grabulosa, Caci, &  Natale, 2009) and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (Zimet, Dahlem, Zimet & Farley, 1988).

Results showed that prosociality has a significant positive correlation with reward dependence, self-directiveness, co-operativeness, self-transcendence and perceived social support and it has a significant negative correlation with harm avoidance and novelty seeking (p<0.01).  Also, stepwise regression analysis showed that co-operativeness 0.33, perceived social support 0.11 and self-directiveness 0.02 significantly predict variance of prosociality in college students (p<0.01).

Considering the role of temperament and character dimensions and perceived social support on Prosociality in College Students, the results of this study have important implications for these individuals.

Migraine is a profoundly debilitating condition that psychological variables can affect it. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of coping styles and perceived social support in the relationship between temperament and character dimensions and psychological well-being in people with migraine.

This study was a correlational study. The statistical population included all people with migraine in Rasht in 1398 who referred to a neurologist. The sample consisted of 432 people (276 female and 156 male) who were selected by available sampling method. Instruments used in this study included the temperament and character inventory (TCI-56), psychological well-being scale (PWB), coping responses inventory (CRI), and multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS).

Path analysis showed that the psychological well-being in people with migraine is influenced by temperament and character dimensions, coping styles and perceived social support. Also, the mediating role of coping styles and perceived social support in the relationship between temperament and character dimensions and psychological well-being was confirmed. To evaluate the model, CFI (0.91), GFI (0.93), NFI (0.91), and RMSEA (0.07) indices were used and the proposed model fit well with the data.

Psychological factors play a role in the psychological well-being of people with migraines. Therefore, identifying these variables could have important implications for psychological migraine treatments.

This study examined the role of Cloninger temperament and character in the prediction of students' internet addiction.

statistical population of this study was the students of Tabriz University. 320 students were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. Cloninger's questionnaire of temperament and character and Young internet addiction scale were used in order to assess variables. The data analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression.

Results indicated that there is a meaningful correlation between temperament and character and internet addiction. Also, the results of regression indicated that the factor of novelty-seeking can predict internet addiction positively and meaningfully. Also, the factors of reward-dependence, cooperativeness, and self-directedness can predict internet addiction negatively.

the results of this study can be advantageous in clarifying the underlying causes of internet addiction and therefore can have useful implications in the prevention of internet addiction. By recognizing the personality profile of students prone to internet addiction, useful training can prevent maladaptive use of the internet.

The present study investigates the role of the temperament and character traits, basic psychological needs and cognitive flexibility in psychological hardiness of autistic children's mothers in Ahvaz city. The method was descriptive-correctional. The statistical population were included of all mothers of children with autistic dysfunction in Ahvaz. A sample of 130 mothers were selected. The instruments were Ahwaz Hardiness Inventory, Temperament and Character Inventory, and basic psychological needs scale and Cognitive Flexibility Inventory. Data were analyzed by multiple regression and Pearson correlation coefficient. The results showed that there is significant and negative relation between harm avoidance and reward-dependence on hardiness and positive and significant relationship between other dimensions of temperament and character, basic psychological needs and psychological flexibility with psychological hardiness. The results showed that the temperament and character, novelty-seeking and self-transcendence predicted hardiness. Among the subscales, basic psychological needs predicted hardiness. From the cognitive flexibility components, the perception of the alternative solutions had the ability to predict firmness. Therefore, improving the communication, novelty-seeking and self-transcendence, competency and perception of the alternative solutions may enhance the psychological hardiness of mothers of children with autism and it may improve their welfare.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of brain/behavioral systems and temperament and character in predicting psychopathy in students with conduct disorder. This study was correlational and the sample consisted of 600 high school students during the 2016-2017 academic year who were enrolled in high schools in Ardabil and were selected through cluster random sampling. Then, among these participants, 105 students who had a cut-off point on the conduct disorder scale of more than 70 were selected. Finally, the data of 97 participants who had completely answered the questionnaires were entered into SPSS, Ver. 21. To collect data, questionnaires of Conduct Disorder Questionnaire developed by Shahrivari et al., Psychopathy of Lynam et al., Brain/Behavioral Systems Inventory of White and Carver, and the Temperament and Character Inventory of Cloninger were used. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that the psychopathy has positive correlation with components of novelty seeking and BAS (p < .01) but it has negative correlation with components of harm avoidance, self-directiveness, cooperativeness and BIS (p < .01). The results of regression showed that novelty seeking, temperament, and BAS can predict the psychopathy in students with conduct disorder. It seems that in students with conduct disorder symptoms, the more active the activation system is, the more those cases are looking for innovation and risk.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between temperament and Character personality traits and worry with social anxiety in adolescents. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of this research includes all 9th-grade girls in Tehran. The sample consisted of 302 female students who were selected through multi-stage random sampling. The instruments used in this study were Inventory Character and Temperament, Pennsylvania Worry Questionnaire, and Leibowitz Social Anxiety Scale. SPSS-22 software was used for data analysis. The findings  demonstrated that  there was a significant correlation between temperament personality traits (novelty seeking, r = -0.51; harm avoidance; r = 0.55; reward dependence; r = -.045 ; persistence,r = -0.59) and Social anxiety (p <0.05). There was a significant relationship between the Character personality traits (self-directiveness, r = -0.43; r, co-operativeness, r = -0.12; self-transcendence, r = -0.13) and social anxiety and worry (r = 0.55) (p <0.05). In summary, it can be concluded that temperament and Character personality traits and worry could play an important role in social anxiety.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mediation in the components of temperament, character and individual beliefs the relationship between family-social factors and substances use. The research method was descriptive-correlational. All the 18-35 year-old substance consumer men in Qom who were coming to camps and Qom addiction centers in 1396 and 1397, were the statistical population. A sample of 320 people was selected by targeted method. The research tools included High Risk Behaviors Questionnaire for Adults by Mohammad khani, the Causes of substances abuse Tendency Scale by Mohammadi et al., Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory and Luthans Psychosocial Capital Questionnaire. The proposed model was evaluated based on Amos. The model was well suited for fitting goodness indicators. The family had indirect effects on substances use through positive attitude towards substances, self-directiveness and Self-Transcedenc. Friends had indirect effects on substances use through positive attitudes toward substances, harm avoidance and self-directiveness. The substances market indirectly affected substances use through a positive attitude towards substances. positive attitude towards substances and harm avoidance had a direct and positive impact on substances use and self-directiveness and Self-Transcedenc had a direct and significantly negative effect (p≤0/01). The findings were in line with the results of similar previous studies and an important step to explain the factors affecting substances use and a model for designing comprehensive prevention programs for high-risk behaviors.

Predicting the components of love based on Myers-Briggs personality traits Amin Rafiepoor1, zahra sakeni *2 1. Abstract Love experience comes from many personal factors. The present study aimed to predict the components of lovemaking based on Myers-Briggs personality traits. A sample of 152 married students was selected using available sampling method and participated in this study. Participants were asked to complete the Myers-Briggs Personality Types Questionnaire and Sternberg Triangular Love Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and stepwise regression. The results of the research showed that there is a positive correlation between personality traits, extroversion with intimacy and judgment with commitment (P <0.01). Also, based on the results of the Myers / Briggs Personality Types, extroversion personality type is the only predictor of love, which explains 6% of its distribution (p <0.01). Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that personality traits can predict love in individuals. Keywords: Love, Character, Myers-Briggs

The purpose of the present study was to analyze the personality of Gordafarid, the first Iranian epic lady by the Martin Siligman positive psychology approach. The population was Shahnameh women and Gordafarid was taken as sample. A descriptive-analytic research project was compiled. In the descriptive field the data collected via library study method; then, in the field of psychology, Gordafarid's character analysis was conducted according to Martin Seligman's point of view. Based on this, several categories of positive psychological characteristics that were discussed in personality; including reason, courage, excellence and self-esteem were studied. The findings suggested that positive scientific psychology subsumed suitable solutions for the good life of humanity. In this approach, attention was drawn to the strengths and potentials of man, such as courage, prosperity, wisdom and knowledge. And that human can act with the help of will and under the influence of many of the virtues mentioned in positive psychology in order to confront the problems, as well as Gordafarid, as a symbol of the first Iranian epic woman, unlike European eagerness had behaved wiser than the great rulers of the war.