جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « zahedan » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

The most regrettable form of urban development includes slums, shantytowns, and informal settlements that grow in gardens and agricultural lands on the urban fringe (adjacent to the legal boundaries and within the city's jurisdiction). These areas are characterized by narrow, winding alleys and poor sanitary conditions, and are constructed with basic materials (wood and mud) and unconventional ones such as cardboard, tin, plastic, car tires, and oil drums. This part of the city suffers from inadequate healthcare and educational services, high population density in substandard housing units, a lack of necessary comfort, and risks from natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, and fires. In this study, we first examine the laws related to the management of constructions by municipalities, rural districts, and sub-districts. Next, the supervisory and control mechanisms are assessed. The analysis continues with the SWOT model, a strategic tool for matching internal strengths and weaknesses with external opportunities and threats. This model provides a systematic evaluation to identify these factors and to develop long-term plans that create the best alignment between them. The long-term planning aims to maximize strengths and opportunities while minimizing weaknesses and threats. The hypothesis of this study is that weak construction and building regulations have led to the development of fringe settlements. By proposing revisions and improvements to these laws, it is possible to prevent the expansion of such settlements, thereby avoiding negative consequences and fostering a well-developed and comfortable city.

In the villages of Zahedan, there is a lack of facilities and services for education, health and so on, along with inadequate rural passages and inadequate rural housing in the face of natural disasters and consequently increased migration from the village to the city. Accordingly, during the years, the preparation and implementation of a rural conductor plan has been proposed as one of the solutions to reduce these problems in these villages. On the one hand, despite the widespread implementation of conductor plans in recent years and its goals, its effects appear to be less than expected and limited to changes in the physical context and less so in economic and social factors. On the other hand, due to the activities carried out by the Housing Foundation of Zahedan province and city in rural areas, especially in the central part of Zahedan, no evaluation of the services provided and the strengths and the weaknesses of these plans have not been investigated. Based on this issue, the present study aims to evaluate the socio-economic and physical impacts of conducting plans in rural areas of central Zahedan from the viewpoint of rural residents of this area.

The research method in this research is based on descriptive-analytical methods with survey approach. Information about the theoretical foundations and literature of the research was collected through documentary method and field data through questionnaire. In designing the questionnaire, the issue, research problem, research purpose and socioeconomic conditions of the study area were considered. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by university professors, Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation experts, and Zahedan Central Provincial Staff. Its reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha, which was 0.84. The statistical population of the study consists of 2623 villages in the central part of Zahedan city, out of which 5 villages with conductive plan were selected and excluded from the populated villages. The method of selection of the villages under study was selective and judgmental and used criteria such as population (in terms of population) and time of project implementation (5 years or more). To estimate the sample size, 335 villagers were selected by Cochran formula with 95% confidence level and 5% error probability by simple random sampling. After data collection and processing, SPSS, EXELL and ArcGIS software were used to analyze the data in the study area using one-sample t-test and Kruskal-Wallis.

Among the economic indicators, direct and indirect employment (2.63) had the highest performance and investment components in the village and the production of production units in the village had the lowest (2.40 and 2.49, respectively). In general, the results show that all economic indicators are below average and undesirable at the target level. Among the social indicators, the components of educational facilities in the village and the reduction of rural migration with the mean of 2.62 and 2.46 had the highest performance and the components of participation in the preparation of the conductor plan and the goals of the project were in line with the villagers' expectations, respectively. They have the lowest performance with averages of 2.37 and 2.39. In general, the results show that all social indicators are below average and undesirable at the desired level. Among the physical indices, the components of absorption of infrastructure facilities and services and compliance with the technical requirements of the project in construction with the mean of 2.54 and 2.48 have the highest performance and the components of the status of the design of the water supply and disposal network, respectively. The squares have the lowest yields with the mean of 2.27 and 2.20, respectively. In general, the results show that all physical indices are below average and undesirable at the target range. One sample t-test was used to evaluate the performance of conductor design in socioeconomic and physical dimensions of the study area. Physical performance with average of 2.31 had the lowest performance. Overall average conductor design performance was lower than average among study villages and has been shown to be undesirable. The results of Kruskal-Wallis test to measure people's satisfaction with RWC in the five studied villages showed that the average of people's satisfaction with RWC implementation in the studied villages was not the same and there were significant differences.. According to the average rank column, we conclude that people's satisfaction with the performance of rural conductor in Kheirabad village with average of 22/22 00 is higher than other villages. They have conductor designs.

Among the economic indicators, direct and indirect employment creation has the highest performance and the components of investment in the village and creation of productive units in the village have the lowest performance. From the social point of view of the respondent, the main effect of the conductor plan was on the components such as the existence of educational facilities in the village and the reduction of rural migration and the least impact on the components of participation in the preparation of the conductor plan and the project goals were in line with the villagers' expectations. In terms of physical impacts from the perspective of individuals, the conductor design had the greatest impact on the components such as attracting infrastructure facilities and services and observing the technical requirements of the design in construction and had the least impact on the components of the design status of the water disposal network and the layout and squares. Is. In general, the results showed that the performance of the conductor plan in all dimensions was lower than the average in the studied villages, which indicates the dissatisfaction of the villagers.

Today, the adverse effects of climate change and the resulting damages have become an environmental, social and economic problem. Evaluating the resilience of local communities against climate change and its limitations and obstacles is an important step for identifying effective mechanisms and prioritizing management that promotes flexibility and increases adaptation capacity. Due to the importance of this issue, the current research aims to identify the limitations of coping. and resilience against the risks caused by climate change was carried out in Zahedan city. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and its method is descriptive-analytical. The tool for collecting data and information was a researcher-made questionnaire from the study area. The statistical population was the rural households of Zahedan city, which due to the dispersion of villages and their large number, 12 villages (2 villages from each village) were randomly selected as sample villages. According to 832 households of the studied society and using Cochran's formula, the sample size of 263 households was obtained, which was increased to 265 households. In order to analyze the data, ISDM method was used in SPSS software and structural equation method in LISREL software. The results showed that 12.83% of residents have weak perception, 23.02% have moderate perception, 35.85% have strong perception and 28.30% have very strong perception of climate change. Also, the physical factor (factor load 0.941), social factor (factor load 0.922) and economic factor (factor load 0.895) are the most important limitations of resilience against the risks caused by climate change in Zahedan city.

Today, managerial decentralization in urban development processes through the formulation of laws and processes in developed or developing countries is seriously discussed.Attention to participation in urban management has a major role in solving many problems and urban issues, and accordingly,one of the high priorities of urban management is to create opportunities for public participation.

Objective of the research:

The aim of the present study is to study the Grounded Theory,Organizing urban management through citizen participation(Case study:Zahedan city).

The present study in terms of purpose, Applied research and has a descriptive-analytical nature, also in terms of method, is in the group of qualitative research.Data collection method was interview and grounded theory method was used to analyze the data. Sample size for interviewing experts in the framework of theoretical saturation and using Targeted Sampling,20experts (specialists, university professors and Zahedan city managers), was selected.

Geographical area of research:

Includes the city of Zahedan in the province of Sistan and Baluchestan.

From the results of the interviews, 16 categories and 50semantic units were extracted, which were divided into three categories of conditions(Causal, contextual and intervening).The results showed that these three conditions along with each other have caused citizens not to participate in urban management.

The general results show that in order to deal with the lack of citizen participation in urban management, strategies should be used(use of mass media,creating new opportunities in the field of communication with urban management, economy with a plan or strategic economy,etc.)should be used.

Regeneration, a contemporary approach within the realm of urban restoration, encompasses a broad range of aspects, encompassing both physical and social structures. The aim of the present investigation was to examine the state of urban regeneration indicators in Zahedan city.

The study was conducted during 2023-2024, employing a questionnaire as the research instrument. This questionnaire consisted of 4 indices, specifically focusing on socio-cultural conditions (9 items), economic prosperity (8 items), environmental condition (9 items), and physical condition (8 items). A 34-item questionnaire was devised employing the Likert scale. The validity of the research instrument was assessed by disseminating a questionnaire to 24 urban planning experts. Reliability of the indices was evaluated using Kröbnach's alpha. Subsequently, the collected data was subjected to analysis using SPSS 25 software, employing one-sample T-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).

The index of social and cultural conditions displayed a favorable status, exhibiting an average of 3.287. Similarly, the environmental condition indicated a favorable state with an average of 3.389, and the physical quality demonstrated a favorable condition with an average of 3.321. Conversely, the economic prosperity index portrayed an unfavorable situation, with an average of 2.715. The city areas of Zahedan exhibited a significant disparity in terms of sustainable urban regeneration. Notably, the index of socio-cultural conditions displayed the highest discrepancy, while the index of economic prosperity showcased the lowest variation.

The results highlight the favorable status of the environmental, socio-cultural, and physical indicators, juxtaposed with the unfavorable state of the economic prosperity index.

Earth's climate has always been changing throughout history, but with the beginning of the industrial revolution, the human role in climate change has increased. This is mainly due to the increase in the consumption of fossil fuels, urbanization, deforestation, desertification, etc., climate changes in human societies can lead to the migration of millions of people, the consequences of climate change The distribution of human population is not clear and unpredictable. The reflection of the displacement of the population appears in the cities and causes the formation of immigrant settlements in the peri-urban areas of big cities. The main goal of this research was to investigate the effects of climate change on the instability of Zahedan city. To achieve this goal, the average maximum and minimum data of temperature and relative humidity elements and total precipitation on a monthly scale related to Zahedan synoptic station in the 30-year statistical period from 1990 to 2020 were used. In this research, the non-parametric method of SENS test was used to evaluate the trend and spi was used for the standard precipitation index; Finally, 100 samples were used to test the questionnaire data. The results in the trend section showed that in the minimum, the most changes were related to the months of April, May, September, and October, and the maximum temperature changes occurred in the months of April, August, and October. In relative humidity, the biggest changes were in the form of a decrease in relative humidity in the month of November. The drought process based on the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) started in 1997, in fact, from 1998 to 2020, except for 2015, when the situation was relatively wet, Zahedan experienced drought in the rest of the years. The city had excellent and suitable conditions during the review period of 1991 and 1995 only. The results of the research based on the data of the questionnaire about neighborhood sustainability show that the highest average value is 2.3 related to the environmental dimension and the lowest average value is 2.5 related to the physical dimension. The overall neighborhood stability average is 2.8. This figure shows the weak stability (instability) of the researched neighborhoods, it can be said that the stability of the neighborhoods in the studied neighborhoods is not in a good condition and the citizens are dissatisfied in this regard.

The aim of the current research is to analyze the spatial status of the subjective indicators of resilience in the informal settlements of Zahedan. The statistical population includes residents of three neighborhoods: Karimabad, Qasimabad, and Shirabad. The reason for choosing these neighborhoods is their high vulnerability to natural and human hazards. In order to realize the spatial dimension of the research, spatial sampling was used in such a way that the studied neighborhoods were divided into small zones using the sampling tool set and the create fishnet tool in GIS software, and a number of questionnaires were assigned to each zone depending on its population. The sample size was estimated to be 384 people, which was distributed according to the population of each neighborhood and each zone. Factor analysis tests and techniques, Pearson's correlation, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Sheffe's post hoc test were used to analyze the questionnaire data, and GIS was used to prepare the maps. The research results indicate that there is a significant difference in the researched neighborhoods in terms of resilience indicators. In addition, the spatial sense of belonging index has the greatest effect on the resilience of the studied area. The results of Pearson’s correlation show that in the two neighborhoods of Karimabad and Shirabad, the highest correlation was between the two variables of safety and health and the sense of belonging to the place. In the neighborhood of Qasimabad, the highest correlation was between the two variables of knowledge and individual skill and the improvement of the economic situation.

The purpose of this research is to evaluate and analyze the level of economic competitiveness among the five regions of Zahedan city. This research is descriptive-analytical based on its nature and method, and applied-developmental in terms of its purpose. The data collection of the research was done using questionnaires and documents (data from the Statistical Yearbook of Iran Statistics Center and Zahedan Municipality Statistics and Information Center). The questionnaire tool was designed based on the global indicators of the Economic Forum as well as the use of other articles and researches. The research data were analyzed in SPSS software. To rank the zones of Zahedan based on competitiveness indices that, first the data were weighted using entropy technique, then the Aras multi-index technique was used. The results of study indicate the inequality of five zones of Zahedan in having economic competitiveness indicators. Therefore, Zone 1 of Zahedan city with 0.765 weight in the first rank had high level of competitiveness, Zone 2 with 0.542 weight and zone 5 with 0.407 weight respectively located in the second and third ranks with regards to competitiveness level. On average, zone 4 with a weight of 0.223 in fourth rank and finally zone 3, with a weight of 0.99, in fifth rank showed low level of competitiveness.

Teleconnection is one of the features of the climate on a global scale. Teleconnection patterns represent large changes that occur in the pattern of atmospheric waves and tornadoes and affect the pattern of temperature, precipitation, the direction of showers and the position and intensity of tornadoes in large areas.   

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of these patterns on temperature series in Zahedan.

In this regard, minimum temperature, maximum and average temperature statistics of Zahedan station during the period of 1987-2019 on a monthly scale as well as standardized data of teleconnection patterns during the mentioned period, were used. Pearson correlation and multivariate regression tests were used in this regard.

Geographical Context: 

The geographical territory studied in this research is the city of Zahedan.

The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between teleconnection patterns and the average temperature of Zahedan. Among these, NTA, AMO and TNA patterns had the greatest effect on the average temperature of Zahedan. The correlations were direct, and only the NAO pattern was inversely correlated. The maximum and minimum temperatures of Zahedan also showed the highest correlation with the patterns located in the North Atlas. The maximum temperatures in March and October and the minimum temperatures in March and August had the highest correlation with the North Atlantic patterns.  

In general, it can be said that the patterns located in the North Atlas, more than other patterns, have affected the temperature series of Zahedan and especially its average temperature.

Rainfall is the most important phenomenon or feature of the environment and so far many studies have been done about its causes. In any place, rainfall occurs when humid air and climbing cause are provided. Both of these conditions are provided by the circulation pattern. The study area is affected by some severe and sudden weather phenomena such as low annual rainfall, short rainfall period and rainfall in the form of heavy showers. Thus, it is possible that the limited and pervasive precipitation of the area is due to a different synoptic pattern. Because the relationship between circulation patterns and precipitation is significant, achieving acceptable results in the field of the relationship between these patterns with the limit and total rainfall of the studying area requires the analysis of synoptic maps. Therefore, the most important purpose of the present study is the synoptic analysis of heavy cloud rainfall of the studying area on Day 1398. Two sets of data were required for this study: A: Daily precipitation data of study stations on the day of heavy cloud rainfall on 21 Day (January 11, 2020) along with daily precipitation data in the days before the flood (96 hours before the flood) which was received from the main Meteorological Organization of the country. B: atmosphere data levels including: sea level (SLP), 850 and 500 hPa levels, vertical atmospheric velocity and wind flow levels of 1000, 850 and 500 hPa, specific humidity of 1000 and 700 hPa levels and 250 hPa surface flow winds for study days from the US National Center for Environmental Forecasting / National Atmospheric Research Center (NCEP/NCAR) were provided in the range of 0 to 60 degrees at north latitude and 0 to 80 degrees at east longitude, and finally, maps were drawn and prepared in Gardes software to provide the ability to interpret. The synoptic analysis of sea level showed that: on the day of the heavy cloud, a low-height closed center with a central core of 1,010 hPa in the northeast-southwest direction covered the entire study area. Then, the high-height with a central core equal to 1030 hPa is located at northwest of Iran, northwest of Europe and on Tibet. According to the location of high-pressure dams around Iran and the location of low-pressure centers on the study area and water resources in the south, a strong pressure has been created. Subsequently, with height increasing, low-height with central core equal to 1440 geopotential meters is located at northeast-southwest direction of entire study area. And the low height of northern Russia extends to the Persian Gulf and provides the conditions for severe ascent and instability in a very large area. The rear dams of Nave transferred the cold air of the high latitudes into the bottom of the Nave located on the study area and have intensified the instability. Also, the geopotential height of 500 hPa level of deep descent is located at the northeast-southwest direction of Iran and core of the Nave covers the Persian Gulf completely, that is the study area in the best condition and in front of the Nave, which is diverged by hot and humid weather. This deepening of the rotation and the penetration of the Nave to the lower latitudes caused the cold air to fall. The analysis of the 250-hectopascal-level flow-wind shows that the flow-wind with a core speed of 65 meters per second has covered the entire study area by crossing above the Persian Gulf, and compared to the previous days, the flow-wind is completely meridional. Synoptic analysis of the vertical velocity at the level of 1000 hPa shows that the maximum negative omega -0.2 to -0.15 Pascal per second in the northwest-southeast direction has covered the study area. The presence of negative omega index values ​​indicates the role of convection in intensifying precipitation in mentioned area and the dynamic ascent of air. The study map shows that compared to other countries in the study map, the maximum of negative omega is located on Iran, which is reduced along to the west of Iran. With increasing altitude, the maximum negative omega has increased to -0.3 Pascal per second and the core of the maximum negative omega is completely located on the study stations (Zahedan and Qeshm). Then, at the level of 500 hPa, the maximum negative omega has reached -0.6 Pascal per second and its value has doubled compared to the level of 850 hPa, which covers the northeast-southwest direction from Zahedan to the Strait of Hormuz. Cold air fall has increased with increasing of omega levels in the middle levels of the atmosphere.In other words, in the middle levels of the atmosphere, with increasing temperature difference between the earth's surface and the level of 500 hPa, the amount of precipitation has increased. Synoptic analysis of specific moisture level of 1000 hPa shows that the most moisture deposition was from south water sources to the study area, and the amount of moisture equal to 14 grams per kilogram has entered the study area from the Oman Sea and then its amount has been reduced crossing to other regions of Iran. Furthermore, at the level of 700 hPa, the maximum advection of hot and humid air is in front of the upper atmosphere of Nave from the Red Sea over the study area. There is a moisture strip from the southeast to the whole area under analysis. These suitable humidity conditions with the depth of the western wave have been able to cause heavy cloud rainfall. The maximum amount of moisture in the study area is equal to 7 grams per kilogram, which is a large amount compared to heavy rainfalls.

In this article, the aim is to Recognition the features of the entrances of Pahlavi period buildings in Zahedan and then prioritize these features. The research method is descriptive-analytical and quantitative-qualitative. Data collection in the first stage is through content analysis method based on images and researcher observations of 8 buildings in the city. In the second stage, building features were prioritized through a questionnaire tool and using AHP method. The number of experts to weigh the criteria was 10 people. The result of the research shows that the architectural style of the 8 buildings studied is the traditional architectural style; A study of the typology of the entrance of the building based on the facade decorations shows that the decorations are based on the traditional architectural style and most of the designs, shapes and inscriptions on the entrance of the building include brickwork, use of simple designs and shapes. In fact, the use of bricks and materials compatible with the climate of the region with simple designs and in many cases without designs on the entrances, is the dominant species. Therefore, the predominant type of buildings at the entrance of Zahedan city is of traditional architecture and in a simple way and decorations are also based on bricks. The result of AHP method showed that simple, truncated, snake and vein decorations weighing 0.282 are known as the most important decorative features of the entrance of the building in Zahedan. The use of simple brick inscriptions weighing 0.181 is also in the second place in terms of importance in terms of decorations on the entrance of the building.

Comprehensive urban plans are prepared for the balanced physical development of cities, whereas these plans face many problems and usually fail to achieve their goals. This study aimed to study of land use pattern realization and its relationship with the city growth of Zahedan.

This study was carried out on 2022 in Zahedan. The list of indicators affecting the city was growth prepared using expert opinions and determining the coefficient of criteria in Expert choice software. The opinions of 18 experts were used using targeted sampling. The urban growth in 1991-2022 was investigated by overlapping effective indicators and extracting the growth range in the GIS software. The indicators affecting the realization of the land use pattern were prepared by assessing the opinions of the same experts, and the importance and weight coefficients of each were calculated through the AHP and ANP models, respectively. The final evaluation of the land use pattern was conducted in the BSC Designer software. Forecasting the growth trend of the city area until 1450 was assessed using spatial data analysis in ArcGIS through SLEUTH model.

Physical (49.28%) and social dimensions (32.26%) have the most and least development in the land use pattern of Zahedan. The land use pattern of Zahedan was in an average level (41.86%). According to the SLEUTH model, Zahedan city is developed on the basis of organic growth according the tendency towards the road, and the future growth of the city will be internal on the sides of the existing fabric.

The master plan of Zahedan city was realized less than 50%. This can be seen as a result of the lack of required legal tools and the financial capacity of the municipality.

Accelerated growth of urban population, environmental pollution has been challenging for many managers and urban planners. Among these, how to collect and transport waste and recycle it in suburban areas calls for special attention. Public participation as a solution can have many positive economic and environmental effects. Participation in the waste management process by reducing the production and waste segregation as one of the most efficient and economical processing methods today in most countries around the world. Residents have a very influential role in the success of this approach. In this regard, the aim of the present study is analysis of the role of participation in waste management in urban peripheral areas of Zahedan. 

This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of nature and method of research is a survey. The data required for the research were collected by documents and field study method (questionnaire and observation). The statistical population of the present study includes residents of urban peripheral (including 5 villages on the outskirts of Zahedan) (Gavadaran, Siadak, Mohammadabad Abedzadeh, Hajiabad and Mohammadabad), with a population of 2460 people. 332 people were determined for sample group using Cochran's formula and error level of 0.5. SPSS (Pearson and regression tests) and PUA model were used to analyze the obtained data. 

The results of ranking the indicators showed different aspects of participation including participation in decision-making (participation in presenting waste separation programs from the source), manual participation (participation in informing about environmental problems and preserving the environment), and financial participation (delivery of separate waste for free) are in priority. The results of Pearson correlation coefficient values between the dimensions of participation (decision-making, manual and financial) and waste management of urban peripheral areas, showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between all independent variables (participation aspects) with waste management of urban peripheral areas of Zahedan at 99% confidence level. Also, the results of regression analysis showed that participation in waste management is effective in this area. 

The results showed that urban waste management, through education, telecommunications, etc., can play an important role in the development of public participation in all dimensions (decision-making, manual and financial).

The Smart City According to the latest theories of urban management, it is a city based on information and communication technology to best serve citizens.Therefore, the research has analyzed the indicators of smart city in Zahedan city.The type of research is applied and based on descriptive-analytical approaches. Library and field methods have been used to collect information.The statistical population of the study was based on the 2016 census of citizens of Zahedan(587730 people) and the sample size using Cochran's method was 384 people with a reliability of 0.894. Data analysis was performed using one-sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance and multiple regression analysis in SPSS and mapping was performed using ARCGIS capabilities. One-sample t-test results show that among the indicators examined in Zahedan, the smart people index with an average of 2.96 had the highest score and the smart governance index with an average of 2.56 had the lowest score, which is lower than the desired level (3).ANOVA test results showed that the indices smart city and five districts in the city of Zahedan except in from the smart environmental index, there is a significant relationship.The results of multiple regression analysis showed that among the indicators and the implementation of smart city smart city there is a significant relationship, In this regard, the smart mobility index with a beta value of 0.236 has the highest impact and the smart people index with a beta value of 0.209 has the least effect on the realization of the smart city in Zahedan.

Paying attention to the diversity of urban environment is very important for creating an identity, maintaining the attractiveness, vitality and flexibility of the urban environment. This study aimed to investigate the effective variables in the urban environment quality emphasising the diversity in the Rasouli crossroads market in Zahedan.

In this study, the list of effective variables on the urban environment quality was presented by a comprehensive model using a qualitative content analysis method. Then, using a questionnaire, different dimensions of urban environment quality with emphasis on diversity criteria were evaluated. Data were analyzed using one-sample T-test through SPSS 26 software. The impact factor of each dimension as an independent variable on the dependent variable of urban environment quality was investigated through a structural equation model of multicritria regression by SPSS and Lisrel softwares.

Economic (0.221), perceptual-mental (1.23), socio-cultural (1.20) and functional (0.99) dimensions of Rasouli crossroads market had the highest impact on the diversity of Zahedan urban environment, respectively. The components of the diversity of guilds, the reasonable price of goods and the appropriateness of market guilds for all age groups and the possibility of more social interaction with others were ranked higher. Environmental (0.72) and physical-spatial dimensions (0.98) also had the lowest impact coefficients.

Physical diversity is a necessary condition for improving the quality of the urban environment, because it can provide a suitable space for the presence of people. Consequently, it is necessary to provide facilities in order to improve the environmental dimensions in these conditions. Due to the multiple interactions between the proposed indicators, improving the physical and environmental dimensions of the neighborhood should be considered by city officials and planners.

Sustainability is one of the new approaches defined in the system of urban studies that is fully in line with sustainable development. Indeed, the biodiversity approach focuses on the overall health of an urban system. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze and explain the correlation pattern between dimensions and indicators of viability in Zahedan. The qualitative and quantitative methods as well as applied research, software such as LISREL, SPSS, and factor analysis were used to analyze the obtained data. The results of the Kayser-Meier and Walkin (KMO) criterion showed that with a significance level of less than 0.05, factor analysis is significant to identify the structure and factor model. The results of LISREL software show a good proportion of data biodiversity dimensions. The second-order factor analysis also showed, that all factor loadings are meaningful and support the indicators and components well. The results of the study showed a correlation matrix of viability, the viability of the highest correlation between the size of the urban environment and urban infrastructure facilities, and a correlation coefficient of 0.81. It can also be concluded that the correlation coefficient between the components is of a high significance level of 0.000.