جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « validity » در نشریات گروه « علوم تربیتی »

This study tries to develop a scale to measure the religious feeling of young children based on a survey method project and within the framework of conventional patterns of psychometrics, in the community of 4-6 year old children in Iran and on two sample groups of normal school students (445 students from Tehran, Kerman, Tabriz, Mashhad and Bandar Abbas) and religious school students (145 students from Qom) using a "descriptive" method. In this seven-item scale, a child is placed in a situation, as the hero of the story, with specific religious practices and ceremonies, and the examinee's feeling towards that situation is measured as happy, neutral or sad. Analyzing the data, it became clear that the degree of difficulty and ability to recognize the questions, as well as the frequency distribution of the answers, are appropriate and have an internal and external fit. The results of analyzing confirmatory factor and analyzing the main components of standardized remaining values confirms construct validity and the difference between two groups of children from normal and religious centers, the discriminant validity of the scale and the internal consistency coefficient higher than 0.7, and the indicators of personal separation and question validity based on the Rasch scale model. The average religious feeling of children was obtained higher than the difficulty of the questions. The degree of desirability of the items pilgrimage, going to Ashura ceremonies and rowza (mourning of Moharram), and helping the poor is lower than the level of children with the least positive feelings; while the degree of desirability of the items "going to the mosque" and "watching the mother praying" is the highest and "praying and learning the Quran" in kindergarten is higher than the average religious feeling among children. This scale is a valid and reliable tool for evaluating parents' performance in strengthening or weakening children's positive feelings towards religious behaviors and ceremonies, and also for evaluating the effectiveness of religious education programs in educational centers.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Adolescent Resilience Scale (ARS) among girl adolescents in Iran. In a correlational study, 486 female adolescents were surveyed using the Adolescent Resilience Scale (ARS), Adolescent and Adult Mindfulness Scale (AAMS), Cognitive Reappraisal Scale (CRS) and Proactive Coping Scale (PCS). The principal component analysis method with oblimin rotation were used to compute the ARS's factorial validity and correlation coefficients between resilience dimensions with mindfulness, active coping and cognitive reappraisals were used to compute the ARS’s criterion validity. The results of the principal component analysis showed that the adolescent resilience scale consisted of 4 factors: positive orientation towards the future with a high internal consistency of 0.90, emotional regulation with an internal consistency of 0.75, novelty seeking with an internal consistency of 0.77, and patience with an internal consistency of 0.65. Furthermore, the correlation coefficients between dimensions of resilience with mindfulness, cognitive reappraisal and active coping supported the criterion validity of the adolescent resilience scale. This study provides evidence for the validity and reliability of the Adolescent Resilience Scale (ARS) as a measure of psychological resilience as a dynamic process of positive adjustment to stressful experiences and positive development in girl adolescents. The empirical findings support the conceptualized construct of psychological resilience and the effectiveness of the ARS in examining its manifestations.

This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Holden and Hawk Meta-Parenting Questionnaire (MPQ) in a sample of Iranian fathers. The research method is applied and descriptive in terms of its purpose, the data of which has been collected in the form of a survey. During three sub-studies, the fathers of Rasht city were selected in an accessible manner and answered the Persian translated version of the MPQ. In the first study, test-retest reliability was evaluated and this index was r=0.841 for the total score and at the level of evaluation components (r=0.802), predictability (r=0.858), reflection (r=0.839) and problem solving (r=0.864) were obtained and were significant at P<0.001 level. The intra-cluster correlation coefficient was also obtained in all cases ICC > 0.90. In the second sub-study (n=240), Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the whole tool was calculated as 0.778, and for the subscales in the range of 0.70 to 0.73. In the first-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), items 3 and 4 from the evaluation component, item 10 from the prediction component, items 15 and 16 from the reflection component and items 18, 19 and 20 from the problem solving component were removed, because factor loadings less than 0.3 and the construct validity indices confirmed the appropriate fit of the final model. Evidence of concurrent validity also revealed that the MPQ total score has been able to significantly predict and explain the variance of the scores of the family functioning variables in the expected directions. The Persian version of MPQ in fathers with a four-factor structure and after removing 8 questions has good retest reliability, internal consistency, construct validity and concurrent validity.

The goal of this study was to devise a checklist to assess pre-number concepts in children aged 5-6 years and to examine the psychometric features of this instrument. The instrument was developed via a literature review of existing measures and relevant resources, including library research and the analysis of documentary evidence. In this study, a checklist with 66 questions was devised to assess pre-number concepts in children aged 5-6 years. The checklist encompasses 5 components, including classification, alignment, mental retention, geometry, and detection of similarities and differences. The instrument was administered online using sample size of 100 parents with a study population of children aged 5-6 years. The online setting allowed for convenient collection of data and provided a secure environment in which the parents could answer the checklist without the physical presence of the researchers. The statistical analysis was conducted in the SPSS22 software, utilizing descriptive and inferential statistical methods. The descriptive statistics included the calculation of means, variances, and graphs. Furthermore, the exploratory factor analysis revealed that the checklist was shortened to 42 questions. The internal consistency of the construct validity questionnaire, as determined by Cronbach's Alpha, was found to be acceptable at approximately 0.6. These findings confirmed the validity and reliability of the checklist. The CVR value obtained via the review of 10 experts was approximately 2.2, indicating that the content and face validity of the questionnaire were in acceptable ranges. Additionally, the research on children suggested that approximately 0.86 out of every child possessing pre-number concepts.

The Sources of Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale, Malaysia (SCSE-M) is a self-report scale that measures self-efficacy with a focus on how counselors work with 25 items; however, this scale has not been investigated and psychometrically evaluated in Iranian society. The aim of the current study was, in the first step, to translate this scale from English to Persian and then to determine its psychometric properties in Iranian samples. The survey sample consisted of 297 of his 1400 Tehran city counselors, selected in a Convenience non-random sampling, and they responded to the research tools including Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale (2020), General Self-Efficacy Scale (1995), Deiner Flourishing Scale (2010), and Counselors Self-Efficacy Scale (2009). The data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis. According to the findings, face validity, content, and structure showed the appropriate validity and reliability of this tool. We used the combined reliability and Cronbach's alpha coefficient to assess the reliability and internal consistency of the Counselor Self-Efficacy Resource Scale, and the results showed that this scale has good internal consistency and composite reliability. Finally, the analysis of the correlation matrix related to the variables of the study showed that the Counseling Self-Efficacy Resource Scale had a positive and significant correlation with the general self-efficacy scale (GSE-10), Deiner Flourishing Scale, Counselors Self-Efficacy Scale, age and activity experience (p<0.01). The results of the present study demonstrated that this scale has favorable statistical properties in Iranian samples and can be reliably used in Iranian samples to assess self-efficacy in counseling.

Narcissism is a disorder that affects interpersonal relationships and experiences, cognition, inclinations, and emotions, and accurate and early diagnosis of this disorder is important for psychological interventions. Hence, several measurement tools have been developed for this purposeThe aim of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Sherman Short Form Factor narcissism scale (FFNI-SF). The sample consisted of 576 students of different educational levels of Allameh Tabataba’i, Tehran and Amirkabir Universities who completed FFNI-SF, Pathological Narcissism Inventory (PNI) and narcissistic personality Inventory (NPI). Data analysis was performed using psychometric indices such as internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent and construct validity. The results showed that the internal consistency index, Cronbach's alpha, was suitable for the whole questionnaire of 0.87 and for 15 subscales between 0.54 and 0.79. The test-retest reliability of the whole scale in three-week intervals was 0.88 and the test-retest coefficients of the test-retest subscales for 15 subscales were between 0.55 to 0.81, that was suitable. Also, the convergent validity of this questionnaire was significant due to the overall correlation coefficient of the score of this questionnaire with two questionnaires (PNI) and (NPI), respectively, equal to 0.52 and 0.53. The construct validity of this questionnaire, which was performed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), also showed a suitable and acceptable fitness of this questionnaire. In general, the results showed that this questionnaire has suitable validity and reliability. Therefore, the Iranian version of this FFNI-SF questionnaire can be used as a suitable tool by experts to assess narcissistic personality traits.

Parental stress has significant negative effects on the physical and mental health of parents of children with autism. The aim of the research was to investigate the psychometric properties of the parenting stress scale in mothers of children with autism. The survey research method and the statistical population of mothers with a child with autism spectrum disorder in Tehran in the spring of 2022. The statistical sample was 276 mothers of children with autism who were selected in an available manner. The tools used to measure autism parenting stress scales were Petrosvan and Miles (2009) and resilience of Conner and Davidson (2003). Descriptive and inferential statistics as well as confirmatory factor analysis were used for data analysis. SPSS version 25 and Smart PLS version 3.2 software were also used. The findings showed that the Cronbach's alpha value of the autism parenting stress scale is equal to 0.953 and for the four components of the child's behaviors and communication, care stress, supporting the child's needs and personal and family life, the reliability coefficients are between 0.76 and 0.92. Composite reliability was obtained for the whole scale of 0.962 and for the components between 0.86 and 0.93. The face and content validity of the scale was confirmed by the opinions of parents and experts. Criterion validity using resilience scale has been equally acceptable. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that while the scale has favorable convergent and divergent validity, the four-factor model was confirmed. Considering the appropriate reliability and validity, it is recommended to clinical experts and researchers to use the mentioned scale to measure the parenting stress of mothers.

This paper aims to study the cocept of philanthropism in Islamic sources and to develop a preliminary test thereon. Thus and referring to the Islamic sources, the content analysis method is used. For the validation and reliability assessment of the test, a survey method was employed with a sample of 109 students from the religious seminary of Qom and the Azad Islamic University. The structure derived from Islamic sources for philanthropism included six components: 1. Acceptance; 2. Bonding; 3. Friendship with others; 4. Supportiveness; 5. Forgiveness; 6. Selflessness. The validity of this structure was confirmed by religious experts with psychology backgrounds using the Likert four-option structure. Subsequently, based on the achieved structure, nearly a hundred initial accounts were designed and validated by experts; and following experts' opinions, some items were eliminated, resulting in a final fifty-question version of the test for evaluation. The reliability of the test was obtained at a level of 0.923 through internal consistency analysis using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The split-half reliability also revealed values of 0.869 and 0.870 for the two halves of the test. Therefore, this test exhibits appropriate validity and reliability.

The Grief Mean Scale (GMRI) is a five-item scale designed to measure post- grief meaning. This scale has been used and validated by Niemeyer and Millman (2014). However, this scale has not yet been studied in Iranian society and has not been psychometric. The purpose of the present study in the first stage was to translate this scale from English to Persian and then to determine its psychometric properties in the Iranian sample. The research sample consisted of 215 people who were randomly selected and responded to the research tool. Based on the findings, face validity, content and structure showed the validity and reliability of this tool. Convergent validity (AVE> 0.50) was also determined and confirmed for this questionnaire. The internal consistency reliability of the grief meaning scale was assessed using the combined reliability and Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the alpha between 0.77 and 0.86 confirmed the reliability of the dimensions of this scale. In addition, the correlation results related to the study variables showed that the scale of grief meaning scale has a significant correlation with the scale of grief experience (p <0.01). Overall, the results of the present study showed that this scale has a desirable statistical feature in the Iranian sample and especially it can be used with confidence in the Iranian sample..

Global competence has profoundly affected all areas of education. In the process of globalization, global competence is a critical competence for graduate students. The Graduate Student Global Competence Questionnaire (GCSG) is a new tool for measuring the global competency of university graduate students. The aim of the present study was to investigate the validity, reliability and standardization of the Global Competence Questionnaire of university graduates in the Iranian student community.

The present research method was correlational and 234 graduate students of different universities in the country at the master's and doctoral level were selected by available sampling method and the global competence questionnaire of graduate students that was first used by Liu, Yin, and Wu (2020) have designed, they answered.

The results of data analysis using Pearson's correlation coefficient and confirmatory factor analysis showed that the GCSG scale, like the original form, consists of three main factors of knowledge and understanding, skills, and attitudes and values, with Cronbach's alpha coefficients for The subscales of skills, attitudes and values, and knowledge and understanding are 0.89, 0.82, and 0.82, respectively, and have the required validity of 0.92 for the whole scale. On the other hand, because the correlation coefficients of the sub-scales show a lower value compared to the correlation coefficients of the total scale, it indicates the validity of the measurement scale. The indices obtained from the fitted model CMIN/DF, CFI, GFI, and RMSEA were 1.60, 0.90, 0.82, and 0.55, respectively, with DF = 468, which is at the level of (p< 0.001) is significant and shows the acceptability of the fitted model.

It is concluded that the current scale is a reliable and valid tool for measuring the global competence of university graduates and by using the current tool, extensive research can be done in line with the global competence of students and also the effectiveness of various programs in this field. Keywords: global competence measurement scale, norming, confirmatory factor analysis, validity, reliability, university graduate students.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the practicality, validation, and validation of the online learning readiness scale in students of virtual courses. For this purpose, according to self-declaration, 350 undergraduate students of virtual courses were selected by random sampling method and an 18-item online learning readiness questionnaire was administered to students of virtual courses. The validity of the measurement tool in terms of internal coordination (Cronbach's alpha) is 0.945 and the method of retesting the subscales is all above 0.85. Performing the principal components analysis on the construct validity of the questionnaire shows that the materials of the questionnaire are generally correlated with one factor. The rotation of the factors according to Varimax method shows that the theoretical structure of the questionnaire consists of 5 factors: Motivation to learn in online environments, and self-efficacy in online communications) is saturated with a factor load of more than 0.40, which together are 66.65% of the total variance and each with (29.98, 23.19, 18.81, / 85, respectively). 14, and 13.17) explain the percentage of common variance of the online learning readiness questionnaire.

The current research was conducted to develop and validate a resilience test in gifted adolescents by referring to the conceptual teachings of the capability-based approach, as a comprehensive and hyper-realistic approach that defines resilience in the context of individual and contextual resources. Using the convenience sampling method, 451 gifted teenagers were selected from among the first and second high school students of gifted girls-only and boys-only schools in Kashan, Isfahan province, Iran. Firstly, the exploratory factor analysis, using principal component analysis, supported the measurement model, which included three sources of teacher, family, and friends, at the extrapersonal level. In addition, the results of the exploratory factor analysis supported the model that consisted of the six sources of self-esteem, responsibility, self-control, the ability to learn from negative experiences, challenge-seeking, and positive thinking at the intrapersonal level. The results of confirmatory factor analysis aimed at determining the factorial validity of the psychological resilience tool revealed that the first-order twofactor model had a better fit with the data than the other two competing models, including the third-order hierarchical multifactorial model and the first-order multifactorial model. Also, the results of the t-test for independent groups, once the differential validity of the resilience tool was confirmed, showed that the tool was effective in distinguishing between resilient and non-resilient gifted learners. Furthermore, the results related to the correlation between the individual and contextual dimensions of the developed tool, with different aspects of the perception of social support, provided additional evidence for the criterion validity of the developed resilience tool. Internal consistency coefficients were between 0.75 and 0.97 for contextual sources of resilience and between 0.84 and 0.96 for intrapersonal sources of resilience. Furthermore, the results showed that the informational limits of the capability-based approach to resilience could not only maximize the inclusion of intra- and extra-personal resources, which nourish resilience-coping strategies, but also reduce the negative consequences caused by the dominance of onedimensionality in the process of evaluating, monitoring, and selecting leaders.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Elementary School Quality of Life Questionnaire for Iranian students. The study was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of methodology. The statistical population of the study consisted of all fifth and sixth-grade students in Kerman city, from which a sample of 200 students was selected using simple random sampling. The research instruments included the Hang and colleagues' (2017) Elementary School Quality of Life Questionnaire, the Warren and colleagues' (2003) Children's Quality of Life Questionnaire, and the Huebner (2001) Student Life Satisfaction Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson correlation, and Cronbach's alpha with SPSS22 software. The results of data analysis showed that the Persian version of the Elementary School Quality of Life Questionnaire in the Iranian sample has the same factor structure as the original version of the test. The content validity of the test was confirmed, and the structural validity was examined using confirmatory factor analysis, which showed that all factors had a very good fit.

AbsractThe aim of this study was to confirm the confirmatory factor analysis of the Happiness Assessment Scale in middle-aged women. For this purpose, among middle-aged women (40-65 years old), 280 people were selected by convenience sampling method and answered the happiness assessment scale in middle-aged women (Shin & Kim, 2021). In the present study, the results of data analysis by confirmatory factor analysis showed that the happiness assessment scale, like the main form, consists of four factors: Self-value, Positive thought, self-management and Family relations. The results of validation based on Cronbach's alpha were also 0.93, which is an appropriate value. The results of this study show that this scale is a reliable and valid tool for assessing happiness in middle-aged women.Keywords: Happiness assessment Scale, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, reliability, validity, Middle-Aged Women.

The Vulnerable Personality Style Questionnaire (VPSQ) is a self-report scale designed to identify women at risk for postpartum depression due to personality vulnerability. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate factor structure, validity and reliability indicators of the Vulnerable Personality Questionnaire and its effect on postpartum depression in Iranian women. The design of this research was cross-sectional-descriptive. The statistical population of this study were women with postpartum depression in Isfahan. Three hundred women with postpartum depression were randomly selected from women with postpartum depression in Isfahan. They were selected based on their performance on the following questionnaires; the Vulnerable Personality Style Questionnaire of Boyce et al. (2004), and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (1978). The results of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) showed that the questionnaire has a two-factor structure. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the two dimensions of vulnerability and organization was 0.87 and 0.705 respectively, which showed that the reliability of the questionnaire is suitable. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that after controlling demographic variables (age, mother's education, father's occupation and family income), vulnerable personality has a significant effect on postpartum depression (β = 0.503, p < 0.001). It seems that the Vulnerable Personality Style Questionnaire has appropriate psychometric indices and this tool can be used to predict postpartum depression in women, and prevent its negative consequences

Cognitive interference means disturbing thoughts experienced by athletes while performing tasks, which damaged their performance. Due to the importance of the subject, the present study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Cognitive Interference Questionnaire in Sports. The population consisted of Iranian athletes who had the experience of participating in sports competitions in 2021. A number of 207 athletes were selected in clusters and completed the mindfulness and cognitive interference questionnaires in sports. To examine psychometric properties, construct validity and convergent validity were investigated by exploratory factor analysis through calculating the correlation of the cognitive interference scale with the sports mindfulness scale. To measure reliability, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used. The findings showed that the thought of escape, situation-irrelevant thoughts, and performance worries explain 59.08% of the relevant variance. The results also manifested that the significant correlation between the scales of sports mindfulness and cognitive interference indicated the convergent validity of the construct. Cronbach's alpha coefficients of the whole questionnaire and sub-scales: thoughts of escape, situation-irrelevant thoughts, and performance worries confirmed the internal reliability of the scale. The confirmatory factor analysis results (CFI=0.96 and NFI=0.93) also indicated the appropriate fit of the structure. According to the findings, the cognitive interference questionnaire in sports had acceptable validity and reliability among Iranian athletes. Sports coaches, psychologists, and researchers can use this tool in their research.

Objectified Body Consciousness Scale is a prominent scale of the key construct in the body image literature. The purpose of this study was to investigate the Psychometric properties of the Persian version of Objectified Body Consciousness Scale in women. 290 female undergraduate students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz who were selected by multi - stage random sampling participated in this research. In order to collect information the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale (McKinley & Hyde,1996), Appearance Schemas Inventory (Cash & Labarj,1996) and appearance orientation subscale of Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire -Appearance Scale (Cash,2000) were used. The validity of the OBCS was measured using confirmatory factor analysis and convergent validity, and the reliability of the scale was assessed by internal consistency and Half-Split. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated an acceptable fit of the extracted model. Correlation coefficients between the OBCS and its factors (body surveillance, body shame and appearance control beliefs) with appearance schema and appearance orientation showed that the scale has good convergent validity (p <0.01). Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient for OBCS and its factors (body surveillance, body shame and appearance control beliefs) were calculated to be 0.71, 0.78, 0.75 and 0.65, respectively. Also, the reliability coefficients of the OBCS were obtained by Half-Split method (Spearman-Brown and Guttman) 0.50 and for its factors (body surveillance, body shame and appearance control beliefs) in the range of 0.65 to 0.71, and by retest method 0.79 and for its factors (body surveillance, body shame and appearance control beliefs) 0.83, 0.66, and 0.63 respectively after four weeks. The results indicate that the OBCS in Iran has a good validity and reliability.

Standard academic progress tests in physical education play an important role when it comes to assessing students’ progress, pinpointing their strengths and weaknesses and categorizing them. The present research has aimed to design and examine the reliability and validity of an observation form for the process of throwing darts. The testees participating in the research were darts players (male and female) in two skill levels -- beginner's and skilled. Skills in darts can, based on biomechanical analysis, be divided into two main categories: basic techniques and the steps for dart throwing. The important points of each group and the components comprising the process of throwing darts were written in the form of appropriate items. The face validity and content validity of the first draft of the observation form (involving 29 items) were examined by 29 distinguished darts coaches and trainers. After the content validity ratio was calculated for each item and the designated criteria were taken into consideration, questions 16 and 20 were omitted, and the final draft of the observation form for dart throwing skill thus consisted of 27 items. The construct validity of the observation form showed, based on discriminant validity, significant statistical difference between darts players at beginner's level and skilled ones. Male participants performed better than female participants regardless of their level of skill. Test-retest was used with a week's interval in order to determine reliability over time, which was shown to be 0.99, and the objectivity was calculated as 98.0 by means of Pearson's correlation coefficient. Therefore, the observation form devised for dart throwing has acceptable reliability and validity and can be used by trainers and researchers in the field of dart throwing.

The aim of this study was to validate the designed model by the authors to measure professional skills in Iranian English teachers.

Adopting a descriptive-correlational research method, a researcher-made questionnaire based on the developed model was used to collecting data. The sample consisted of 300 teachers (184 females and 116 males) who were selected using the available sampling method and completed the questionnaire online. The validity of the questionnaire was assessed using content validity and confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient.

The findings confirmed that the developed model and the resulting questionnaire have acceptable reliability and validity

the model of professional skills can be used to assess the professional skills of teachers