جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « نگرش » در نشریات گروه « تربیت بدنی »

Nowadays, companies are placing a strong emphasis on understanding the factors that influence consumer buying behavior. In pursuit of this objective, managers of organizations are giving special attention to attitudes. This study aimed to investigate the impact of attitudes towards advertising and brand by comparing animated advertising with advertising featuring real characters on consumer attraction and purchase intention. The study employed a descriptive-correlational design and had an applied purpose. The statistical population of the study consisted of 300 physical education students from universities in Hamedan City. The results indicated that attitudes towards advertising mediated the impact of advertising, whether featuring real characters or animated ones, on consumer attraction, but not on purchase intention. Similarly, attitudes towards the brand did not mediate the effect of advertising, whether featuring real characters or animated ones, on purchase intention and consumer attraction. Given the increasing importance and prevalence of this type of advertising worldwide, companies should endeavor to cultivate a positive attitude towards these advertising methods and brands in the minds of consumers to enhance consumer attraction and purchase intention.

Regardless of the specific benefits of an active lifestyle, a lack of physical activity is a serious issue in various segments of society including youth. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of knowledge, attitude, and physical activity of dormitory students living at Kharazmi University.

In a cross-sectional study, 288 students residing in the dormitory (189 female and 99 male) were selected randomly and filled out the questionnaires on knowledge, attitude, and physical activity. The DASS-21 scale was used to assess students' depression, anxiety and stress states. Data were analyzed by SPSS software at the significant level of 0/05.

The average scores of knowledge, attitude, and level of physical activity of students were moderate, high, and undesirable. In terms of depression, anxiety, and stress, they had good mental health. The results did not show a significant difference between the scores of knowledge, attitude, and mental health of males and females, but the level of physical activity of males was higher. Also, the attitude and physical activity level of students during the week were significantly correlated with the components of mental health and gender, but no significant relationship was found between the other variables.

Overall, because of the prevalence of inactivity in students, identifying how to increase their level of knowledge and physical activity is necessary.

The aim of this study was to Identifying psychological Indicators in the process of Succession in sport coaches. The method of this study was qualitative, which was done according to grounded theory method according to apparent approach of Glaser. The statistical population of experts aware of the subject of the research, which according to the purposeful selection of 15 these people were identified as research sample. Sampling was performed until theoretical saturation was reached. The collection tool of present study in qualitative section is semi-structured interview. The statistical method used in the present study included the coding method. The coding performed in this research was done in three sections of open, axial and selective coding. To analyze the data, Maxqda software was used. Results show that the Indicators of sports psychology in process of Succession coaches, including five categories of behavioral, attitude, social, Intervention and health indicator were identified.

The aim of this study was to investigating the role of emotional persuasion on self-efficacy and entrepreneurial attitude of sports students (an experimental study).

The present study is a quasi-experimental and applied research that was conducted in two stages: pre-test and post-test. The research population consists of graduate and undergraduate students of sports sciences of Mashhad universities who according to the research protocol, 150 people were randomly selected as a sample. For data collection, the samples (150 people) were first classified into three virtual groups (telegram): positive, negative persuasion and control. An online questionnaire was provided to the samples during the pre-test and post-test. Positive and negative persuasion messages were then sent to the groups for one month.

Results: 

The findings show that positive emotional motivation has a positive and significant effect on self-efficacy and change in attitudes toward entrepreneurship of sports students. Also, negative emotional persuasion had no effect on students' entrepreneurial attitude, but in relation to the self-efficacy variable, it shows a significant effect.

If a person is encouraged towards entrepreneurship by various factors, we can hope that his belief and self-efficacy will be strengthened and his attitude towards entrepreneurship will change in a positive direction. Because as the results of research show, a person's emotions can be effective in this direction. Therefore, it is suggested that in order to deal with the fear and the phenomenon of student unemployment, positive incentives be used in the educational environment to see the adjustment of unemployment of this segment of society in the future

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effective factors related to students in educating and improving the level of physical fitness of students of Imam Hossein (AS) Military University.

For this purpose, 280 students of the General Guard course were randomly selected as a statistical sample and researcher-made questionnaires were used to assess their attitude, technical knowledge and participation. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by physical education experts and the reliability of the questionnaires was determined using Cronbach's alpha test of 0.9, 0.94 and 0.7, respectively. Student-t-test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, regression model analysis and Spearman correlation coefficient were used to analyze the research data.

Based on the results, it was found that the average of effective factors in training and promoting physical fitness of the students in this study, including students' participation in physical fitness class 56,14 (out of 70) and their attitude towards physical fitness 43,49 ( (75) and his technical knowledge of 49.18 (out of 75) regarding physical fitness was higher than the average score.

According to the results, it seems that students participate less in scientific topics. This should be highlighted and educators should involve students in more scientific discussions. Also, better planning should be done to deepen the student's information by the professors in the classrooms in order to improve the quality of physical education lessons and apply the students' technical knowledge to raise the level of attitude and ultimately improve their physical fitness.

The aim of this study was to analyze the gender factor in the effectiveness of advertising using sports on social networks (case study: Instagram) with emphasis on the role of attitude in the effectiveness of advertising and the role of gender in moderating the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The statistical population of the study was users of Instagram sport pages, and users of posterfootball, posterfutball, akhbare_perspolis, chejazab, science.base.fit and faculty.of.sport.sciences were selected as the available sample. This research is a descriptive- correlational kind and statistical analysis was performed based on 260 questionnaires using Smart PLS software. The confirmatory factor analysis method was used to determine the validity of the instrument's structure, also Cronbach's alpha and Composite reliability coefficient were used to confirm the reliability of the questionnaire. The model of this study includes eight independent components (entertainment, informativeness, peer influence, self-brand congruity, invasiveness, privacy concern, quality of life, and structure time) whose relationship with attitudes toward social media advertising was evaluated. The results revealed that among independent factors, invasiveness and self-brand congruity were meaningful commonly between males and females. Also, informativeness among females, and entertainment and peer influence among males were meaningfully related to attitude.

Awareness of the relationship between creativity, as an interpersonal psychological concept, with human capital and strategic agility, as concepts within the organization, could somehow provide valuable information about the role of creativity in positive or negative (optimistic or pessimistic) interpretation of individuals about the organization's capabilities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between creativity, human capital and strategic agility in the elite staff of the Iranian Gymnastics Federation.

The research method was descriptive, correlational, applied and survey based on the nature, type, purpose and procedure respectively. A total of 70 elites of Iranian gymnastics federation was selected and were asked to complete inventories of creativity (Rendsip, 1979), human capital (Amiri, 2012) and strategic agility (Mavengere, 2013). Data was analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and independent t test

individual’s creativity has a positive and significant relationship with both human capital and strategic agility. Significant between groups difference was found between more and less creative participants in terms of human capital and strategic agility.

The finding shows that in the elites of the Iranian Gymnastics Federation, individuals with better creativity have more optimistic and positive view toward the value of human capital and strategic agility. It is possible that individuals' creativity influences their attitudes toward important organizational concepts such as human capital and strategic agility, and paves the way for elitism.

The purpose of the current study was to examine the socio-cultural components affecting the participation of persons with disabilities in physical activity. The method of the present study was applied in terms of purpose, and its data were collected using the descriptive-survey method. In the qualitative section for conducting field interviews, the statistical community of the study consisted of lecturers who were aware of the issue of disabled sports, some of the managers who were engaged in the sports field of the Disabled Sports Federation, as well as disabled and veteran athletes. Objectives were selected for qualitative interviews on the topic of research (12 interviews with 12 people and continued to theoretical saturation). In the quantitative part, after collecting the data qualitatively, a questionnaire on social-cultural components affecting the participation of the disabled in physical activity was performed and this questionnaire (29 items in the form of 8 components) among the athletes with a disability (n=386) were distributed.The elongation and skidding indices are used to investigate the distribution of data (normal or abnormal) and to investigate and answer the research questions, a compilation of the model and structural model of IBM SPSS Software v.24, Smart PLS V.2.0, and Pro Max QDA v.Pro were used. The results of the study indicated that 29 conceptual codes and 8 main categories are the socio-cultural components affecting the participation of the disabled in physical activity. Consequently, the results of the present study hopefully can pave the way for those who are in charge of sports for disabled athletes.

The main purpose of this study was to study effect of perceived benefits in online shopping on attitude and intention to purchase sports products from the perspective of physical education students. The present study was a descriptive-field survey. The statistical population includes all physical education students of Golestan province universities that 384 students were selected through available sampling as the statistical sample of the study. To collect research data, questionnaires of perceived benefits in online shopping of Wani & Malik (2013), attitude to online shopping of Sinha (2010), and customers’ intention to online purchase of Chou & Hsu (2016) were used. To analyze the data and identify the effects of research variables, structural equation modeling was applied.The results indicate that the ease of use of online shopping has a positive and significant effect on the attitude towards online shopping of physical education students. The effect of appropriate price in online shopping on the attitude towards online shopping was positive and meaningful. The results showed that product diversity in online shopping has a positive and significant effect on students' attitudes towards online shopping. Finally, the positive and significant effect of attitude to online shopping on the intention to online purchase of sports products in physical education students was confirmed. According to the results, providing information to customers about the use of the website by online sellers, the use of different pricing methods and the variety of products offered to customers are recommended.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of advertising through sport in social networks (case study: Instagram). The present study was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of the study included Iranian users of Instagram sport pages, and users of these pages: posterfootball, posterfutball, chejazab, akhbare_perspolis, science.base.fit and faculty.of.sport.sciences were selected as the sample by convenience sampling method. 260 questionnaires were used for statistical analysis. To collect the data, Taylor, Levin and Strutton (2011) questionnaire was used. The content and content validity of the questionnaire were approved by 8 experts after a three-step process of translation. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine the construct validity of this questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was obtained using Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability coefficient was favorable. The data were analyzed using Smart PLS software. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. This study included eight independent factors: entertainment, informativeness, peer influence, self-brand congruity, invasiveness, privacy concern, quality of life, structured time. The results of the test showed that among these factors, the first 5 ones influenced the dependent factor (attitude towards social network ads). The self-brand congruity factor (0.350) had the most effect on the attitude toward advertising through sport. It is believed that sport has continued to attract the attention of various businesses as an influential medium.

The study is to determine the effects of remorse on future buying behaviors of consumers of sporting goods; investigating the mediating role of attitude. The statistical population included all young consumers of sporting goods (15-30 years old) in Esfahan city. So, 380 were randomly selected as the samples. They completed the following questionnaires: buyer’s remorse questionnaire, consumer’s attitude towards buying and buying behavior scale. Face and content validity of scales were accepted after translation by sport marketing professors. Also, reliability was checked by Cronbach's alpha test. The data were analyzed by SPSS22 and AMOS software. The results showed that remorse for buying, remorse for not buying, violating social norms, lack of self-control, hedonistic consumption, and coping behaviors had significant effects on remorse of consumers. Buyer’s remorse had a significant effect on forming the consumers’ attitude toward buying. Moreover, consumers’ attitude had a significant effect on future buying behavior, attitude mediate the relation between buyers’ remorse and future buying behaviors. The results of structural equation modeling showed that the proposed research model was of good fit (RMSEA=0/0008) in target population.

The purpose of this research is to predict the individualchr('39')s attitude through their beliefs about advertising by using sports. This research is practical and is of the correlation method which was carried out as a field study. The statistical population was the spectators present at Azadi Stadium and according to the content of Cochran sample, 342 of the spectators were randomly chosen and filled in the questionnaire of advertising through sport called pyun (2006). The result of the regression analysis revealed that all the components of belief including the product information, social role and image, pleasure, annoying, good for economy, materialism and falsity had the capability of predicting the individualchr('39')s attitude toward advertising through sport. The component good for economy had the most effect and materialism had the least effect on the individualchr('39')s attitude toward advertising through sports. According these results, it is we essential pay attention to the quality and price of the predicts. On the other hand, we should use the advertising which are according to the culture of each in order to be more effective and attract the individualchr('39')s attitude toward advertising through sports.

Focus of cause-related marketing efforts in the sports industry is related to the intangible nature of sport Business and the high degree of fanschr('39') willingness to charity programs. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of sport fanschr('39') attitude in cause-related sport marketing. Survey of this study was the members of the Supporterschr('39') Association of Persepolischr('39')s and Esteghlalchr('39')s clubs. And the questioner is sent them through Social Networks. In this study, simple random sampling was used and since the Statistical Society in this study was unlimited, Cochran formula was used to estimate the sample size. To analyze the data, structural equation method with Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach is used. Based on the results, both fans attitude toward cause-related sport marketing and fans attitude toward sport team has a   positive and significant effect on purchase intention of sport product and re-attention intention. According to the finding, when fans have a positive attitude toward the team and sport charity program, cause/brand fit lead to purchase intention and re-attention intention.

The purpose of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of The Persian version of the Team Identity Scale. For this purpose, The statistical sample of the study was (N=820) sports fans in Iran’s Football Premier League were chosen by stratified random sampling and completed the questionnaires. The method of the research was as follows: first, with the use of translation-back translation methods, face validity and translate accuracy of the Persian version of the questionnaires were confirmed. second, Confirmatory factor analysis based on structural equations was used for validation of the structure of the questionnaire, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used for the internal consistency of the questionnaire. The results showed that first-order (GFI=.96; CFI=.99; RMSEA=.04; SRMR=.02) and second-order confirmatory factor analysis (GFI=.94; CFI=1.00; RMSEA=.054; SRMR=.045), and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (α=. 93) of the Persian version of Team*ID scale supported 6-factor and 18-items structure of the initial questionnaire, and confirm construct validity and internal consistency of the Team*ID scale. In conclusion, it can use the Persian version of the Team*ID scale as a tool for study and evaluation of team identification of sports fans in Iran.

The aim of this study was to investigate the attitudes of high school students in the Kurdistan Region of Kurdistan regarding their education and their participation in school sports events. The statistical population of this study was all students of middle school and high school in the Kurdistan region of Iraqi Kurdistan. For cluster random sampling, sampling was used. The sample consisted of 826 people, of which 389 were boys and 437 were girl. A researcher-made three-part questionnaire was used to collect data. For analyzing the data, descriptive and inferential statistics (Kolmogorov Smirnov, Khyndo, Pearson correlation coefficient, analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test) were used. The results of the research showed that there is a relationship between participation in sporting events with the attitude toward physical education, but between the amount of skill in sports activities as well as between the interest in sports activities and attitudes toward the training course Students did not have a meaningful relationship. Finally, there was a significant correlation between the amount of exercise outside the school and the attitude toward the education, and the group that exercised daily exercise outside the school had a better attitude toward the lesson than the non-practitioner group They had no education.

The continuous growth of sport tourism has made it one of the most popular leisure and tourism industries. The present study aimed to determine the effects of the image of destination, attitude, and motivation on the future behavior of sports tourists. The present research was an applied-correlational study based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the survey was the audience of the Football League (Esteghlal Khuzestan & Persepolis). The respondents were selected based on convenience sampling method and questionnaires were distributed among them. Finally, a total of 381 questionnaires were used for data analysis. The required data were collected using a standard questionnaire (Lee, 2009), consisting of 5 subscales and 31 items. The face and content validity of questionnaires were assessed by 10 academics. The data were statistically analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS-23 and Smart PLS-3. Based on the research results, 40% of individuals’ satisfaction and 42% of variations of future behavior variations can be explained through their image of the destination, attitude, and motivation. Based on the results of structural equation modeling, the impact of the image of destination, attitude, and motivation on future behavior and satisfaction was adequately fitted (SRMR=0/061). The results of the research showed that the motivation, attitude and image of the destination by sporting tourists lead to satisfaction and future behavior. The existence of a positive perception of motivation, attitude and image of destination of travel brings more satisfaction and loyalty to the future behavior of sport tourists.

Today internet and sport websites users have increased because of delivering the important information about the organizations, products, teams, and players. This study aims to deliver a model of the effective factors on sport websites usage. In this descriptive – correlational study, 258 participants selected from among physical education students of University of Kurdistan based on census method. Data collected through a standard, valid and reliable questionnaire which is suitable for paper’s objectives. Data analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics by Spss20 and Amos22 software. It is concluded that the final model is suitable for delivering the factors which are effective on sport websites usage. So model’s variables are good determinants in usage of sport websites

Attitude plays an important role in success and is one of the aspects thataffect students’ learning. The aim of the present study was to investigate thevalidity and reliability of Persian version of Student’s Attitude TowardPhysical Education Scale (SATPES). This study was descriptive-correlationand the statistical population consisted of all 12-14-year-old students of 1stgrade of middle schools in Tehran city. Student’s Attitude Toward PhysicalEducation Scale (SATPES) was used in this study and Subramaniam andSilverman (2000) had validated it. It included two subscales and 20 itemswith 5-point Likert responses and 415 questionnaires of this scale werecompleted by students. Test-retest method was applied in order to calculatethe temporal reliability and Cronbach’s alpha was used to determine internalconsistency. To determine construct validity, confirmatory and exploratoryfactor analyses were applied. The results showed that Persian version ofSATPES supported two dimensional approach of attitude in enjoyment andbenefit with 20 items; thus validity (fit indexes were above the acceptablelevel of 0.9) and reliability (above the acceptable level of 0.7) of the scalewere confirmed. In conclusion, Persian version of Student’s Attitude TowardPhysical Education Scale is recommended to measure students’ attitude

Purpose of this Study was to assess the experiences, needs, and attitudes of soccer coaches towards computer. Sampling was targeted available and soccer coaches of Isfahan with High School grad and higher. According to the research objectives, two standard questionnaires, FAIT, TAC were used to data collection and questionnaires sent for 150 coach of soccer that 109 acceptable questionnaires were returned. The reliability of the questionnaire was determined using internal consistency technique (Cronbach’s Alpha). It was 0.94 ,0.64 ,0.72 and 0.78 respectively for feelings, availability, use, and needs. Descriptive analysis was used to describe the current status of coaches and statistical analysis was used to determine attitudes, access, users, and the need of coaches by one-sample t-test. The results were measured by mean in each section. Statistical analysis of data gathered by questionnaire revealed that, in general, coaches' feelings toward computer were positive, availability and perceived needs were high, but computer use was low (p≤ 0.05). REPEAT: The results were measured by mean in each section. Statistical analysis of data gathered by questionnaire revealed that, in general, coaches' feelings toward computer were positive, availability and perceived needs were high, but computer use was low (p≤ 0.05). The results were measured by mean in each section. Statistical analysis of data gathered by questionnaire revealed that, in general, coaches' feelings toward computer were positive, availability and perceived needs were high, but computer use was low (p≤ 0.05).