جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "مدل مفهومی" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Basic science courses have a special place on the curriculum of medical sciences. It is necessary to make effective changes in the educational approaches related to these courses. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to determine the components of design thinking in basic science education using a meta synthesis approach.

The research method in this study is meta-synthesis, which was compiled using the 7-step approach of Sandelowski and Barroso. The statistical population includes all the researches related to the subject from 2012 to 2021, which were systematically searched from the databases of english publications, using the keywords: Design thinking and Sciences, Design thinking and Pedagogy, Design thinking and Basic Sciences, Design thinking and Education, and by observing the entry and exit criteria, was examined and out of the total of 128 researches identified, 8 documents were analyzed with Corbin’s and Strauss three-step coding method.

The most important components of design thinking approach in basic science education can be compiled in the form of a model with 5 main categories, 11 categories and 37 concepts, which main categories include emotional, learning, cognitive, social and deterrence characteristics.

It is expected that the findings of this study will be used for medical education planners in order to organize the teaching process of basic science courses and the educational principles will be developed according to the capacity of the design thinking approach.

Since nursing students as a professional force play an important role in health care systems and professional commitment is considered as one of the most important determinants of professional behavior, so the present study aims to determine the factors affecting the increase and sustainability of professional commitment in Nursing students and providing appropriate modeling is done.

The present study is a descriptive-survey study that is practical in aim and mixed in data. The Statistical samples of 20 nursing experts and 305 fifth- to eight semester undergraduate nursing students were selected. The experts were selected by purposive sampling method and students by simple random sampling. The main data collection tools were semi-structured interview and researcher made questionnaire. The Interviews were analyzed using maxqda 2020 software and questionnaire data by SPSS 26 and Smart pls3 software.

After collecting data and analyzing the content, effective factors were identified in eight dimensions, including individual, structural, cultural, socio-educational, managerial, economic, legal, and spiritual were extracted, and confirmed by structural equation method and a model was designed that individual factor with outer weight (0.99) had the highest share and managerial factor with outer weight (0.74) had the lowest share in increasing and sustaining the professional commitment of nursing students.

Based on the research results and the effect of professional commitment on retention and increasing the quality of performance, it is necessary for managers and experts in the nursing profession consider the study findings as a framework for modifying and reviewing professional programs and policies in order to Correction and improve health, care and treatment processes by training committed nurses.

A critical examination of medical professionalism paves the way for discourse. This study endeavored to design and validate a conceptual model of professionalism in training physicians based on the discourse of interns, nurses, and patients.

This qualitative study was done through discourse analysis. Participants included medical interns, nurses, and patients in hospitals affiliated to Isfahan and Najafabad Azad Universities of Medical Sciences. Interviews were unstructured and sampling was purposeful. The data collection instruments were conversations, non-structural interviews and related sources as well as articles in the synthesis research section. The conceptual framework was extracted by merging three sub-models related to discourses and the model obtained from research synthesis.

Using the interns' discourse model, seven concepts were obtained like this: Management of Occupational Stress, Professional Competence, Ethical Competence, Human Nature of Profession, Personal Development, Proper Care and Personal Personality and Character. Using the patients' discourse model, six concepts were obtained like this: Parental care, Information exchange, Effective management, responding to human dignity, Human values of profession, and Confidence building in profession. Using the model of nurses' discourse model seven concepts were obtained like this: Clinical effectiveness, self-awareness, communication skills, social responsiveness, adaptability, professional commitment and social education strategies. The concepts in the synthesis research model were like this: Physician-oriented and law-oriented ethics, virtue-based professional commitment, behavior-oriented professional commitment, lifelong learner, professional character, and the role of curriculum in professionalism.

Regarding the role of the hidden curriculum, the role of formal professionalism education seems to be important.

The aim of this study is to present a conceptual model of criminal cognitive-perceptual structures in cybercriminals based on their life story analysis. These structures refer to the choices of the individual, and in the case of criminals, the decision to commit a crime is influenced by these thoughts and their values.

This study was a qualitative study using life narrative analysis with a pluralistic approach. The statistical population consisted of 23 cybercriminals arrested by FATA Police in 2018 and 2019. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data and McAdams (2001) narrative analysis interview was used to collect individualschr('39') life narratives. Data analysis was performed according to Strauss and Corbin coding instructions.

In the studied cybercriminals, cognitive-perceptual structures in different psychological domains, coping styles, insight, identity style, defense mechanisms to justify crime on criminal attitudes as the main causes of occurrence were found to be effective in occurring and maintaining criminal behavior.

The results of the present study showed that maladaptive cognitive-perceptual structures can exist that may not even cross the threshold of mental illness, but affect guilt and create or perpetuate criminal behavior. Criminals have a special kind of thinking by which they formulate and interpret the thoughts and perceptions they have of their environment and thereby give them meaning.

Military Nursing is a new field in Iran; given the emphasis on the crisis management process and dealing with trauma patients in the field, the services of the field seem to be welcomed by those involved in the crisis and events in the country. The study explored the pathology of military nursing based on the hybrid model.

In this study, concept analysis was performed by the hybrid method in three stages. In the theoretical stage, a systematic review using the PRISMA protocol by searching the scientific databases of Pubmed, Scopus, Web of science and some Persian language scientific databases with the keywords of military nursing, pathology, field of study, systematic review and their English equivalent was done until July 2019. Ultimately, five studies were reviewed, evaluated, and analyzed. In the fieldwork stage, interviews were conducted with 11 experts in the field. Interviews recorded and content analysis was done. In the third stage, the results of the two previous stages were merged.   

In the theoretical stage, the review of literature exhibited that some paramount important factors of nursing field pathology were: lack of a unified definition of nursing in the country, lack of care-oriented curriculum, irresponsible curriculum, non-compliance of the curriculum with community needs, lack of evidence-based practice, lack of design of a native model for education nursing in the country, lack of organizational position for nursing instructors in hospitals, resistance to change and lack of motivation of some students were the most important harmful factors in the field of military nursing in Iran. Analyzing data in the field revealed that the pathologic factors of military nursing include three main categories including the nature of the discipline, human factors and managerial factors.

By recognizing the pathologic factors of military nursing in theory and practice, appropriate students will be attracted to the field. By modifying the teaching process and handing over the management of this field to successful and interested people in the field of military nursing, the pathological factors will be neutralized and the development background will be provided.

Professionalism is the underlying factor in strengthening the social contract between professions and the society. Failure to adhere to this principle in healthcare providers (including nurses) reduces the quality of patient care and endangers community health, while also diminishing public trust and weakening the social image of healthcare professions. In recent decades, researchers of health science education have focused on the nature of professionalism and planning for training in this regard in order to achieve this important outcome in health science graduates. Despite the applications of the study results and the efforts to train students on the basic concepts of professional ethics, the expected outcomes have not yet been realized in terms of the performance of graduates. Today, numerous researchers believe that achieving professionalism is not possible merely through education and the evaluation of its principles, and the required competencies should also be cultivated to facilitate the process of professional socialization, so that a proper professional identity could be attained in medical science graduates. However, further studies should be focused on the top of Millerchr('39')s pyramid (Does) pertains to the process of developing competencies and their components and has reached the stages of developing a competency-based curriculum, along with the formation of a professional identity, which is equivalent to the "Is" part added to the Millerchr('39')s model by Cruess et al. (2016). In a study in this regard, the concept of professional socialization was analyzed, and professional identity was introduced as the main outcome of this process. The present study aimed to critically review the current literature regarding socialization and the development of professional identity in health science students.

This critical review was conducted based on the Carnwell and Daly structure, which consists of six steps, including determining the objectives of the critical literature review, defining the scope of the review, identifying the sources of relevant information, literature review, writing the review, and applying the literature to the proposed study. At the stage of review writing, we followed the three steps proposed by Schutz. Initially, a systematic search was performed to obtain the available conceptual models and frameworks of socialization and professional identity formation in primary scientific databases, such as EBSCO CINAHL, Web of Science, Eric, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, using relevant keywords with "OR" and "AND" to combine the main concepts. The article search had no time limit until 2019. The eligibility criteria for article selection were proposing a model/conceptual framework, medical sciences, free access, and publication in English language. The exclusion criteria were duplicates and the experimental studies aimed at the measurement, comparison or production of tools. In the second phase of the search and to obtain citations and criticisms for each selected conceptual model/framework, the key concepts of each was systematically searched in the aforementioned databases using "AND" in combination with concepts such as "Criticism, Problems, Challenges, Advantages, Disadvantages". To ensure access to all the possibly relevant reviews, all the citations to each model were tracked through Google Scholar.

In total, 2,112 articles were retrieved in the first stage of the search in terms of the title, followed by the abstract. After reviewing the full texts of the selected articles, nine articles were selected based on the research criteria in the fields of nursing, social work, medicine, paramedicine, and student affairs. These articles were categorized in terms of the study design, model type, model focus, and outcomes. Following that, the selected models were examined chronologically based on the three steps proposed by Schutz, which are the description of the model by its providers, providing the viewpoints of their critics/promoters (if any), and presenting the critical views of the authors of the article. After the analysis of the elements and content/structure of the conceptual models/frameworks, the key concepts of each model were extracted and presented in a table. The studied conceptual models and frameworks consisted of four categories (descriptive, normative-descriptive, causal-explanatory, and descriptive-prescriptive), which described the process of socialization and the role of the influential factors. Some of the findings were mainly focused on the cognitive and psychological dimensions, as well as the social dimension of the process in some cases. In the cases where both the psychological (internal) and social dimensions (external) of the process were considered, a structural approach was not observed regarding the elements and components of each dimension. In addition, the assessment of the content and description of the models revealed various theoretical approaches to this process, some of which were based on a functional structuralism approach and emphasized the role of organizational factors. The other cases involved the cognitive and interactive dimensions and the role of student agencies in this process, as well as the combination of the two approaches. In addition to the role of institutional factors, the active role of students and the impact of interactions were also discussed with regard to the development of professional identity without determining its dimensions and components. The key concepts extracted from the selected models in the present study could be classified into two psychological and social dimensions. The psychological dimension could be classified as cognitive (principles, values, and professional norms), affective (descriptive [sense of belonging to the profession], evaluative [self-confidence], and normative [attitude toward the profession]), and volitive (job motivation). Similarly, the social dimension could be categorized into the communicative domain (effective professional communication), cohesive domain (mutual respect and commitment), and operative domain (professional behavior and effective role performance).

Presenting the components of professional identity based on psychological and social dimensions could lay the groundwork for designing a comprehensive, static, structural model of professional identity for medical students, thereby resulting in the development of structured interventions for the management of professional identity formation in further investigations.

Asthma is uncontrolled in more than half of asthma patients due to inadequate and incorrect management. The main reasons for inadequate management are non-adherence, inadequate knowledge of a general practitioner about patientchr('39')s clinical condition, and not following asthma management guidelines The purpose of this study was to develop a conceptual model for the asthma management system in primary care

In this study, according to the guideline of the Global Initiative for Asthma, workflows for the management of asthma were extracted. Then, the conceptual model of the system was developed with unified modeling language and evaluated by an expert panel, including five asthma and allergy specialists, three informatics specialists and two health information management experts who were selected through non-probability sampling method. Data collection tools were the discussion framework with open-ended questions that reached a collective agreement after discussion on the conceptual model. The collective agreements were applied simultaneously to the diagrams of the conceptual model.

The conceptual model was developed and evaluated in 10 diagrams, including business use-case, use-case, activities, sequences and class diagrams. The diagrams were reported after evaluation. The business use-case shows the main use-case, and the use-case diagrams show the more detailed use-case which is used for the system. The activity diagram shows how the patient was admitted, visited, and managed. The sequence diagram and the class diagram also present the order of asthma management operation, the objects required by the asthma management, and how they are related, respectively.

Given the validity of the conceptual model by asthma and allergy specialists together with informatics and health information management, it can be expected that the current conceptual model will significantly help to design and implement efficient systems that meet the needs of users.

One of the most important aspects of human health is spiritual health, which has a great impact on other dimensions. Due to the need to provide a comprehensive definition of spiritual health and determine its components in accordance with the culture and religion of Iranian society, the present study was conducted with the aim of developing a conceptual model of spiritual health based on Islamic texts.

The research method was qualitative and information gathering, based on the study and qualitative content analysis of related Islamic texts. The study area was specialized Islamic texts and sampling method was purposeful. The tool of data collection was advanced search in scientific and specialized databases, and the method of data analysis was qualitative content analysis with inductive categorization system.

The components of spiritual health were classified into three main categories: Theology, Cognition of guide and Eschatology. The theology components included the 6 concepts: monotheistic attitude, certainty, sincerity, detachment, trust in God, and remembrance of God. Components of cognition of guide included the two main categories: matching manner with the Holy Qur'an (theoretical model), and matching manner with the prophets and the fourteen infallibles (practical model). The first category includes the two concepts of familiarity with the Qur'an and practice of the Qur'an and the second category includes 21 concepts: submission and satisfaction, patience, fulfillment of obligations, abandonment of prohibitions, thanksgiving, contentment, material pleasure, spiritual pleasure, truthfulness, trustworthiness, good-temperedness, generosity, manliness, assistance, forgiveness, justice, courage, Jealousy, forbearance, modesty and halal Livelihood. The last component of spiritual health is eschatology, which includes the three concepts: resurrection-believing, remembrance of death and asceticism. Ethical Considerations: In selecting, reporting findings and citing texts, fidelity has been observed.

In the present study, with a comprehensive view of a perfect human being with the monotheistic identity mentioned in Islamic texts, the components of spiritual health are extracted and its conceptual model is designed, which is in line with previous studies in this field.

management of change is one of the requirements of quality standards  in dynamic industries. Make changes without evaluation can be a challenge, if not managed properly, can be irreparable damage. Failure to management of change can cause an organization in the HSE area to face many problems, including accidents and work-related illnesses or unwanted environmental pollution. Determining the criteria for assessing the consequences of change may help the organization determine whether this change is in the organization or not. On the other hand, change in the organization is compulsory in many cases. Assessing and determining the causes of the impact of a change can help the organization to improve its readiness to deal with possible emergencies through the implementation of a change. Any change in the manpower, equipment, processes and procedures of the organization will be likely to create new health, safety and environmental hazards. The management of change process helps to ensure that the organization (production or service) operations are carried out safely and reliably. It should be noted that many policies, safety instructions and safety processes have been created in the organization based on traditional thinking and are less reviewed and changed, which does not interfere with the changes that have occurred in the technology. The aim study aims to provide a change management model with the HSE approach.

In this study, firstly, the contributing of change management process were defined based on the HSE approach according to available resources. In the first stage, 15 criteria and 40 sub-criteria were determined. Then, using the expertschr('39') opinion, the most important ones were selected, in which 5 criteria and 12 sub-criteria were defined. In this research, expert someone who has at least a Bachelorchr('39')s degree in the field of HSE, industrial engineering or industrial management. Also have at least 10 years experience in the copper industry. At this point, 10 experts were selected. A pairwise questionnaire (prepared by researchers) was used to collect expert opinion. Experts were used to determine the validity of the questionnaire. Matrix correlation coefficient as well as Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient were used to change its reliability. At this stage, we used the FAHP method to determine the weight of effectiveness and prioritization of the criteria. To provide a conceptual model of the study, it was necessary to determine the relationship between the criteria to determine which criteria were defined as being setting Effect measures in the change management process and which criteria were defined as a receiver Effect measure of the management of change process. In this section, research and determination of the criteria of the criteria was used with the main change management process from DEMATEL. DEMATELchr('39')s results were categorized into two setting Effect and receiver Effect groups. Based on the results, it was proposed to present a decision model for assessing and ranking the changes, as well as providing a decision model for assessing the implementation of the change. At last, Based on the results, a linear model was proposed for evaluating and ranking the changes, as well as providing a decision model for evaluating the implementation of the change.

In the first stage, the results of FAH in determining the weight and ranking of main criteria showed that among the main criteria, the main criterion is the consequences of the change and then the ability to execute the change. The lowest priority is the change type, which has a lower rating. In the case of sub-criteria, the results showed that among the sub-criterion that influences the management of chang process, the following is the highest priority under the criterion of the level of effectiveness and type and outcome probability, and the budget and facilities needed. Changes in equipment and organization and manpower are of the lowest priority.The results of the DEMATEL section to determine the internal relations of the criteria with the change management process for the conceptual modeling of the research showed that the highest criterion of setting Effect among the sub criteria is the type of change with the sub-criterion of organizational changes and the ability to execute with the sub-criterion of the required facilities and HSE management With a safety degree. Also, the most receiver Effect measure in managing change is the change outcome with the sub-criterion of the type of outcome and the standard of HSE management with the sub criteria of environmental pollution.According to the results obtained from normalizing the data, the decision model of priority and choosing the changes defined is as follows.Where in; S is degree of Safety, H is degree of Health, B is Budget required, F is facility required, O is organization, Hu is Human, Ma is Management, Eq is equipment. It should be noted that all defined parameters have 0 or 1 state (they are realized 1 and they are not reached 0). It is clear that as much as the number of ASSESS is higher, the defined change has a higher priority in execution.According to the results obtained from the normalization of data, the decision model is the priority of implementing the defined changes as follows. Where in; I is conseqence of change (if consequence is acceptable I is 1. If consequence is unacceptable I is 0), Ip is probablity of conseqence (if probeblity is high then Ip is 1. If probability is low, then Ip is 0) , P is performance (if performance is acceptable P is 1. If performance is un acceptable P is 0), E is environmental pollution (if changes cause enviromental pollution, E is 1. If changes don’t cause environmental pollution, E is 0). It should be noted that all defined parameters have 0 or 1 state (they are realized 1 and they are not reached 0).

Using change management models can make changes without putting a lot of challenge. In the copper industry, due to changes in environmental conditions and the dangers of this industry, the cosequence of change is prioritized. In other industries with their own structures, creating a change management structure may vary. The results show that the most important issue in the change management process is the assessment of executive capacity and the assessment of the consequences of the change. Also, in evaluating the feasibility of making changes, there is a need for comprehensive studies to be made so that we can properly and accurately plan the resources needed to implement the change. Using decision models, especially the use of models that represent the internal relations between decision-making criteria, can act in the formation of new conceptual models with a new approach.

Marital violence is one of the most topic in family domain. The goal of this violence is hurt to spouse into psychic, physical, verbal, finance or emotional abuse. One of the variety of domestic violence to pay fewer is women marital violence against men. This study was done with qualitative research and grounded theory method. Sampling continued until theoretical saturation was obtained. Totally 34 participants (17 couples) with marital violence experience were interviewed in semi structured and in-depth method and analyzed using the grounded theory. Finding indicated women domestic violence against men have personal, couples, families and para family chief dimensions with its subsection. Then with regard to finding, causal condition, facilitating conditions, phenomena and strategies and its Conceptual model and selective coding explained. The phenomenon and pivotal category in this conceptual model is marriage inappropriate. Its underlying factors are individual factors that include issues such as physiological and biological issues, addiction, personality disorders and personality traits as well as family factors such as non-discrimination, family structure, building power in the family, and inappropriate family experiences. Economic, occupational, organizational, social and cultural factors play the role of the underlying factors, and irrational thoughts, differences between men and women and marital myths are interfering factors. Men and women in the face of this violence use ineffective communication patterns, resulting in these false solutions, frustration, the loss of love and intimacy, the overcoming of relationships, sexual deviations and disorders in men.

In order to design and develop an efficient electronic health record (EHR) in Iran, the assimilation of health information systems based on a common language for the interpretation and sharing of information with HER is essential. The current research provides an object-oriented design for gynecology data management based on unified modeling language (UML). By applying this model, it is possible to improve interoperability capabilities of Iranian EHR.
This applied, developmental, and cross-sectional study was carried out in 2015. First, published minimum data sets on gynecology and prenatal care in Iran were evaluated. Then, experts assessed and verified the most comprehensive minimum data set for Iran. In the next step, an object-oriented model was designed based on specific data patterns which were extracted from international standards matched with Iranian EHR to satisfy the interoperability requirements of healthcare information. Finally, the object-oriented design was created by applying UML in visual paradigm software package and the prototype of the system was developed.
The designed system was directly used by 3 people as main users (clinical secretor, physician, and system administrator). Moreover, this system can interact with the Iranian EHR as an external actor. Use case, activity, sequence, and class diagrams were drawn. Data elements were coded based on national coding standards.
Coordination of standardization of different components using software analysis and design is necessary for the successful implementation and pervasive acceptance of EHRs. Object-oriented analysis and design provide a suitable tool for the modeling complexity in software systems. Applying content and technical standards in the design and implementation of EHRs render it useful and applicable in terms of information integration and interoperability. Keywords: Electronic Health Records; Gynecology; Object-Oriented Design

Conceptual model should be explain the basic concepts of nursing (Metaparadigm)، including human beings، nursing، health and environment، and as a practical and highly flexible framework، taking into account the culture and values of the community، to act in a way that allows be used more effectively in various countries. Because of the important characteristics of scientific and professional nursing، conceptual models designed to develop knowledge and nurses'' professional identity formation. So this study aims is to develop a model based on Islamic perspective to provide a basic framework for the elimination of professional studies in Islamic societies. To achieve the concepts of the study we used philosophical inquiry and the concept’s analysis of Mors and et. al. For designing the model we used qualitatively-derived theory using of concept integration. with the study of four nursing metaparadigm base on Islamic perspective، nursing conceptual model was presented. In Islamic thought human being as an interaction with his environment. Environment has a main role in developing of health and disease of humans. On the other hand the health not only is the balance of human aspects، but also includes the balance between these aspects، So the nurse will influence in the creation and maintain human’s health، therefore nurse will benefit this matter and she/he will reach the development.

The construction industry continues to rank among the most dangerous industries in the worldwide. The aim of this study was investigating the factors influencing unsafe behavior in the construction industry from the perspective of experienced workers, supervisors and managers. Triangulation approach was used for data generation in this grounded theory study. Sixty nine participants from a variety of work groups took part in focus group interviews, individual interviews, field observations, and focus group discussions. Thematic analysis was conducted to emerge and identify the contributing factors. The thematic analysis identified six main categories as the factors influencing unsafe behaviors, namely: (1) Social; (2) Organizational; (3) Contractor; (4) Supervision and system safety; (5) Unsafe condition; and (6) Individual characteristics. Findings indicated the significant role of social and organization factors as precondition of unsafe conditions and behaviors. The results can be used to improve safe behaviors on construction sites.