جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "مدیریت ریسک" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

The steel industry is highly crucial in Iran due to the availability of mineral resources, manpower capacity, economic platforms, and the effectiveness of steel manufacturing in Iran's economic growth. Therefore, some strategies must be taken to reduce environmental hazards and direct the steel industry toward sustainable development. This study aims to evaluate and manage the environmental risk of a direct recovery plant based on the EFMEA method in Golgohar Iron and Steel Development Company. 

All environmental aspects and hazards were identified through field visits and analyzed using the EFMEA method. RPN was measured by probability coefficient, intensity, and recovery or extent of pollution. Ultimately, secondary RPN was measured after defining and applying the control measures.

This study identified 468 aspects of environmental risks among which, 258 risks were at a minor level, 187 risks were low-level, 17 risks were medium-level, and six risks were high-level. 

the results confirmed that the most substantial risks occurred in the production unit, with the highest risk number related to chimney exhaust gases in terms of greenhouse gas emissions. After secondary assessment and corrective measures were done, it was found that proper methods adopted for environmental risk management, accurate planning, and presentation of preventive and corrective strategies can significantly reduce the environmental consequences and environmental hazards caused by industries.  Open Access Policy: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Risk management in the field of education necessitates accurate identification and treatment. Lack of prediction regarding risk management can create irreparable educational difficulties in the teaching-learning process. Consequently, risk management in the application of educational technologies was selected as the primary goal of the present study. This descriptive review was conducted from 2019 to 2024  and focused on the keywords of risk management, information technology, and educational management. The search was performed using the method of library study and database search, including ISI, ISC, Google Scholar, and PubMed. In total, 120 articles were obtained, 45 of which were selected and thoroughly reviewed. Following the final screening, 20 articles were extracted and utilized based on the objectives of the study and its criteria, and the results were analyzed. The findings indicated that in order to leverage the educational capabilities of educators and learners, risk management in the field of education is essential. This can be managed effectively and measurably through the prediction of educational management challenges and the estimation of risk management indicators. It can be concluded that in order to transfer educational data in educational fields, it is crucial to make micro and macro educational decisions in line with accepting risk management and planning to implement favorable and facilitating educational conditions by utilizing educational technologies in a timely and effective manner.

 With the increase in the use of nanomaterials, there is a greater risk of exposure to harmful substances in occupational settings, especially in those with limited information on the impact on human health. As a result, the assessment of risks associated with these materials is often challenging, as traditional methods are not sufficient. The development and implementation of tools for classifying risk levels can be seen as an essential step in protecting the well-being of individuals engaged in work related to nanomaterials. Among the various approaches, Control Banding (CB) classification emerges as an effective and practicable qualitative technique for evaluating the potential health hazards linked to engineered nanomaterials. The primary objective of this study revolves around employing the Control Banding approach to evaluate and mitigate occupational risks stemming from the manipulation of nanomaterials.

 The resources were examined in order to identify the factors that impact health hazards in workplaces that handle nanomaterials. This examination considered the potential risks associated with nanomaterials found in the Web of Science and Scopus databases, as well as citations from authoritative sources such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). After conducting a thorough analysis of the available literature, the hazards associated with chemical substances and exposure methods when working with nanomaterials were identified. This analysis further resulted in the determination of the risk and exposure score using the CB approach. Furthermore, an investigation was conducted on control measures related to the identified level of risk.

 The categorization of risk scores, determined by the approach of classifying control measures, yielded five distinct categories. These categories, ranging from HB1 as the lowest to HB5 as the highest level of risk, were established based on information pertaining to indicators such as acute toxicity, sensitization, stimulation, and organ damage. Similarly, the categorization of exposure scores, determined by the approach of classifying control measures, resulted in four distinct categories. These categories, ranging from EB1 as the lowest to EB4 as the highest level of exposure, were derived from information concerning the manufacturing methods and release power of various types of nanomaterials, taking into account the probability of exposure. Subsequently, by merging the categories corresponding to the risk score and exposure, the risk level was determined across five categories, with R1 representing the lowest and R5 representing the highest level of risk. In accordance with the classification approach, control measures were proposed based on each level of occupational risk when working with nanomaterials.

 The nanomaterials risk management tool based on the approach of CB is an easy and qualitative method to evaluate and make decisions in order to reduce the risk of handing nanomaterials. In this approach, it is easy to achieve risk assessment results by identifying the inherent risks of a substance and predicting the probability of exposure. Using such tools in work environments can help professionals identify and remove obstacles and provide the possibility to communicate with managers.

Medication errors are among the most important medical errors that can be prevented to avoid significant financial and life-threatening damages. The present study aimed to utilize the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) technique as a preventive measure to identify and assess the risk of medication errors and explore their correlation with demographic factors.

A descriptive-analytical approach was employed to evaluate medication errors in 2023 at Mehr Psychiatric Hospital in Khorramabad, Iran, using a qualitative-quantitative methodology and the FMEA technique. Data collection involved a safety checklist and adherence to standard work instructions. The analysis of error rates was conducted using the Risk Priority Number (RPN) to ascertain the level of risk associated with medication errors.

The findings revealed 59 medication errors across 13 areas, with the highest error in obtaining a complete medical history and the lowest in transferring medication to a box. The average total risk score (RPN) was calculated to be 10.16. Moreover, the present research investigated the relationship between RPN scores and demographic variables and identified a significant association solely with the type of ward (P<0.001).

The study underscores the importance of mitigating medication errors through preventive strategies such as thorough patient history documentation, error identification, prioritization, and the implementation of appropriate solutions to reduce financial and human costs associated with treatment.

The main influencing factor in the success of the crisis management process is the group's readiness to deal with the crisis. Training models are a tool to maintain the preparation of personnel, increase their ability to achieve certain goals, and help them acquire information, skills, and ways of thinking. This research aimed to design and validate a training model for the staff of the hospital incident command system.

The research method was a qualitative-quantitative (mixed method) approach. The statistical population in the qualitative part included experts in the field of incident command system, and in the quantitative part included managers and staff of this system in the hospitals of Guilan province in Iran. The sampling method in the qualitative part was the judgmental forecasting method. Also, the sampling method was cluster random in the quantitative part. According to the data saturation principle, the sample size in the qualitative section was 15 people, and in the quantitative section, 226 people were selected based on Cochran's formula. The data collection tool in the qualitative part was a semi-structured interview and in the quantitative part was a questionnaire extracted from the interview.

After analyzing the categories resulting from interviews with 15 experts, 43 open codes and 12 central codes were determined. Also, five selection codes were obtained as follows: design, analysis, evaluation and feedback, policymaking and determination of strategies, and implementation and support dimension. The findings showed that the design dimension had a more significant effect on designing the training model (path coefficient = 0.987 and t = 176.713). Also, all components had a significant relationship in pattern design. For data analysis, we used the MAXQDA2020 and SmartPls3 software in the qualitative part, and SPSS26 software in the quantitative part.

The results of this research showed that effective command in possible incidents depends on the effective training of employees with a new and up-to-date model.

Human resource management in any organization is the main key to achieving the goals of the organization; because new ideas for prosperity and innovation are the achievement of new products.

The purpose of this study was to evaluation of cognitive and educational-motivational indexes affecting human resource risk management.

The research method is descriptive-survey. The statistical population included all the employees of Tejarat Bank of Tehran province in 2021. 310 people were selected as a statistical sample using the cluster sampling method. The demographic characteristics and Human Resource Risk Management Questionnaires were distributed and collected after completion. Pearson's correlation coefficient and structural equation model method were used to analyze the data. Data analysis was done using SmartPLS software version 4 and SPSS software version 20.

The results showed that the cognitive index with 7 components and the educational-motivational index with 6 components have a significant relationship (0.77 to 0.84) with human resources risk management. Also, the current research showed that the cognitive indexes of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, reduction of job burnout, and educational-motivational index of job productivity has a significant and direct effect on human resource risk management (P<0.05).

Based on the results of the present research, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, reduction of job burnout and job productivity have an important effect on human resource risk management; so that, the people who have more freedom of action and participation in decision-making can increase the satisfaction, awareness, and motivation of employee's.

Today, it is essential to pay attention to the opportunities and threats in health services, especially in hospitals, to identify and evaluate the existing risks and manage them in these centers. Hospital risk management is a program to reduce the occurrence and prevalence of preventable accidents and is of great economic, human and moral importance in the hospital environment. This study aimed to evaluate and prioritize the occupational safety and health risks of the staff of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd in 2019

The present study is descriptive-cross-sectional. In the first step, the main risks in clinical, laboratory, facilities, radiology, and administrative departments were identified. Based on FMEA logic, three severity, probability, and vulnerability indicators were identified for each risk. Then, prioritization criteria were determined, and ANP prioritized the risks.

According to infectious disease experts with a risk of 0.86 in the clinical ward, inhalation of Barisek chemical vapor 1.17 in the laboratory, radiation of the device with a risk of 0.64 in imaging, infectious disease with a risk of 0.33 and 1.3 in order of priority The first were in the administrative and facilities department.

The  results showed that the hospital  management should adopt special  management  programs to control infectious diseases with a staff  health approach. Control  measures should be set with priority risks. The difference in the obtained  risk numbers  indicated the different  priorities of implementing risk management  programs in each  ward of  Shahid  Sadoughi Hospital.

Nowadays, the vital role of risk management process in controlling hazards is evident. One of the main goals of this process is sought to control hazards through risk control measures. It seems, however, that the vital problem of evaluating risk control measures has been less studied. As a result, from a pool of risk control measures some are chosen and implemented just mentally without any evaluation or theoretical background. This problem can be considered as a critical factor in the risk management process due to resource restrictions of an organization. Given the importance of the process of evaluating risk control measures and ignoring it in most risk management processes, we reviewed advantages and disadvantages of the classification and prioritizing patterns of control measures extracted from literature. A conceptual framework was also proposed to develop a practical and comprehensive method in the process of evaluating risk control measures. Ethical considerations were observed in all stages of the study. The results revealed that most of the evaluation methods designed for risk control measures are not able to prioritize them accurately due to the use of inappropriate or limited criteria and methods. Based on the conceptual framework developed, it was suggested to create a practical and comprehensive method with regard to risk factors, quality factors (effectiveness, cost, reliability, duration, usability, and applicability) and Haddon hazard control matrix using multi-criteria decision-making methods in order to evaluate control measures.

In the processing industry, deaths and severe damages to the equipment due to certain incidents were reported in recent years. And, the industrial sectors are interested in an effective means to prevent or reduce the severity of these accidents in an integrated and planned manner. The aim of this study is a risk-based inspection technique and the consequent benefits of its implementation in the process industries.

In this retrospective study, keywords related to research title, including risk-based inspection, risk management, probability of failure, a consequence of failure, risk analysis, process management, risk-based maintenance, corrosion management, process safety, and Asset Integrity management was selected and then searched on the internal and external databases of Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, SID, Google Search, Magiran, Civilica and Scopus without any time limit. Then the findings and results of confirmed research were extracted and analyzed. Finally, conclusions about the benefits of this method in improving the process management system were reviewed. Then the findings and results of confirmed research were extracted and analyzed. Finally, the conclusion about the effect of the advantages of this method in improving the process management system was examined.

A review of various studies showed that the benefits of using RBI were summarized into 11 ategories, including business (economic), effective operations, risk management, effective inspection management, asset and corrosion integrated management, experts of competency and knowledge, health, safety, environment (HSE), compliance with risk and safety standards, process safety, social expectations, legal, and judicial requirements.

The results showed that the use of RBI in the process industry provides many benefits. Therefore, the establishment and implementation of risk-based inspection in these industries can increase the functionality of equipment and improve the process management system.

To prevent accidents and minimize the risk of unexpected disasters in the oil, gas, and petrochemical industries, an inspection of equipment in terms of mechanical integrity and safe and consistent service providing are of utmost importance. The purpose of this study is integrated risk and asset management by implementing risk-based inspection techniques in the oil, gas, and petrochemical industries.

Firstly, this systematic review study identified a list of keywords based on RBI and then exclusively on the internal and external databases of Science Direct, Pub med, Google Squalor, SDI, Google Searcher, and Scopus without a time limit. Afterward, keywords, including risk management, probability of failure, asset integrated management, risk-based inspection, consequences of failure, and corrosion management, were searched.

A review of various studies showed that the risk-based inspection approach provided the necessary platform for upgrading and formulating new inspection, repair, maintenance, equipment risk management systems and asset integration in the oil, gas, and petrochemical industries and played a significant role in reducing the risk levels to its acceptable limits.

By analyzing the results of studies, it was found that using this method will lead to the effective implementation of risk management, reliability, and corrosion management in oil, gas, and petrochemical industries. In fact, the system intended to provide process safety, increase risk perception of damage in line with the respective risk management, and ensure the integrity of the assets in operational units.

The quality of moral growth is a dimension of the individuals’ evolution that is formed from childhood until adulthood besides the other dimensions. Moral intelligence is the ability to differentiate right from wrong. A morally intelligent person has strong moral beliefs and the ability to act based on these beliefs with respectful behavior. Regarding the work stress in hospitals, the employees have different moral functions in their behavior with others. However, this issue has not been studied enough despite the importance of the relationship between moral intelligence and risk management. So, the present research aims to investigate the effect of moral intelligence on hospital risk management and job satisfaction in hospital personnel in Tabriz. It is assumed that moral intelligence can decrease hospital risks.

This research is a cross-sectional descriptive correlation study. The population includes all the university personnel in Tabriz in 2018 (about 700 people). Based on Morgan’s table, 250 people were selected by random sampling. The research data were collected by three questionnaires, including the moral intelligence questionnaire (Badie et al., 2010), job satisfaction questionnaire (Kendall & Hulin, 1969), and risk management questionnaire (Zaboli, 2009). The collected data were analyzed by structural equation modeling in SPSS 21 and LISREL.

The findings suggested that there is a positive relationship between moral intelligence and hospital risk management with the mediating role of job satisfaction and between moral intelligence and job satisfaction with the mediating role of hospital risk management. Since the T value is more than 1.96, the hypothesis is significant at the confidence level of 0.95. The P-value also approves this conclusion (P-value ˂ 0.05). The value of the path coefficient is more than 0.6. So, it suggests a strong pair-wise relationship between the mentioned variables. Therefore, the hypothesis is significant and there is a positive relationship between the variables. Ethical Considerations: All the participants signed the informed consent letters before starting the research.

It is concluded that moral intelligence in hospital personnel can increase their satisfaction and promote efficient risk management in the hospital. As a result, moral intelligence should be paid attention to improve risk management and job satisfaction.

Industries like steel, along with wealth generation and economic development, create many environmental problems, such as air, water, and soil pollution and waste generation. Since environmental protection is considered one of the pillars of sustainable development, solutions should be adopted that minimize environmental hazards, and promote the existing industry towards sustainable development. . The purpose of this research is to evaluate and manage the environmental risk of Ardakan Steel and Melting Company using the EFMEA method.

Firstly, with the field visit of Ardakan Steel and Melting Company, were identified all hazards and environmental aspects and calculated using EFMEA method. Then, the data were analyzed using SPSS software. Regarding corrective actions, a secondary evaluation was performed. Finally, the mean of initial RPN and secondary RPN were analyzed and compared by t-test.

In this study, 316 environmental risk factors were identified, of which 39 were at low risk, 139 were at medium level and 138 were high risk. Also, the comparison of the means from the two evaluations showed that the average of initial data decreased from 1466.45 to 1248.16 in the secondary data.

The results of this study showed that by choosing the right method and planning and providing preventive and corrective strategies, the environmental hazards of the industries could be significantly reduced.

Power plants are considered as the most important infrastructure for economic development. Risk assessment and risk management in these industries is essential to prevent accidents in these type of industries. The purpose of this study was to identify and evaluate the health safety and environmental hazards of the chlorination unit of combined cycle power plants by using HAZOP and Bow-Tie methods. In this study, the hazards of chlorine production in different parts of the chlorination unit were identified using the HAZOP method. After assessing the hazards, the scenario of converting high risk into critical events was developed. Finally, the Bow-Tie method was used to assess the selected critical event. 7 top events and 105 risk cases were identified in the chlorination unit of the studied plant by using HAZOP method.  The results showed that 65% of identified risks were acceptable and 14% related to the undesirable risks. The risk of the Chlorine Reservoir explosion related to high hydrogen pressure with regard to identified threats and also its financial, environmental and personal injuries consequences was determined as the most important top event. Therefore this event was analyzed by Bow-Tie and risk prevention measures were proposed. Using the combined method to identify and analyze the hazards showed the effectiveness of these methods together. Also, choosing the appropriate methods to overlap the strengths and weaknesses of each method can lead to an optimal outcome in risk management.

Safety consideration in mines is regarded as the most important issue focused not only in safeguarding the health of miners, but, its contribution to efficiency and economical aspects of mine operations. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess and analysis the risk of Teravertine miners in the Mahallat’s region.
Material and The main accidents of the Travertine mines was identified in 15 categories according to the local safety authorities. And, subsequently FMEA (Fault Modes and Effects Analysis) technique was used for the risk assessment.
The risk priority number (RPN) for the mining operations was calculated in the range of 105 to 320. According to the acceptable criteria, 7 cases of operations were identified as “not acceptable” in this study.
Many risks could be traced in the Mahallat’s mining operations. From the practical point of view, few risks were identified in this study and appropriate corrective actions were introduced.

Today, due to climate changes, climate risks are the most important challenges and threats to mankind, among which flood is one of the most common hazards. In Iran, due to its geographical location and climatic conditions, this hazard causes loss of lives and enormous financial damages to agricultural land, infrastructure, and settlements of the country every year. Haraz region, as one of the most populous areas in the north of Iran, within the two provinces of Mazandaran and Tehran, with one of the major transportation arteries, is faced with a flood incident each year. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim to develop a rainfall-runoff model for flood risk management in the main road in Haraz.
The research method was statistical documentary. Due to the purpose and content of the study, the research was based on climatic data, geographic information, and satellite imagery of Haraz region. The numerical model of the Hydrologic Engineering Center's Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) was used for flood modeling. With this model, the hydrograph of each rainfall incident could be produced. The topographical features and hydro-geomorphological of the study area, as quantitative data and in the form of a raster, were defined as topographic profiles. Then, 29 sub-regions were identified. With the completion of the required information, the med-term and long-term return period, and flood hydrograph, the flood plan for the area was determined. Antisense method was used to evaluate the status of regional changes in precipitation.
Findings: Increasing trend in precipitation of the area, changes in precipitation time until the end of the season, especially in winter and summer, irregularities in the regional climate system, and the effect of global climate changes and global warming were observed. Based on the model results, in the mid-term and long-term return periods, Tiran and Andvar areas (Iran) were the most susceptible to flooding in Haraz region. The large flood area in the Haraz River was about 300 meters and the small river beds were 20-35 meters. The river flood active zone was about 100 to 150 meters and parts of this area can be flooded periodically. Areas in the southern part of the Haraz region, due to their lack of vegetation and a covering of snow, were more prone to massive runoff and floods than other areas. Due to the existence of such circumstances, comprehensive watershed studies and flood control systems, and establishment and equipping of pre-hospital care stations for times of crisis are necessary.
By integrating a geographic information system (GIS) and hydrological models, the interaction effects of physiographic factors and the climate can be studied on the flooding potential of the watersheds. The prioritization of flood potential high risk areas could be performed better through considering the possibility of peak flow, important residential and communication areas, and the role of flood routing in waterways. Considering that the infrastructure of crisis management is prevention, analysis of flood prone areas could be effective in the flood prevention plan. Results of this study were important in the implementation of the flood risk management plans before the crisis.

Nowadays, attention to opportunities andthreatsinthe field ofhealthcare and culminating in thehospitals facedwith uncertaintyandrisks wasessentialandmanage the risks involvedin thesecentersis very important. The aimof thisstudy is HSErisk assessmentmodelbasedsystemsinhospitalsmartyrBeheshtiUniversityof Medical Sciences, approaches thatcan becontrolled.
In thisstudy,weidentifythe principalrisksandsetstandards formeasuring andprovidingcomprehensive questionnaire. Theanalytical Network predictionbased onfuzzy logic(FANP)was used for priority of risk.
Findings:Theriskprioritynumber isused inhospitals,Biological factorsaffectinghumanRPNequal to32.85 was the highest risk and Physical factorsaffectinghumanisequal to11.68 was the least HSE risk of hospital.Also the result showed that priority of the risk factors affecting the company's reputation was high.
Discussion & The results showed thatHospital managementshould beincontrol ofchemical and biologicalagentstoadopta specificmanagement plans. Also, according tothe results, it is clear thatit is necessary toconsider themanagementof workplaceergonomicsprogramhas beenandcontrol measureswithinthescopedefined.

Critical infrastructures are the most important sectors in nation security, public safety, socioeconomic security and environment in the world. Such incidents make people, environment and industries harmed. The occurrence of accidents is common in the basic infrastructure of all countries in the world. Building industry is inherently facing many problems and ambiguities. Thus comparison among the events of construction industry and other industries in Iran is higher. The aim of this research is prioritization indicators of health and safety in the small and large construction industry. indexes are considered as The main body of the risk management system for all areas of activity. At the first, The indicators will be selected by experts from a list of detailed performance indicators, Then, these indicators according to key indicators of evaluating the performance of health and safety in the construction industry will be weighted and finally ranked and modeled with the SMART(Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic Timeable) criteria, by using fuzzy TOPSIS method. The results obtained from the analysis of fuzzy-TOPSIS based on determining the priority of safety-health indicators in both small and large groups of buildings, will Represent a different range of the 28-fold indicators priority. Safety of adjacent structures and using of PPE in small buildings up to six-floors, have the high close rate. While the noise, safety scaffolding, excavation and trucks for reasons of height and vertical spread of structures in the large and over 6 floors buildings have the important priorities. Prioritize safety and health indicators based on Fuzzy TOPSIS method with SMART criteria can be applied as a method of health professionals in the engineering field.