جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "فشار کف پایی" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

 Asymmetrical gait mechanics after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) are associated with the development of post-traumatic knee osteoarthritis. Current measures of gait mechanics have focused on peak magnitudes of knee kinematics, kinetics, and joint contact forces; nonetheless, they have seldom considered the plantar pressure and muscular frequency content in individuals with ACLR and pronate feet (PF). The present study aimed to compare ACLR and PF with healthy controls during walking.

The present study was conducted based on a quasi-experimental and laboratory design. The sample of this study comprised 13 people with ACLR and PF and 13 subjects from the healthy group. The mean age scores of patients in the two groups of healthy and sick participants were 22.9±4.1 and 23.2±4.5 years, respectively. During the test, subjects walked barefoot on an 18-m runway. Peak plantar pressure variables in both groups were recorded by a foot scan system (sampling rate: 300 Hz). The electromyography activity of the tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, rectus femoris, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and gluteus medius were recorded during walking.

The results demonstrated that the peak midfoot region plantar pressure values (P=0.018) were higher in the ACLR/PF group than in the healthy group during walking. In addition, the results highlighted a significant difference in the muscle frequency content of the rectus femoris (P=0.012, d=0.68) and vastus latelarlis (P=0.042) during the loading response and push-off phase in the ACLR/PF group compared to the healthy group during walking.

Peak plantar pressure values at the midfoot region and rectus femoris and vastus lateralis muscular frequency content in the ACLR/PF group differed from that of the healthy group during walking.

The impact of the weight of backpacks with different weights on the foot, which is the link between the human body and the ground, has received less attention from researchers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare ground reaction force distribution between dominant and non-dominant legs among female students while carrying different loads.

The present study was semi-experimental and laboratory. Twenty female students at age of 14-17 participated as subject in this semi-experimental study. Participants carried backpacks with 10%, 15%, and 20% of body weight during walking. Ground reaction force data of subjects in both dominant and non-dominant legs was collected by a foot pressure system. Repeated measure ANOVA was run to analyze the obtained data. All the analyzes were performed at a significance level of 0.05 using SPSS 22 software.

The results showed that the symmetry index between dominant and non-dominant legs in lateral heel (P=0.045), second and fifth metatarsals (P=0.023), toes 2-5 (P=0.000) were significantly greater in carrying backpack 20% of body weight as compared to 10% of body weight.

According to the results, it seems that increasing weight of backpack can rise the symmetry index between dominant and non-dominant legs that indicate difference and dissimilarity in performance of dominant and non-dominant legs in students.

 Lumbar disc herniation is one of the most common spinal degenerative disorders, which may cause low back pain (LBP) and subsequently lead to impaired postural motor coordination. This study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of corrective exercises on plantar pressure distribution and lumbar disc structure in women with lumbar disc herniation.

 In this semi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design, the statistical population included women (aged 45 to 55) with low back pain caused by disc herniation residing in Mashhad. A total of 30 participants were selected as the statistical sample and randomly assigned into two groups: experimental (n=15) and control (n=15). The amount of plantar pressure distribution and the height and structure of the lumbar discs L4-L5 and L5-S1 were measured using a plantar pressure scanner and an MRI, respectively, before and after an 8-week intervention. The training program consisted of 45 to 60 minutes of corrective exercise, three sessions per week for eight weeks. During this period, control group participants did not take part in any regular exercise programs. Significance level was set at P≤0.05.

 At the end of eight weeks of intervention, there were significant differences in pressure distribution of the right foot (P<0.001) and left(P<0.001), lumbar disc height L4-L5(P=0.02), lumbar disc height L5-S1(P=0.04), L4-L5 lumbar disc protrusion(P=0.02), and L5-S1 lumbar disc protrusion(P=0.01) between the experimental and control groups.

 In general, the results of the present study showed that corrective exercises can improve plantar pressure, increase height, and reduce protrusion of the L4-L5 and S1-L5 lumbar discs. Therefore, people with back pain caused by disc herniation can benefit from this corrective exercise program to improve their condition.

Schoolchildren have to use backpacks every day on routes with different characteristics and weights to carry their staff. However, the knowledge available on its effects on walking biomechanics is very limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of using backpacks with different weights on plantar kinetics and balance variables among female students during the stance phase of walking.

Twenty female students in the age range of 14-17 with available sampling participated as subjects in this semi-experimental study. Participants carried backpacks with 10%, 15%, and 20% of body weight during walking. Plantar pressure data of subjects was collected by a foot pressure system. Repeated measure ANOVA was run to analyze the obtained data.

The results showed that the force in the heel medial and fifth metatarsal were significantly lower in 10% of body weight as compared to 15% (p=0.045) and 20% (p=0.038) body weight. Also, heel rotation in carrying a backpack with 20% of body weight was significantly greater than 10% of body weight (p=0.031).

According to the results, it seems, that increasing the weight of a backpack can alter the pattern of force distribution in the foot during walking. Changing foot biomechanics leads to poor posture adjustment and raises the risk of muscle-skeletal injuries among school students.

Differences in foot structure are thought to be associated with differences in foot function during movement. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of foot structure on plantar pressure characteristics in overweight girl children aged 10-13 years during walking.

Thirty-six overweight girls with pes planus, pes cavus and normal feet structures participated in this study. The plantar pressure characteristics of the subjects were measured using the foot-scan system while walking on a 14-meter gait-way at a self-selected speed. Peak plantar pressure, time to reach the peak pressure, percentage of the plantar contact area and impulse were measured. MANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test were used for statistical analyses at a significance level of 0.05.

The mean peak pressure of the left foot of the pes cavus group under the hallux (12.47) was greater than that of the normal (7.93) and pes planus (7.49) groups (p=0.035). The mean impulse underneath the 2-5 toes zone of the right foot of normal (0.86) group was greater than pes planus (0.49) group (p=0.008). The mean impulse also was greater under the hallux zone of the left foot among pes cavus group (2.61) than those in normal (0.89) and pes planus (0.88) groups (0.045).

Despite the existence of minor differences; in general, the results of this study did not show a significant alteration in plantar pressure characteristics among overweight children with different foot structures during walking.

Weakness and change of balance strategy can affect the plantar pressure distribution symmetry. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of core stability exercises (CSE) along with the abdominal drawing-in maneuver (ADIM) on the plantar pressure distribution symmetry in women with chronic non-specific low back pain (CNLBP).

In this experimental study, the statistical population was 30 women with CNLBP referred to five orthopedic clinics in Hamedan in 2020. They were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). The experimental group performed CSE along with ADIM for 8 weeks. The control group did not receive any intervention. Plantar pressure distribution was evaluated before and after the intervention. Analysis of covariance was used to compare the results between the groups.

The experimental group with a higher effect size in the symmetry of the right-left foot pressure distribution (ηp2=0.749, p<0.001), the symmetry of the fore-back pressure distribution of the right foot (ηp2=0.556, p<0.001), and the symmetry of fore-back pressure distribution of the left foot (ηp2= 0.597, p<0.001) had a significant difference with the control group.

It is suggested that patients perform a combination of CSE and ADIM to strengthen both the mechanical and respiratory aspects of the core muscles of the body through increasing the activation of deep muscles as stabilizing and respiratory muscles. The combination of these protocols through stabilization of the spine can disperse the high forces and balance the plantar pressure distribution, and reduce the pain intensity.

Investigating plantar pressure variables today gives a correct understanding of possible injuries to the soles of the feet. The present study was the effect of six weeks of trampoline exercises on the plantar pressure and quality of life of people with diabetic neuropathy.

The current research is semi-experimental and applied in which pre-test and post-test with control group were used. 30 neuropathic patients were selected in a purposeful and available manner, and then they were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups (n=15). The experimental group performed 3 sessions of 60 minutes trampoline exercises for six weeks. Before and after the exercise period, the variables of maximum plantar pressure of the patients were evaluated by foot scan machine.

The inferential analysis of the data was done using the statistical test of covariance (P=0.05). The research results showed that trampoline exercises had an effect on the maximum pressure of the soles of the feet while walking (P=0.01).

According to the findings of the research, six weeks of trampoline exercises have a positive effect on the maximum plantar pressure of patients with diabetic neuropathy, and these exercises can be used in the physical rehabilitation process of diabetic patients.

 Many occupations require prolonged standing during exercise, which is one of the most important causes of musculoskeletal disorders, causing pain and discomfort in the back, lower limbs, and especially the soles of the feet, resulting in improper distribution of pressure in the soles of the feet. Epidemiological studies also show a strong association between prolonged standing and pressure on the lower back and lower limbs. One of the ergonomic solutions to reduce the problems caused by long-standing activities is to correct the surface under the fee. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of ergonomic flooring and conventional flooring on the distribution of foot pressure in healthy individuals; based on that, the effect of using ergonomic flooring in comparison with conventional flooring, more appropriate distribution, and reduction of pressure in the sole can be determined.

 This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 16 students with a mean age of 27.87±7.31 and a body mass index of 24.15±4.31. According to previous comparative studies and data analysis obtained from pilot samples, by considering the 95% confidence interval, the samples were determined by the convenience sampling method. Each participant was measured at eight anatomical points for one hour at two different surfaces of ergonomic and ordinary floor. Foot pressure distribution using a pedar-x device while the volunteers were barefoot. Data were analyzed by paired t-test and Wilcoxon using SPSS software.

 This study showed that the ergonomic flooring significantly reduced the mean pressure on the plantar pressure (p≤0.001). Also, there is a significant difference in the mean pressure of left and right legs in different anatomical points when using ordinary surfaces and flooring (p≤0.001).

 There is a difference between the distribution of plantar pressure in ergonomic flooring and conventional flooring. Ergonomic flooring has better distribution than the ground and reduces the pressure on the sole during static activities.

Efficient walking requires the interaction of the three sensory systems for a good maintenance of the balance. In blind people, lack of visual input can harm for walking mechanics. The aim of this study was to compare plantar pressure variables during walking with and without immediate use of textured insoles in blind subjects.

The design of the present study was self-controlled study. 12 blind men (age: 29.66±4.39 years) volunteered to participate in this study. A foot scan system (sampling rate: 300 Hz) was used for measuring plantar pressure variables during walking with and without textured insoles. Paired sample t-test was used for statistical analysis. Alpha level was set at p< 0.05.

Stance time duration did not show any significant difference between both walking with and without insole conditions (p>0.05). Results demonstrated that the medio-lateral displacement of the center of pressure during walking with insoles was lower than that walking without insoles by 35.51% (p= 0.001). First metatarsal peak plantar pressure and force during walking with insoles decreased by 25.69% (p= 0.020) and 64.30% (p= 0.004), respectively. While, peak plantar pressure in second and third metatarsals during walking with insoles increased by 20.03% (p= 0.041) and 28.9% (p= 0.023), respectively. Also, peak force in second metatarsal during walking with insoles was greater than that during walking without insoles by 19.70% (p= 0.010).

Textured insoles improved medio-lateral postural control during walking. Therefore, it could be recommended for blind individuals. However, further study is warranted.

Plantar fasciitis is a plantar fascia inflammation and one of the most common causes of heel pain, causing pain in the inner side of the heel bone. The purpose of this investigation was to analyze the effect of different foot orthoses on the distribution of foot pressure in patients with plantar fasciitis.

The systematic search of PubMed, Science Direct and Web of Knowledge databases was conducted using keywords such as plantar pressure, plantar fasciitis, heel pain, foot orthoses, and orthotic insoles to identify published articles in this field. The statistical population was all studies that examined heel and foot pressure in patients with plantar fasciitis. In addition, studies on different perspectives were identified in plantar fasciitis. From 1999 to 2018, thirteen articles were evaluated in Persian and English, nine of which directly evaluated the effect of foot orthoses on heel and foot pressure, and were selected based on entry criteria for the final examination.

Nine articles were selected for inclusion in the study. These articles examined types of foot orthoses include, custom insole, prefabricated insole, foam insole, silicone heel cup, foam heel pad, viscoelastic heel pad, and tape and then measured heel and foot pressure using various devices. The results show that the insoles can be effective in reducing the maximum pressure and also reducing the average pressure. In one study, the maximum total pressure before using the insoles was 12 and decreased using custom insoles and prefabricated insoles respectively 7/7 and 8/7. Some studies have found little difference between these two insoles in reducing the heel and foot pressure. In one study, both insoles reduced the maximum pressure at the inside of heel to a value of 13%. Compared to the prefabricated insole with foam heel pad and silicone heel cup and heel lift, decrease pressure in prefabricated insoles was higher than other groups (P<0.001). Silicone insoles also reduce the pressure of the heel, but this is insignificant (P=1). Also, according to studies cups and pads also contribute to decreasing foot pressure (P<0.05).

Although all types of foot orthotics are effective in reducing the heel and foot pressure, the effect of custom-made and prefabricated insoles in reducing foot pressure was greater than heel orthoses. Also, in most studies, custom-made insoles were more effective than different prefabricated insoles, however, the slight difference in reducing the amount of pressure by the prefabricated and custom-made insoles makes it impossible to come to a definite conclusion regarding the superiority of the insoles.

The Frequency Domain analysis of Ground reaction forces is one of the mechanical parameters that play a significant role in the vulnerability of people while walking and running. The purpose of the present study was to compare the frequency domain analysis of ground reaction forces in deaf and healthy control people during running.

A quasi-experimental study was carried out on 30 males who were equally divided into a healthy group and a group with hearing loss problems (Deaf group). Peak plantar pressure variables in deaf individuals and healthy controls were recorded using a foot scan system (sample rate: 300 Hz).

The results showed that the frequency content with the number of essential harmonies in the Toe foot (p= 0.012) and foot finger 2 to 5 (p=0/035) in deaf were smaller than those of the healthy controls. Also, the frequency content with power 99.5% in the fourth metatarsal (P=0.038) and fifth metatarsal (P=0.019) in deaf were greater than those of the healthy controls. Moreover, stance time during running in deaf group was more than that of the healthy control group (p=0.032).

Stance time during running in deaf group was more than that of the healthy control group, which has the potential for injury in these people.

Differences in foot structure are thought to be associated with differences in foot function during movement. The aim of this study was to comparison of plantar pressure distribution in runners with different foot types.

60 male and female runners with normal, flat and cavus foot types participated in this study. Participants ran in 17-m run-way at 3.3 m/s for six times. Peak plantar pressure, peak plantar force and impulse underneath each region of foot, and medio-lateral and relative time for stance phases were recorded by Footscan® platform. For data analysis, ANOVA and MANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc statistical tests at significance level of 0.05 were used.

Flat feet group have more loading rate in toe1, lesser toes, second metatarsal and midfoot than normal and cavus foot groups. Also, loading rate in fifth metatarsal, lateral and medial heel at cavus group was higher compared to flat and normal groups.

It seems individuals with different foot types exhibit different plantar pressure distribution patterns. Future studies are needed to assess other effects of different foot structures especially to identify injury patterns for each group

The effect of abnormal foot structure on dynamic function in lower extremity, particularly among children and adolescents has yet received little attention. The purpose of this study was to determine the electromyographic (EMG) activation patterns of selected lower limb muscles and plantar pressure characteristics during gait in teenage boys with normal and flat foot deformity.

Twelve subjects with flat foot and twelve with normal foot defined by arch index method participated in this study. Surface electromyographic activity of selected lower limb muscles for tibialis anterior, peroneus longus, soleus, medial and lateral gastrocnemius were recorded. Plantar pressure characteristics were measured at their self-selected walking speed along a 10 m walkway. Independent t-test was used for statistical analyses.

EMG of medial and lateral gastrocnemius muscles were significantly greater in individuals with normal foot compared with flat foot group during loading response phase (P = 0.001) While medial gastrocnemius showed a decreased activation in terminal stance phase (P = 0.048). Peak pressure under foot regions including hallux and other toes, head of 2nd and 3th metatarsals and medial part of heel was greater in pes planus group. Center of pressure displacement was different between two groups during loading response, mid stance, and stance phase (P = 0.011, P = 0.015, and P = 0.050, respectively).

Abnormal foot posture could change the lower limb muscle activity and plantar pressure parameters during gait. The results of this study suggest that further studies can focus on the effects of foot abnormality on dynamic function in lower extremity to understand the underlying mechanisms and also set the suitable treatment manner.