جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « shoot regeneration » در نشریات گروه « کشاورزی »

Pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) is an important ornamental-medicinal plant in Iran, that is widely used alone or in combination with other medicinal to produce low-risk drugs for human. In order to mass-production of this plant by tissue culture, four separate factorial experiments were conducted using completely randomized design with three replications (10 samples) at four stages of callus induction, indirect organogenesis, rooting, and acclimatization The results showed that the highest callus weight was observed in the interaction of leaf explant and medium supplemented with 2,4-D (2.0 mg/l). The tallest and highest branching number was related to the callus obtained from leaf explant in medium containing thidiazuron (1.0 mg/l TDZ) and putrescine (100 mg/l PUT), in indirect organogenesis. Tissue culture cuttings had the best rooting in 2.0 mg/l NAA medium. The obtained seedlings planted in pots containing perlite showed better acclimatization. By optimizing callus production from Calendula officinalis explants and propagation by tissue culture method can be an important step towards producing plants with the same quality and free of pathogens.

Optimizing the tissue culture condition for Adenium sp as an imported ornamental plant with a low propagation rate can deliver the way for mass propagation to multiplication of this ornamental plant. So, this research was carried out in a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design to optimize organogenesis of Adenium abessum and Adenium arabicum during shoot induction, proliferation and root induction experiments. The highest rate of shoot regeneration for Adenium obesum was achieved in MS medium containing 0.5 mgl-1 BA, and for Adenium arabicum was achieved in MS medium containing 0.5 mgl-1 BA in combination with 0.5 mgl-1 TDZ. Organogenesis was more observed as leafy and rooted in A. arabicum and shoot induction in that was longer compare with A. abessum. The result showed that 0.5 mgl-1 BA can be used to prolifered shoots induced in both specie of Adenium. The full strength of free plant growth regulator MS medium supplemented with 0.3% activated charcoal was the best treatment at root induction stage. The plantlet gradually became first adapted in sterile perlite with 1/2 MS concentration and then in the culture media contained soil, vermicompost and perlite.

Crocus flower, which belongs to Iridaceae family, is one of the most important ornamental bulbous plants. The propagation of Crocus vernus L. by corm is not commercially affordable due to transmission of fungal and bacterial diseases as well as the long dormancy period which takes 4 to 5 months. Thus, in vitro culture of Crocus vernus is a suitable solution for commercial reproduction. Plant tissue culture technique would be a better alternative for improving quality and production.

In order to micropropagate ornamental saffron, the effect of different culture media on direct organogenesis experiment was conducted in factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design with 3 replications in the tissue culture lab of the Department of Horticulture at Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan from 2015 to 2016. The explants used in this experiment were latheral and terminal buds which were evaluated in 10 hormons treatments and control in the Murashige and Skoog medium (MS). To eliminate surface contamination, the explants were first immersed under water for 30 minutes after placing the corms. Next, they were placed in high temperature Benlate fungicide solution (55° C) for 30 minutes. Then, they were put in 70% ethanol (ethyl alcohol) for 30 seconds and 15% Sodium hypochlorite solution for 6 minutes. The explants were finally washed three times with sterile distilled water under the air flow bench. The effects of plant growth regulators including BAP (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg/l), TDZ (0.5, 0.75, 1.0 mg/l), Kin (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg/l) and 0.1mg/l IBA in direct regeneration were investigated.

The results showed that the kind of plant growth regulators (PGR) and the explant type are very important in regeneration of Crocus vernus so that we can not secure any shoots without PGR. In direct organogenesis experiment, the maximum number of multiple shoots (15.84) was obtained from apical bud explant in MS medium supplemented with 5/0 mg/l TDZ along with 5/0 mg/l BAP, 5/0 mg/l KIN and 1/0 mg/l IBA, after 10 weeks, that had a significant difference with other treatments at 1% Duncan test. We observed 2.o mg/l BAP along with 1/0 mg/l IBA had the greatest effect on the number of corms.

The results showed the shoot regeneration is controlled by the ratio of cytokinin with auxin. It should be mentioned that cytokinin plays a role in the synthesis of RNA, stimulation of the production of protein, and the activity of some enzymes. The results also indicated that the use of cytokinin along with auxin has a beneficial effect on shoot regeneration.

Daenensis thyme (Thymus daenensis Celak) is one of the important medicinal plant that belongs to the family Labiatae. The leaves and flowering branches of this plant has a number of important compounds such as Thymol, Carvacrol, Btaptyn and Parasymyn. The present study was performed in order to determine the optimum of plant growth regulators (auxin and cytokinin) for production of in vitro plantlet using apical bud and hypocotyl explants. The seeds after sterilization were germinated on MS medium. The explants were cultured on the medium containing various concentrations of BAP and Kin for study of in vitro micropropagation. Hypocotyl explants were cultured on the medium containing various combinations of BAP and NAA for callus induction and shoot regeneration. In study of micropropagation, the mean comparison showed the highest number of shoot, leaf and bud obtained in MS medium containing 2.5 mg l-1 Kin in the apical explants. In study of regeneration, the mean comparison showed the highest percentage of shoot regeneration and mean of shoot number were obtained on MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg l-1 BAP + 0.6 mg l-1 NAA in hypocotyl explants. Overall, Kin was most effective plant growth regulator on micropropagation and comination of BAP and NAA had most effect on regeneration of Daenensis thyme.

To investigate the effects of auxin and cytokinin on shoot regeneration from leaf segments of HS314 rootstock, in vitro plantlets grown on DKW containing 0.5 mg L-1 BAP, 5 mg L-1 GA3, 0.5 mg L-1 IBA, and 200 mg L-1 casein hydrolysate were used. Leaf segments (abaxial side) were cultured on shoot induction media containing different concentrations of TDZ (3, 6, 9, and 12 mg L-1) and IBA (0.0 and 0.1 mg L-1). Results showed that callus induction was achieved in all treatments, and IBA was not necessarily used. Nevertheless, only culture medium AP with 12 mg L-1 TDZ and 0.1 mg L-1 IBA caused shoot regeneration. In the next step, choosing the best culture medium and efficient hormonal levels, also the effect of the red light was investigated. Therefore, two culture media, MS and WPM (containing 0, 1 mg L-1 IBA and 12 mg L-1 TDZ) and two light conditions (red and white) were used. The results showed that shoot regeneration was occurred in both culture media with 1 mg L-1 IBA. The numbers of regenerated plants were affected by interaction of culture medium × light condition and 1 mg L-1 IBA. Finally, MS medium using red light and WPM using white light were considered as the best treatments for shoot regeneration from leaf segment (along with 1 mg L-1 IBA and 12 mg L-1 TDZ) for both of them.

In this study, an indirect organogenesis regeneration protocol for Salvia officinalis L. is described. Leaf (0.5 × 0.5 cm) and internode (1 cm in length) explants sections, from 45 day old in vitro germinated plant, were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 12 different combinations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) or 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). The best calli induction response was observed when 1 mg/l NAA and 0.5 mg/l BAP combination was applied to the internode explants. Also, results showed an interesting possibility for the stimulation of shoot regeneration (5.66) through internode segments cultured on MS medium containing 50 mg/l putrescine and 0.5 mg/l TDZ. Shoot elongation and rooting were achieved on MS medium with 1mg/l IBA. Excellent acclimatization to greenhouse conditions was observed for all transferred plantlets. By this procedure no morphological differences were observed between the regenerated and mother plants. This protocol may be also utilized to carry out plant regeneration after genetic transformation, in order to develop transformed plants without the presence of chimeric zones.

Anthemis hyalina DC. is one of the most important herbal medicine plants and is used for anti-allergy and curing skin rashes or acne. To date there is no report for in vitro culture of this species and the present study was performed for the first time with the aim of obtaining the optimized treatment for shoot regeneration. In this research the effect of different plant growth regulators NAA (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.5 mg L-1) and BA (0, 1, 3 mg L-1) on callus induction and shoot regeneration in leaf and immature embryo explants was investigated. This experiment has been carried out as factorial in a completely randomized design with four replications. The results showed the significant effects of all main factors and interactions on measured traits in 0.01 probability level. The highest frequency of shoot regeneration for leaf explant was observed on the medium containing 1 mg L-1 BA. In embryo explant the best treatment for shoot regeneration was 3 mg L-1 BA.

One of the major advantages of in vitro culture of African violet (Saintpaulha ionantha) is production of new cultivars and propagation of their chimera which might not be propagated by the other methods. In this study, we tested the effects of silver nanoparticles on the sterilization rate (antifungal and antibacterial activity), regeneration and shoot formation of African violet "Pink Amiss" explants. These nanoparticles were synthesized from pomegranate peels and Damask rose petals extracts. We used a completely randomized design test with factorial arrangement to investigate various volumetric ratios of plant extracts to silver nitrate (1:20, 1:10, 1:5 and 1:1) on the culture contaminations. Using silver nanoparticles synthesized by the plant extracts, especially Damask rose petals extract resulted in no fungal and bacterial contamination in the African violet explants after 1 and 3 weeks as compared to the control, and silver nitrate (1mM). All tested concentrations of the silver nanoparticles significantly (P ≤ 0.05) controlled both bacterial and fungal contaminations. The 1:20 ratio of plant extracts to silver nitrate showed the best control. In addition, the highest regeneration (%52) and shoot regeneration (%38) was observed in this treatment. In conclusion, we suggest using silver nanoparticles synthesized by plant extracts for sterilization of in Vitro Culture for African Violet rather than using other chemicals such as silver nitrate.

This study was conducted during thesummer of 2013 in Islamic Azad University, Dezful branch in a completely randomized design with three replications in a factorial base in order to determine the effect of hydro and halopriming pretreatments on germination, early growth and establishment of maize 704 single cross cultivar under salinity and drought conditions. To this end, the corn seeds pretreated with potassium nitrate (halopriming) and distilled water (hydropriming) in terms of germination index and growth of seedlings under salt stress by sodium chloride and drought conditions caused by poly ethylene glycol 6000 in water potentials of 0, -0.2, -0.4 and -0.6 MPa in greenhouse were studied in vitro. Seeds were able to germinate in all concentrations of sodium chloride solution, but germination was not observed only in -0.6 MPa osmotic potential. Pretreatment of seeds caused better seed germination and seedling growth under salinity and drought stresses. The application of hydro and osmotic pretreatments could compensate the negative effects of salinity and drought stresses and had positive effect on germination indices and also caused rapid seed germination. Generally, pretreatment practices are recommended for the improvement of germination and initial establishment of maize seedling.

Lisiantus is introduced among the 10 top cutting flowers in the world. Micropropagation can be used in this plant because of some problems in traditional propagation. In this research، the effects of the growth regulators on the in vitro shoot regeneration and rooting of the shoots obtained from nodal explants were investigated. The effects of the different concentrations of BAP and Kin on shoot regeneration in MS medium were investigated according to a completely randomize design (CRD) in the independent experiments. The results indicated that the use of 0. 5 mg l-1 BAP was the best treatment for shoot regeneration (4 shoots per explant). In the next experiment، the interaction of BAP and GA3 on shoot proliferation were investigated according to a factorial experiment based on CRD. The results showed that the best shoots in terms of quality and quantity (17 shoots per explant) were obtained in MS medium supplemented with 0. 5 mg l-1 BAP and 0. 2 mg l-1 GA3. The shoots produced in this treatment were transferred to MS medium containing different concentrations of IAA (0، 0. 2، 0. 5 and 1 mg l-1) and activated charcoal (0 and 3 g l-1) to investigate the shoot rooting. MS medium supplemented with 1 mg l-1 IAA and without activated charcoal was determined as the optimum medium for shoot rooting.

Tissue culture is a useful and applicable method in micropropagation and plants mass production in a short period of time irrespective of growing and planting season. Meanwhile it is a new and effective method to breed plants through gene transformation. Despite these advantages, a useful tissue culture system for effective regeneration is required for many plants such as White top (Cardaria draba). White top contains a lot of sulforaphan for which it is considered a medicine plant which in turn highly requires a suitable protocol for its effective regeneration. In this study, the samples gathered in Kerman Township were used and the ability of the plant for callus induction and shoot regeneration was studied in vitro in two separate factorial experiments in randomized complete block design, BAP: in 7 levels and NAA in 4 levels. The first experiments were carried on cotyledon explants and the second one on hypocotyl explants with 3 replications in the years 2010 and 2011. Considering the statistical analysis (p≤0.05), 3 mg/L BAP plus 0.5 mg/L NAA treatment and 3 mg/L BAP plus 1 mg/L NAA hormone treatment had the callus induction and the most suitable number of shoots for cotyledon and hypocotyl explants, respectively. The best root generation was for cotyledon and hypocotyl explants using only 1 mg/L NAA treatment and 0.5 mg/L BAP plus 1 mg/L NAA treatment, respectively. All the samples were placed on MS liquid containing 2 mg/L IBA and then they were elongated in the full strength medium without growth regulators for 2 weeks. After that, they were kept in the pots containing sterilized peat moss under greenhouse conditions for 4 weeks which resulted in 90% success in the plants regeneration.

The plant bioreactors can be used for in vitro plant propagation and leading to a decrease in the costs of micropropagation. In this research, a simple bioreactor including a temporary immersion system was designed and made for Damask rose micropropagation. To optimize this system, the effects of the tube type, container size and different substrates were investigated in the independent experiments. Also, the temporary immersion system was compared with the solid and liquid media. Results showed that the highest number of the shoots in the temporary immersion system were obtained by the use of the white tube (11 shoots per explant), 600 ml glass container 10.36 shoots per explant) and without any substrate (10.76 shoots per explant). Also, temporary immersion system was significantly better than the solid and liquid media for shoot production (10.66, 2.56 and 5.66, respectively).

Ocimum basilicum L. (sweet basil), from Lamiaceae family, is rich in aromatic essential oils and valuable in industry for its pharmaceutical, aromatic properties. The present study has focused on tissue culture of O. basilicum using leaf explants from in vitro germinated plants. The current study has been fulfilled based on completely randomized design with 5 replications using MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium with different concentrations of BAP (0, 1 mgl-1) and 2,4-D (0,0.5,1mgl-1). After callus formation the calluses were transferred on new MS media with (1, 3 & 5 mgl-1) BAP in combination with 0.2 mgl-1 NAA, for regeneration. The highest average number of shoots occurred in the medium containing 1 mgl-1 BAP and 0.2 mg-1 NAA. The presence of NAA inhibited root formation, when combined with different concentrations of BAP.

This study carried out on commercial primrose (Primula acaulis L.). The aim of the present study was to establish an efficient and reproducible protocol for in vitro propagation of P. acaulis from shoot tips. First of all seeds were cultured on MS (Murashig & Skoog) medium without plant growth regulators. Afterwards, the seedling-derived shoot tips were cultured on MS basal medium, containing various concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and thidiazuron (TDZ) in combination with various concentrations of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The experiments was carried out in two factorial design on the basis of completely randomize design. The result showed that the frequency of shoot regeneration was 0 to 100% in the first experiment and 30 to 100% in the second one. The highest shoot regeneration in first and second experiments, considerably affected by MS media containing 1 mgL–l BA and also 0.4 mgL–l TDZ, respectively. Regenerated shoots easily rooted without the necessity for transfer to a rooting medium. Number of roots significantly affected by media supplemented with 3 mgL-1 BA + 0.8 mgL-1 NAA and 0.4 mgL-1 TDZ + 0.8 mgL-1 NAA. Finaly, plantlets were hardened-off and transferred to soil for further growth.