جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « کارآفرینی روستایی » در نشریات گروه « کشاورزی »

Analysis of the Effect of Improving the Business Environment on Agricultural Entrepreneurship with the Mediating Role of Marketing CapabilityAbstractAny policy in the context of improving the business space, especially at the start-up stage, can play an important role in rural entrepreneurship. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of improving the business space on rural entrepreneurship with the mediating role of marketing capability. The type of research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of the nature of the working method. The statistical population of the research included 89208 members in 81 rural cooperative companies of Ardabil province. The sample size was determined using the Krejci-Morgan table to the number of 384 people and the samples were selected by random sampling. Validity was checked and confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis and reliability by Cronbach's alpha. Structural equation modeling method was used to analyze the hypotheses. Data were analyzed using SPSS and SmartPLS software. Based on the findings of the research, improving the business space has a positive and significant effect on rural entrepreneurship. Marketing capability also plays a mediating role between improving the business space and rural entrepreneurship. Based on the results of this research, entrepreneurs should pay special attention to the importance of marketing capabilities and the demands and suggestions of customers in the success of their business. Also, to start their own business, they should consider the conditions of the business space from different dimensions.

The development of rural entrepreneurship is the key to solving various problems in the country's rural communities, including unemployment, poverty, food insecurity, migration, social anomalies, etc. The study aimed at investigating the focal correlation between entrepreneurship indicators (X variables including success, …) on sustainable rural development (Y variables including social sustainability, economic sustainability…) in rural areas west of Urmia Lake (in 2020-2021) to determine the variability between the two sets of variables. The statistical population of the study includes all households living on the western shore of Urmia Lake (N = 17738), of which 374 sample (households) were selected using Cochran's formula and multi-stage stratified sampling with proportional assignment. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed using face validity and Cronbach's alpha coefficient (Between 0.703 and 0.836). In this research, in order to investigate the objectives of the study, Canonical Correlation Analysisand Spearman's correlation coefficient were performed using SPSS software. The results of Canonical Correlation Analysis showed that there is a good linear combination between the set of focal variables of rural entrepreneurship indicators and the components of sustainable rural development in the studied areas. Also, the canonical correlation analysis of two significant sets showed that creativity (0.833) and self-confidence (0.898) have a significant relationship with economic stability (0.835) and physical stability (0.982). In other words, it can be concluded that by improving the situation of factors affecting the development of entrepreneurship in rural areas, we can see sustainable rural development. Therefore, it can be suggested to increase skills such as self-reliance, self-confidence, creativity, responsibility, etc. among the villagers through holding various training classes.

Despite the importance of developing rural entrepreneurship, reports indicate insufficient development of rural entrepreneurship. Therefore, the present research has analyzes the effective mechanisms on the development of rural entrepreneurship in Zirkouh county. The study population included people who used employment loans (840 people). The sample size was determined using G*Power software (215 people). was used to select the samples. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed through Cronbach's alpha and content validity analysis based on the opinion of the professors of the Department of Agricultural Management and Development of Tehran University and the experts of the Agricultural Jihad of Zirkoh county. Descriptive statistics and confirmatory factor analysis were used for data analysis (using Smart PLS software V.3). The results showed that among the various components that indicate the development of entrepreneurship, the sub-components of the educational system with the path coefficient (0.921), market (0.809), infrastructures (0.753), and cultural factors (0.691); and finally, laws and policies (0.678) are respectively the most important. The findings also showed that among the various mechanisms for the development of rural entrepreneurship, legal and political mechanisms with a path coefficient (0.304) have the greatest effect on the development of entrepreneurship. After these mechanisms there are social (0.226), infrastructure (0.209), economic (0.207) and management (0.171) mechanisms. To develop rural entrepreneurship, it is suggested to use educational methods as well as develop appropriate legal and policy mechanisms to support rural entrepreneurs.

One Village, One Product (OVOP) approach, it empowers a village to produce a competitive and salable product, taking into account its local resources to achieve sales income in the market and the local economy. A community-oriented economic development approach is based on demand and use of regional resources, regional capacity with emphasis on the three basic principles of being local and at the same time thinking globally, self-reliance and creativity and human resource development. The main purpose of this research is to categorize the explanatory components of the establishment of the One Village, One Product (OVOP) strategy for entrepreneurship from the perspective of the villagers in Nahormian village, Zalian district, Shazand county.

The research is of applied type and its statistical population includes 5550 people from the villagers of Nahramian district. Sampling was done by multi-stage random sampling method with proportional assignment and the sample size was determined to be 160 people based on Cochran's formula. The research tool was a questionnaire whose validity (form and content) was confirmed by the experts of the Omid Entrepreneurship Fund, the rural development experts of the Agricultural Jihad and the faculty members of the Department of Geography and Rural Planning of Khorazmi University, and its trust and reliability were done with Cronbach's alpha. In the analytical statistics section, according to the research objectives, the exploratory factor analysis method with spss software was used.

In the field of indicators affecting the establishment of the OVOP strategy for entrepreneurship from the villagers' point of view, "quality of products", "activity with a competitive advantage" and "production at the local level for the global market" are the first priorities and "quality of products", "activity with a competitive advantage" And "local production for the global market", "communication and ICT services", "government support" ,"participation and cooperation in agriculture" have been the last priorities. According to the results of the exploratory factor analysis, the seven factors of innovation and creativity, sales and marketing, comparative advantage and competitiveness, human and social capital, social participation, support-infrastructure and reducing the economic gap were the most important factors explaining the establishment of the OVOP strategy from the perspective of the villagers. The mentioned seven factors were able to explain 68.27% of the total variance of the variables.

OVOP, as a rural development strategy and driver of rural economic development, requires attention to innovative and knowledge-based villages for reducing poverty in rural areas. It is important to pay attention to the goal of proper optimization of local resources and allocation of capital and financial resources to manage local businesses and organize local cooperatives with a self-confidence and creativity approach. On the other hand, encouraging villagers to produce local products and government support for labeling and branding in the product value chain plays an important role in the development of the international market and product export and the development of rural entrepreneurship.

Rural women’s small businesses make huge contributions to the rural development. However, success and survival of these businesses has been a concern. Hence, it is critical to understand the factors influencing success of rural women’s small businesses. The present study examined whether two psychological sources, namely entrepreneurial resilience and empowerment were positively related to the entrepreneurial success of rural women. The statistical population of the study included all rural women entrepreneurs in Sistan region, Iran  (N = 1546). Then, 250 people were selected as the sample using a non-probability convenience sampling procedure. The research instrument was a questionnaire, which its face validity was confirmed by a panel of experts and its reliability was confirmed by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α > 0.74). The results of structural equation modeling showed that entrepreneurial resilience and empowerment were positively and significantly related to the entrepreneurial success of rural women. The results also indicated that empowerment was indirectly related to the entrepreneurial success of rural women through the resilience. Therefore, it is suggested that rural women entrepreneurs’ psychological resources, especially resilience and empowerment be strengthened and developed in order to improve the level of their entrepreneurial success.

Today, villagers face problems such as unemployment, low agricultural productivity, increased migration to cities, and marginalization. Rural tourism can be effective in solving these problems. The purpose of this study is to investigate and identify the challenges of rural tourism from the perspective of rural experts and tourism activists in the Aras Free Zone. To conduct this research, the qualitative method (Thematic Analysis Method) has been used. The sample was purposefully selected by snowball sampling method, which included 24 people. Goba and Lincoln evaluation method was used to ensure the validity and reliability of the research. The collected data were analyzed using MAXQDA software. The results show that villages with tourist attractions in Aras Free Zone face challenges such as social vulnerability, lack of proper policy-making, weak infrastructure, lack of investment, insufficient financial support for tourism business, weak information network, seasonal tourism, inadequate supervision of executive plans, lack of Research, poor security, low participation of villagers and tourism organizations, damage to traditional village architecture and environmental degradation.

The environmental challenges of businesses are one of the most important and worrying issues that currently all societies face. Rural businesses are not only an exception to this rule, but also have a significant position due to the greater connection and dependence of rural communities with the environment and natural resources. Therefore, the present study has assessed and analyzed the green status of rural women businesses. The statistical population included rural women with business in Rey county (246 people) and experts in this field (70 people). The sample size was determined using the Cochran's formula, including 202 rural women and 50 experts. A simple random sampling method was used to select the samples. Data collection tool was two researcher-made questionnaires and in addition to descriptive statistics, indexing method based on weighted average was used to analyze the data. The results of this study showed that the green index for the business of rural women in the study area is 2.77 (out of five) and most businesses are among the relatively to less green business, and only about 17% of businesses are green. In order to develop the green level of the rural women's businesses, it is necessary to support of the entry of young and more educated people in such businesses, supporting handicrafts business-based businesses that are inherently greener, and finally, to improve the green level of current businesses, emphasis should be placed on indicators such as the use of renewable energy, which are currently less considered.

Unemployment, poverty and rural migration are among the current challenges of rural communities. Entrepreneurship development, by create job opportunities and reduce unemployment, can pave the way for reducing poverty and migration of rural youth and achieving sustainable growth and development. In the present era, entrepreneurship, especially in rural areas and creating a suitable environment for its development is one of the tools of economic development of countries, especially developing countries. In this regard, the present research analyzes the challenges of entrepreneurship in the villages of Bahar county and offers solutions that lead to the development of rural entrepreneurship. The statistical population includes rural households living in Bahar county (122254 persons). The studied sample size were 280 persons. Stratified sampling method with proportional assignment based on population size of each rural area was used to select the samples. The required data were collected through researcher-made questionnaire. To analyze data both descriptive and inferential (confirmatory factor analysis based on partial least squares approach using SmartPLS software) methods were used. The results of this study showed that in general, the high production costs including energy and labor (0.368) was the most important challenges of rural entrepreneurship. Also, among the various solutions, economic solutions loans (0.687) include finantial facilities and low-interest and then educational solutions (0.664) such as increasing self-confidence and self-belief, and supportive solutions (0.650) include encouraging and supporting new ideas are respectively among the most effective strategies for entrepreneurship development in Bahar rural areas.

Today, entrepreneurship and rural business development are very important in developing countries. Entrepreneurial ecosystem is also considered as a context for the growth and development of rural businesses. Accordingly, the study is a literature review to analyze the role of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in the development of rural businesses. Despite the efforts made in various fields to develop rural entrepreneurship and business, but in practice, there is no proper growth and sustainability. Because entrepreneurs face many obstacles that result from the inappropriate of the entrepreneurial ecosystem. According to the results, the existence of a comprehensive approach in providing a favorable entrepreneurial ecosystem for the development of rural businesses is very important. On the other hand, regional characteristics, absolute, relative or competitive advantages in a rural area that are effective in business development should not be kept out of mind, Because each rural area, according to its own conditions and potentials, has its own entrepreneurial processes and different from other rural areas. Finally, practical and study suggestions are provided for those involved and researchers in this field.

The need to pay attention to entrepreneurship to maintain economic security of rural areas in rural development programs is very important. Entrepreneurship development can be accelerated through a deep understanding of the entrepreneurial ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to analyze the importance of entrepreneurial ecosystem and identify its role in rural development. The method of this research was based on literature review. The results showed that the development and creation of entrepreneurial ecosystem consists of social, economic and geographical spaces in which entrepreneurs work together in hard and soft support infrastructures to produce and develop new jobs, localization of rural entrepreneurship based on demographic characteristics and environmental conditions prevailing in the rural areas to be achieved. In fact, understanding the entrepreneurial ecosystem facilitates the possibility of educating entrepreneurs, providing entrepreneurial infrastructure, and investing in them. This requires the participation of the rural community, which has a significant relationship with the increase of entrepreneurial activities and economic and social development of rural areas. Undoubtedly, each region should have a different and appropriate entrepreneurial ecosystem based on its social, cultural, economic, political and geographical location, so that entrepreneurial activities can show the best performance. In this regard, policy-making should be based on the specific advantages of each rural area with government facilitation and maximum participation of financial and human capital, support and capacity with a focus on local conditions and reform and development of desirable legal laws and regulations.

In the scientific literature of entrepreneurship, ‘education’ is introduced as a very important tool for increasing entrepreneurial skills. This study aimed at analyzing the impact of technical and vocational training on strengthening the entrepreneurial skills of rural people. For this purpose, a descriptive-analytical methodology was used through document and survey study in the villages of Jovein County of Iran. The statistical population of the study included 100 entrepreneurs who had passed the technical and vocational training courses. Single-sample t-test and regression test were used to analyze the information. The t-test results showed that the technical skills (by a mean of 20/93) were more suitable than other skills; in other words, the respondents were more satisfied with the technical skills in the training courses, which is in line with the missions of the technical and vocational education. The examination results of relationship between the variables showed that there were significant relationships between the duration of training courses, the number of training courses and  the entrepreneurial skills; in other words, increasing the duration and number of training courses would result in enhanced entrepreneurial skills. In addition, the value of the correlation coefficient between the variables (R=0/733) indicated that there was a strong correlation between the set of independent variables and the dependent variable. Therefore, it might be concluded that the technical and vocational trainings were effective in strengthening the technical skills of the rural people interested in participating in these training courses.

The first step in planning for employment and developing entrepreneurial activities in rural areas is to identify job opportunities in these areas. Accordingly, this research study based on the sequential mixed method was carried out to identify and make ranking of rural enterprises across Dezful County. At first, different opportunities for job creation in rural areas was identified; then job selection criteria in rural areas were prioritized using the AHP method. In this section, 22 experts who were purposefully selected from Jihad-e- Keshavarzi Administration, Cooperative, Labor and Social Welfare Office and Dezful’s Agricultural Union Association participated as contributors. At the next phase, rural occupations and enterprises, based on those prioritized job criteria, were ranked using numerical taxonomic method. For this stage, 11 experts who selected purposefully from Jihad-e- Keshavarzi Administration of Dezful County participated. Findings showed that route safety with a weight of 0.224, sufficient income with a weight of 0.137, and the need for professional knowledge and expertise with a weight of 0.109, respectively, were assigned as the important criteria for choosing a job in a rural environment. Also, the results of job classification revealed that production and packaging of vermicomposting obtained an almost optimal grade. The overall results, also, showed that, jobs related to agriculture and associated industries have more potential to develop in rural areas of the study area and in contrast, jobs related to livestock are less likely to develop.

Today, most people, especially in rural areas, are denied access to financial services such as microcredit, whether in the form of facilities or savings. This is if microcredit can boost entrepreneurial incentives among people who are thinking of starting a business in rural areas with potential, such as Radkan County. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to identify the barriers and limitations of using public micro-credit in the development of rural entrepreneurial activities in Radkan village. From the paradigm perspective, this research is considered as a qualitative research and has been carried out with a pathological approach and with the aim of exploration (obstacles and problems of using micro-government credits). In this study, the method of basic theory and the method of qualitative and semi-structured in-depth interviews have been used to collect information and data in 13 studied villages. Therefore, data collection was done first at the library level for theoretical review of the problem and then with unstructured and open interviews. The sample population consisted of 29 rural entrepreneurs from Radkan village and 68 rural people. The collected data were analyzed through content analysis and classified through open coding, central coding, and selective coding. Findings from the research have led to the extraction of the conceptual model of barriers and limitations to the use of microcredit for entrepreneurship. The findings showed that entrepreneurs and rural people due to obstacles and restrictions (economic, social and institutional-administrative) such as: insufficient loan amount, long process of obtaining loans, high interest rates and interest of banks, complexity of administrative and banking affairs and ... They stop taking loans.

Since the main purpose of development is to make an environment where all people can develop their capabilities. And this is only possible with sustainable educational and economic development. It is essential to recognize the influential educational factors in entrepreneurship as one of the flourishing areas of the ability of community members to achieve this goal. The purpose of this study was to investigate the fundamental educational factors in rural tourism entrepreneurship development, which was of, applied type, nature and method was descriptive- survey. The population of the study is Ardel County residents over 20 years. By using Sample power SPSS software, 254 cases were selected according to the purpose of the study and cases study were selected by stratified random sampling. Research tool was a researcher made questionnaire containing 2 components and 45 items and its content and face validity were approved by experts and its reliability was determined 0/84 and 0/87 by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The fs / QCA fuzzy set comparative analysis used for the analysis. The results showed that access to entrepreneurship training centers along with risk-taking training, existence of a working group in training, existence of training on how to start a business and investment, and access to entrepreneurship training centers and resources in this field can lead to tourism entrepreneurship development. So that, Risk education variable is more effective than other variables and plays an important role in all the combinations and paths that affect tourism entrepreneurship development.

The use of e-commerce technology is important in the dynamics of the economy, especially in planning and implementing export processes, as one of the goals of achieving a resilient economy. Accordingly, identifying and analyzing the strategic indicators of the e-commerce model in the export of agricultural products and rural entrepreneurship development has been the main goal of the present study. After conducting library studies and reviewing credible documents and sources, a list of 32 strategic indicators affecting the future of e-commerce in the field of agricultural exports and rural entrepreneurship development was obtained, followed by a questionnaire using The structural analysis method (interaction effect matrix) was designed and evaluated by forming a panel of 14 experts and their consensus on the effectiveness and effectiveness of each factor using MicMac software. The findings showed that 12 indicators of strengthening information security technologies; Development of telecommunication and infrastructure technologies; Adaptability to technological change; General e-commerce skills training; Development of banking and e-economy; Development of students' economics; Facilitate tax and customs laws; Transparency of e-commerce law; Risk management and strategic orientation; Flexibility of the export process; Improving trade and commerce; And the development of conversion and complementary industries has the greatest impact on the future of agricultural exports, with an emphasis on e-commerce.

The purpose of this conceptual paper is to theorize and conceptualize rural entrepreneurship and development from the deconstructive perspective and discourse analysis techniques embedded in Post-Development School. Drawing on the skeptical post-development idea of Aram Ziai, a pioneer in the Post-Development School, it aims to provide a brief rethinking of rural development and entrepreneurship discourse and practice. From Ziai's perspective, the main features of skeptical post-development, in contrast to New-Populist post-development, are: first, criticizing one’s own culture and tradition; second, appropriating modernity based on local dimensions; third, shifting theoretically and practically from ideology to the nature; fourth, analyzing the culture as a social construct rather than as a fundamental and rigid essence or reality; and fifth, focusing on both the internal relations of social power and the international relations of power embedded in structures and organizations of multi-national corporations. Considering the new and multilayered conceptualization of Post-Development School and also owing to its critical essence, the main argument of the paper is that with employing the skeptical post-development components it is possible to transform the traditional strategies. For instance, ‘rural entrepreneurship’ could be replaced with ʽrural prosperityʼ which results in opening new gates to the conceptualization of (rural) development. Embracing and analyzing the new elements of tradition/modernity dichotomy, linguistic aspects, agency, emotions, the notion of power, embodiment, and nature, rural prosperity will be more comprehensive, humanistic, and sustainable than the rural entrepreneurship.

Entrepreneurship activities are an important factor in rural development. In addition, rural entrepreneurship has a growing role in regional development. However, previous researches have only looked at the economic prospects for rural development. On the other hand, identification of business challenges and opportunities for entrepreneurs is of great importance. In this regard, this study aimed at identifying and prioritizing the challenges and opportunities of entrepreneurs in rural areas of South Khorasan province of Iran. The required data were gathered in documentary and survey methods  through library sources, interviews and questionnaire. The statistical population consisted of all rural entrepreneurs residing in Bagheran, Al-Qurat and Shakhen sub-districts of Birjand County. The statistical sample included 30 entrepreneurs and business owners in the studied area in 2018 that were selected in a random sampling method using Cochran formula. Furthermore, the Delphi method was used to identify the challenges and opportunities as well as to analyze the opinions of experts. Based on the results of comparative analysis, the opportunities included rural location, natural environment, competition, social capital and access to communications and infrastructures; in addition, the challenges included government financing, employee integrity, social relationships, market constraints and unskilled labors.

One of the strategies for sustainable development the agricultural sector is business to business collaboration in the form of a cluster that has attracted the attention of the world's scientific communities in recent years. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting development of cluster orchard crops business in Kermanshah province. Research paradigm, is mix-method qualitative – quantitative. The research method used in the qualitative section is the Grounded theory and in quantitative section is AHP. The population of the study included experts Industrial Township, Jihad-e-Agriculture Organization the Kermanshah province. The data collection process continued as the theoretical saturation was reached. The results indicated that 65 concepts were extracted from open coding; concepts were classified in 18 subcategories and 4 classes of cluster conditions, cluster development fields, intervening factors and effective strategies for the development of clusters. To prioritize these components, of AHP was used. The results of this section showed that in the created classes, the components of trust, access to manpower, cluster development and government support and support institutions are in the top priority. The results of this research can be used by rural development planners, experts Jihad-e-Agriculture Organization and Small Industries Organization and Industrial Township.

This study aimed to develop a framework for applying agricultural entrepreneurship education system in rural areas of Ilam province. The methodology of the study was quantitative and qualitative. In the first phase, based on the viewpoint of 9 participants in the focus group, the framework of entrepreneurship education components was identified. In the second phase, with the participation of 15 experts and experts, using the Delphi method, the components and sub-components of the entrepreneurship education system were extracted and formulated in three rounds. In the third step, the components and sub-components of the entrepreneurial education system were ranked using the AHP method. The statistical sample comprises 15 of the knowledgeable experts and specialists in the field of training and entrepreneurship in the rural areas of Ilam Province who were selected by purposeful sampling. In this study and during the three stages, the Delphi of 11 components and 76 subcomponents in the development of the entrepreneurial training management information system process in the rural areas of Ilam Province were confirmed. The general calculation results of the paired comparisons regarding the 11 components show that the highest significance is related to the component of training information system content and the lowest significance is related to the component of infrastructural environment. It was also found that the subcomponents of recognition principles for the rural entrepreneurship opportunities, teaching market selection methods tailored for the products produced in the village, courses taught by trainers who have the experience of entrepreneurial work or at least the experience of working with entrepreneurs have the highest rankings.

Indigenous culture-based agriculture (permaculture) is a conscious model for employingagricultural production systems in which three characteristics of diversity, sustainability andresilience are considered. This pattern is related to sustainable rural development, diversificationof rural economic activities and increasing revenue sources from it. Due to diversity andgeographical advantages of Guilan province, the occupation of most rural residents isagriculture which due to seasonality of these activities, this style of employment could not be asource of sustainability for rural economy. Therefore, taking advantage of agricultural tourismcapacity along with proper environment management and correct use of resources can be asuitable strategy for rural development and sustainability. This study has been done withextensive review of relevant theoretical and empirical literature and library resources with theaim of introducing agricultural tourism based on local culture of Guilan province and employingit in rural tourism entrepreneurship development. The results show that the use of permaculturepattern which is derived from natural and cultural power of Guilan province, while taking careof the land, taking care of local residents and equitable distribution of income in rural areas, arevery cheap and low cost, simple, understandable and applied by local people.