جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « فضاهای عمومی » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

Imagining space without content and social relations and on the other hand, it is difficult to understand and imagine a society without spatial components and relationships. the public domain provides the formation and fulfillment of civil society and the urban space is the physical manifestation of the public domain.

the current research seeks to analyze the effect of the activity-performance system on the formation of behavioral centers in the area of the Sabzehmeydan sidewalk in Zanjan City as a public space.

the method of research is descriptive-analytical based on field survey. the statistical population of the current research is passerby citizens and businesses who were present for different purposes. According to Cochran's formula and with simple random sampling method, 340 people were questioned as a sample. In order to determine the behavioral centers of people, four types of patterns observed on pedestrians were adopted and the observations were taken at a specific time in the morning and evening between men and women. The indicators of activity-performance system are ranked in four different layers based on Vicor's decision-making technique.

The findings showed that all four layers have different functional activity systems. The social logic of the space showed that the fourth part, SabzehMeydan footpath, is more susceptible than other parts of the area in terms of the activity-functional system of the behavioral centers, and in the space produced and preceded by history, before it is socialized, through the networks A different presence is socializing.

the factor of time alone may be able to produce island behavioral centers such as peddling in front of the Jame Mosque during prayers, but the occurrence of forced behaviors cannot be the factor that shapes the behavioral centers and by creating a two-way relationship with Other capabilities and attraction of optional activities are effective and are an intervening factor for the production of behavioral centers.

Today, public spaces in cities are more than ever the scene of the presence and manifestation of the collective and daily life of citizens, for this reason these spaces play a significant role in the mental health of citizens. The main purpose of this article is to investigate the role of public spaces in the mental health of citizens of Region 2 of Kermanshah Municipality. This article is based on the purpose of applied research and based on the nature of a descriptive and analytical research. Library method and questionnaire tool were used to collect data. For this purpose, 384 citizens of the 2nd region of Kermanshah were selected as a statistical population using Cochran's formula, and questionnaires were distributed among them by a simple random method and information was collected. The results of the research showed that women's mental health in public spaces is at a higher level than men's, but there is no significant difference in mental health between single and married people, but there is a significant difference in mental health between owners and tenants. and people who own their own residential houses have better mental health than renters. Also, the results of examining the indicators of public spaces and the level of mental health using the Pearson correlation test indicate that the correlation between urban public spaces and the mental health of citizens is at a significant level of 0.001, the correlation coefficient is equal to 0.183, which indicates that the relationship There is a strong relationship between the components of public spaces and the level of mental health of citizens

In developed countries that have a rich cultural heritage, preservation and restoration of valuable historical context in the framework of its spatial management and the development of public spaces is still an important area and a permanent link to success. From this point of view, valuable historical contexts are considered as special and opportunity-creating places in terms of physical, social, cultural components and the people of the city. Based on this, the purpose of the research is to analyze the performance of the urban public space in the valuable historical context of the 12th district of Tehran.According to the nature of the subject and its general purpose, the present research method is descriptive and analytical and it was conducted in the 12th district of Tehran metropolis with the help of a questionnaire on the number of 50 people. The components have been evaluated in 3 cultural, physical and social sections and in the form of 20 variables. Pearson, t and regression tests have been used to measure the impact of public space and historical context.The findings show that one unit of change in the standard deviation of cultural actions and the dynamics of native and local life causes the standard deviation of the dependent variable (public space of historical context) to change by 81 and 70 percent. While a unit change in the standard deviation of the activity pattern only causes the standard deviation of the dependent variable to change by 24%.The results show that the social component has a better status than the physical and cultural components. In other words, the variables of cultural actions and the dynamics of native and local life have a far greater contribution compared to other variables.

The purpose of this research is to investigate and analyze the role of public spaces in the social sustainability of Sardasht city. The method was documentary-analytical and survey and the samples were selected using simple random sampling method. Findings were analyzed according to the users’ of public spaces opinions and by using SPSS ver.19.0 and Arc GIS ver.10.1 software. The results show that, furniture and safety facilities are moderate and low. Also from all the studied items; Sociability, activity and functionality, beauty and comfort and accessibility, respectively, quarters of Gerda Soor with (0.73), Sooy Barda Ghooch (0.62), Gerda Soor (0.81) and Gerda Soor and three-way Marghan (0.100) have the most deprivation and the quarters of Sarchaveh (0.98), Sarchaveh (0.93), Farhangian (0.96) and Ashan with (0.100) have the highest development. The results of correlation coefficient also show that the limitation of women's presence in public spaces with a coefficient of -0.163 and environmental pollution with a coefficient of -0.361 have a negative and inverse relationship and indicators related to the facilities of spaces, responsibility, sense of belonging, participation, security and social interaction have a direct and positive correlation coefficient.

Since the 1980s, urban spaces have become a place for the role of capital and capitalist systems, and it has somehow affected various aspects of human life. This influence, influenced by the power of capital and its fluid nature, has caused the geographical spaces of the city to be increasingly affected by the functioning of the capitalist system, in the last few decades, it has attracted the attention of a diverse range of researchers active in the field of urban studies. One of the areas of the city that has been particularly affected by the capitalist system is the public spaces of the city. Until the 1980s, a major part of the function and costs of the city's public spaces depended on the governments, which considered themselves obliged to provide free urban services, but with the spread of the conservative approach to political economy, which made the governments seek to reduce their public costs. be, the opportunity arose for capital and capital owners to control and manage the public spaces of the city. This research, with a critical attitude and using the library-document method, aims to examine the effect of capital on the public spaces of the city. The findings of this research show that the public spaces of the city, which used to be a place for social and civic actions, are transforming their identity under the influence of the spatial function of capital in controlling public spaces, and this has made these public spaces more than public functions. They are taken out and become places that provide profit for capital owners.

The absence of an evaluation mechanism in the planning system has caused, after the implementation of the plans and projects for the reconstruction of the ancient cultural-historical contexts, no effort to be made to evaluate such programs, and the consequences of these plans should be addressed and addressed. The current research aims to measure and evaluate the cultural-social regeneration project of public spaces with the approach of improving the environmental quality and identity of neighborhoods in the historical walkways of Kashan city. The research method is descriptive-analytical and survey, and structural equations and sample t-test were exerted to analyze the data. The results of the t-test exam showed that the status of neighborhood authenticity, sense of belonging, and aesthetics indicators in the studied area are unfavorable and below the average level of quality. The evaluation of each indicator of social interactions, livability, and security of the neighborhoods showed that the indicators are in a semi-optimal state. Also, the results of the second-order factor model showed that giving importance to the regeneration index in the studied neighborhoods increased the security index to 0.98, the sense of belonging index to 0.94, the livability index to 0.74, the neighborhood authenticity index to 0.49, the social interactions index to 0.44, and the aesthetic index to 0.34. Therefore, today, one-dimensional importance to urban regeneration projects in neighborhoods cannot alone lead to success in urban spaces. A coherent, continuous, and desirable structure should always be considered from all physical-visual, functional, perceptual, semantic, and environmental dimensions. The needs of citizens are prioritized.

Passive defense, which is a new approach in urban crisis planning, its nature is based on reducing the effects of the crisis using civilian methods. In this regard, observing the principles of passive defense against threats is one of the most basic principles in order to achieve the desired standards of urban comfort, and in principle, attention to passive defense of cities against external threats has always been considered since the beginning of cities. One of the main elements in the city that is very important in the discussion of passive defense management, especially in the post-crisis period, is urban public spaces. The aim of this study was to identify the causal model of urban public spaces with passive defense approach. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The statistical population of this study consisted of experts. Experts were selected by snowball method from among university professors and active researchers. The statistical sample size of the research is 25 urban planning experts and specialists. In order to achieve the research goal, fuzzy dimethyl technique was used. Findings of the study showed that based on D-R values, among the ten criteria identified, the criterion of access to main thoroughfares with a value of (1.034) was the most effective criterion for locating urban public spaces with a passive defense approach. Also, based on D + R values, the building density criterion with a value of 2.908 was identified as the most important criterion. Among the other results of this study, according to the obtained D-R values, among the ten criteria examined, six criteria were considered in the cause group and four criteria in the disabled group.Passive defense, which is a new approach in urban crisis planning, its nature is based on reducing the effects of the crisis using civilian methods. In this regard, observing the principles of passive defense against threats is one of the most basic principles in order to achieve the desired standards of urban comfort, and in principle, attention to passive defense of cities against external threats has always been considered since the beginning of cities. One of the main elements in the city that is very important in the discussion of passive defense management, especially in the post-crisis period, is urban public spaces. The aim of this study was to identify the causal model of urban public spaces with passive defense approach. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The statistical population of this study consisted of experts. Experts were selected by snowball method from among university professors and active researchers. The statistical sample size of the research is 25 urban planning experts and specialists. In order to achieve the research goal, fuzzy dimethyl technique was used. Findings of the study showed that based on D-R values, among the ten criteria identified, the criterion of access to main thoroughfares with a value of (1.034) was the most effective criterion for locating urban public spaces with a passive defense approach. Also, based on D + R values, the building density criterion with a value of 2.908 was identified as the most important criterion. Among the other results of this study, according to the obtained D-R values, among the ten criteria examined, six criteria were considered in the cause group and four criteria in the disabled group.Passive defense, which is a new approach in urban crisis planning, its nature is based on reducing the effects of the crisis using civilian methods. In this regard, observing the principles of passive defense against threats is one of the most basic principles in order to achieve the desired standards of urban comfort, and in principle, attention to passive defense of cities against external threats has always been considered since the beginning of cities. One of the main elements in the city that is very important in the discussion of passive defense management, especially in the post-crisis period, is urban public spaces. The aim of this study was to identify the causal model of urban public spaces with passive defense approach. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The statistical population of this study consisted of experts. Experts were selected by snowball method from among university professors and active researchers. The statistical sample size of the research is 25 urban planning experts and specialists. In order to achieve the research goal, fuzzy dimethyl technique was used. Findings of the study showed that based on D-R values, among the ten criteria identified, the criterion of access to main thoroughfares with a value of (1.034) was the most effective criterion for locating urban public spaces with a passive defense approach. Also, based on D + R values, the building density criterion with a value of 2.908 was identified as the most important criterion. Among the other results of this study, according to the obtained D-R values, among the ten criteria examined, six criteria were considered in the cause group and four criteria in the disabled group.

Creative city is a city where new activities take place and people work together responsibly and creatively and with collective thinking to solve problems and improve living conditions and environmental qualities of the city. The aim of this article is to investigate ways to improve the quality of public spaces in the city of Lar with a creative city approach; also the factors affecting the quality of public spaces in this city have examined. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature. Theoretical foundations and effective indicators in improving the quality of public spaces in the city have been examined through the review of scientific scholar, and the quality of urban spaces through public opinion survey. The statistical population is residents of 15 years and older in Lar city, sample size achieved using Cochran's formula, which is equal 381 people. The results show that the quality of public spaces in city of Lar is not appropriate according to the indicators of urban creativity in both components of site selection and design component with an average of 2.89, and the quality management and planning component of public spaces with an average of 3.13. Based on the factor analysis, the most important factors affecting the quality of public spaces in Lar are the sense of belonging and appropriateness, beauty and design, vitality and social interaction, access and a sense of vitality and adaptation of spaces. The most effective strategies in improving the quality of public spaces to enforce creativity are to use the spirit of citizen participation to solve the problems of urban spaces and maintain public spaces and improve sports activity, cultural and artistic activities and interaction with university centers.

 Problem Statement: 

"The dynamics of a city as a living being" depends on vitality and hilarity. Creating and promoting vitality in an urban space requires that the characteristics of the space meet the needs of citizens as this can increase their continued presence and life qualities.

Urban parks as one of the important elements of public spaces play an important role in providing citizens' leisure times. The existence of vitality in these spaces causes attraction of more population and promotes social interactions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the vitality situation in Ata Coastal Park in Miandoab.

This research was done from the perspective of purpose in terms of nature and based on a descriptive-analytical method. The required data were collected using a documentary and field method.

Analysis of vitality indices in the coastal park of Miandoab indicated the average status of this park in terms of urban vitality indices. According to the findings of this study, the criteria of perceptual-sensory and social interactions played an important role in the vitality and happiness of the citizens of Miandoab in Ata Park. Such features caused formation of a significant and positive relationship between the visitors’ demographic characteristics and the park vitality. However, there was considerable dissatisfaction with the quantity and quality of recreational facilities, as well as the safety of sports facilities and the park space.

The low quality of life in rural areas and, as a result, the migration of rural people to cities has led to numerous social, economic and environmental problems in rural areas and in cities. Accordingly, the aim is to identify the relationship between the vitality of the villagers and the existence of rural public spaces; Investigating the necessity of forming and paying attention to public spaces in villages and identifying the relationship and effect between the existence of rural public spaces and the mental quality of life of villagers. The research method is descriptive-analytical and applied. Library and survey studies have been used to collect information. The statistical population of the study includes 9 villages of Binaloud County. In order to estimate the sample size in rural households, 190 people were obtained from Cochran sampling method with an error level of 7% according to the share of rural population. The collected data were statistically analyzed by SPSS and GIS software and one-sample t-test, regression test and Pearson correlation test were used to prove and disprove the hypotheses. Findings showed that there is a significant and positive relationship between the role of public spaces in improving the quality of life of villagers in the sample villages. However, according to the villagers, the vitality level of rural public spaces in general with an average of 2.49 and quality of life with an average of 2.45 is low in the sample villages and in the villages of Upper Abareh, Virani and Jagharq, the vitality of public spaces and Jagharq, Zoshk and Dehnov villages, the mental quality of life has the highest level. The study of the effect of vitality indices in rural public spaces showed that 39% of the changes in the mental quality of life in the sample villages depend on the vitality indices in rural public spaces. The social vitality index (with an impact factor of 0.292) also has the greatest impact.

In this research, by evaluating the dimensions of the realization of the elderly-friendly city, the neighborhoods of District 3 of Karaj metropolis are examined. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. In this study to analyze data from inferential methods; Single sample t test; ANOVA and post hoc test were used. Based on the findings of t-test, the overall index of the elderly-friendly city in the study area with an average of 3.47 and a t-statistic of -70.701 is lower than the theoretical average or numerical desirability of the test (3.5). In general, there is no acceptable assessment from the citizens' point of view. But among the dimensions of dimensions, it can be said that the dimensions of transportation and access (4.15) and social respect and acceptance (3.71) have had an acceptable status. But from the residents' point of view, the dimensions of open spaces and buildings (3.39), housing (3.06) and social participation (3.04) had the weakest situation. The results of post hoc test show that the evaluation of dimensions is not the same and there is a significant difference in the level of neighborhoods. Among these, the dimension of transportation and access with the value of F, 21.01 has the most differences and it can be said that in the dimension of social participation, the difference between the realization of an elderly friendly city in the studied areas is more than other dimensions. After that, the dimension of social respect and acceptance with the value of F, 17.03, open spaces and buildings with the statistic of 14.32, housing with the statistic of 11.03 and social participation with the statistic of 9.36 are in the next ranks.

In recent decades, the growth of urbanization and attention only to physical requirements and lack of attention to public spaces that are a platform for communication between people and play an important role in the vitality of cities, has caused problems in the psychological and social needs of citizens. Given that the number of urban communities is increasing and in appearance these communities are similar to the city, the lack of elements related to the psyche of users, has had a great impact on the lack of sense of belonging and public participation of citizens. This study was conducted with the aim of principles and criteria for designing urban public spaces with the approach of strengthening the social interactions of space users (case study of Kianpars Coastal Park; descriptive-analytical research method, to analyze the findings first descriptive data through software SPSS entered, then Spearman test was used. Results Based on the value of Spearman correlation, for the first hypothesis, the value of Spearman correlation between the two variables of strengthening the physical dimension criteria on the creation of collective life in public space (0.098) and significance level (0.026 For the second hypothesis, the value of Spearman correlation between the two variables is the strengthening of social dimension criteria and the increase of social interactions (0.095) and the level of significance (0.028). Social life has become possible. These factors can be expanded and the experience of creating this green way can be used to create similar desirable spaces in other parts of the city and other cities.

When using the capacities of urban rivers, attention should be paid to maintaining the balance between the ecological capacity of the river, the interests of economic stakeholders and the needs of different social groups. The present study investigated the environmental effects of recreational activities along the river in Babolsar. Since most of these functions are located in the riverbed and have become an integral element of the ecosystem and its landscape, questions arise about their effects on the environment and the quality of use of public spaces along the river. Some questions include: What are the effects of exploiting the space capacities along the river in the form of existing recreational functions on the environment and the landscape of the river bank? And, in response to these effects, what range of users' needs do they meet? Or, what effect do these recreational activities have on the quality of citizens' use of other public spaces along the river? This research has tried to answer such questions through field observations and analysis of findings with the help of statistical tests. Findings show that hospitality and recreational uses along the river, despite the adverse impact on the river ecology, have not been able to provide a desirable and safe public space for some users and stakeholders, including youth, women and children. In addition, by being located in the river and destroying its landscape, they have even had a negative impact on the use of public spaces along the river.

Urban health planning is a relatively new term coined today by those urban and regional planners who have always sought to link the urban environment with the physical and mental health of urban dwellers. The aim of this study is to analyze the structure of a health-oriented city in improving the public spaces of District One of Tehran. The purpose of this research is applied research in terms of descriptive-analytical method. The analysis of research data was done in two ways, first using descriptive statistical techniques and second using inferential statistical techniques (T-Test and Fisher Test).

Today, public spaces in cities are shaped by the standards and needs of adults. And these spaces often lack appropriate and safe standards for children, while measures such as the creation of the World Convention on the Rights of the Child, the project of child-friendly cities are underway. The aim of this study was to investigate the socio-cultural indicators affecting the presence of children in public spaces outside the service area of Shandiz Municipality. The statistical population of this study is children aged 0-14 years old living in Shandiz city based on the 2016 population and housing census and their parents. Using the Cochran's formula, the completed sample size of 350 children-parents were interviewed. This research is of applied type and its method is descriptive-analytical and non-parametric statistical methods have been used to measure and analyze the questionnaires using SPSS software. The results show that the value of correlation coefficient for the three factors of participation, security of social order is equal to 0.201, 0.247 and 0.116, respectively. Therefore, the quality of the above socio-cultural indicators is directly related to the presence of children in public spaces, which according to the citizens of public spaces in Shandiz, have a low and very low level of security, social order and participation in programs.

Security is the most fundamental need of human being and its provision is one of the preconditions to attain better spiritual life. Shiraz due to many different factors such as cultural diversity is facing serious security problems. These problems are embedded in physical, socio-economic status of the city. In this article the impacts of environmental elements on the sense of security is studied in public space. The methodology of the research is based on descriptive-analytical approach which was accompanied by conducting a field work tom complete the questionnaires and the samples were dispatched using random method which 386 samples The model of path analysis was used to determine the influential factors on the level of satisfaction in public space and by using the applied software of EQS the direct and indirect impacts of independent variables on the depended variable were analyzed. The results of research showed that the highest impact which influenced directly on depended variable belonged to informative elements such as light, gender, accessibility to transport. In general, the impact of gender and informative elements with the score of 0.311 and 0.258 showed greater influence respectively. The variables of congestion and form with sum score of 0.02 and 0.06 had the lowest influence on sense of security respectively. Therefore the structural equitation indicated that the level of sense of place could be predicted by accessing the standard score relevant to influential environmental factors on security.

Today, the necessity and importance of dealing with women issue is due to the fact that women form half of the population of the cities, as a fact if the security of women is provided, the rate of women's use of public space in urban parks will increase. On the other hand, the lack of security and satisfaction with urban parks makes that women leave these spaces. The aim of this paper is to study the rate of security in different parks and the impact of physical-environmental facilities and public space services on the women’s sense of security. The research method is descriptive-analytical and a questionnaire is used to collect the data. The statistical population involves all the women using the public spaces of Tabriz city and the sample size includes 320 women. The results of the study show that there is a significant difference between the senses of security in different parks. The results of Tukey test indicate that women's sense of security in a neighborhood and regional parks is significantly lower than the roadside, and outside of the city parks.Also, The Pearson correlation analysis also show that there is a significant positive relationship between women's sense of security and environmental quality (p=0.001, r=0.43). Other results indicate relatively good condition for women's security in the parks of Tabriz (mean=3.44; Sig= 0.001).