جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « پوسچر » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Awkward posture is a primary cause of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in the dental profession due to the nature of dental activities. This study aimed to examine both observational and device-assisted posture assessment methods used to study dental professionals as well as the reported prevalence of MSDs among them.

A search was conducted in Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases for studies performed from 2000 to 2021 using specified keywords. In total, 31 out of the 541 articles found in the initial search were finally included in this study after the exclusion of ineligible articles, duplicates, conference presentations, systematic reviews, and letters to the editor.

Based on the findings, the neck (58%), back and waist (54.9%), and shoulder and hand (29%) areas had the highest reported pain and disorder. Several posture evaluation methods, namely Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (19.4%), Rapid Entire Body Assessment  (19.4%), Electromyography (EMG, 13.8%), and Quick Exposure Check (QEC, 8.3%), were the most frequently used methods among all 17 methods employed in the studies.

Among the observational methods, the QEC method was the most practical one as it considered the experiences of dentists and various dimensions of dental tasks. Moreover, the EMG method was the most suitable device-assisted method for the assessment of posture in dentists. The use of questionnaires in conjunction with evaluation methods appears to enhance the understanding and effectiveness of posture assessment.

Musculoskeletal disorders and associated pains are represent significant and prevalent factors contributing to occupational injuries. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of online upper cross syndrome-based exercises and the posture retraining on pain, disability, fatigue, and mental workload of experienced by dentists in Shahrekord city.

A total of 33 dentists were selected as the statistical sample and randomly assigned to three groups including, control (n = 11), Online National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM) based corrective exercises (n=11), and posture retraining (n=11) groups. Baseline assessments were conducted, and outcomes were examined immidietly after the interventions. The experimental groups underwent the study interventions for six weeks, while the control group maintained their regular daily activities during this period. Primary outcome measure was pain, and secondary measures included disability, perceptual fatigue, mental workload, and quality of life. Within-group comparisons were analyzed using paired sample t-tests, and between-group comparisons utilized one-way analysis of variance.

The results indicated that both exercise interventions positively affected pain, disability, perceptual fatigue, mental workload, and quality of life among dentists (P<0.05). Notably, correction of the upper crossed syndrome demonstrated a more significant effect compared to the posture retraining intervention (P<0.05).

The utilization of online NASM-based corrective exercises and posture retraining could have positive effects in reducing pain and disability and also improving the overall performance of dentists.

Musculoskeletal disorders related to work are one of the most common causes of absenteeism. In order to reduce the damage caused by these disorders, first, we should try to identify the risk factors and the factors affecting it, and in the next step, evaluate them. The purpose of this article is a systematic review of the methods of risk assessment of ergonomic factors related to musculoskeletal disorders.

In this review, all articles published in Farsi and English in the field of ergonomic risk factor evaluation methods related to musculoskeletal disorders (March 2015 to December 2022) (last search date) were investigated. For this purpose, a systematic search of articles using Persian keywords (methodology, hand carrying loads, observational methods, instrumental methods, self-report methods, physical condition, questionnaire, musculoskeletal disorders, upper limb, lower limb, evaluation risk, ergonomic assessment, posture assessment) and their English equivalents were performed in PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of science, Cochrane library, Embase, SID, Scopus, Magiran Iran Medex databases. Unrelated articles were removed using PRISMA statement guidelines, and finally articles that were completely related to the study were examined. GraySource and BASE databases were used to find gray sources.

Initially, 1176 articles were identified from different databases and a total of 82 articles were selected for final review. In some reliable sources, the risk assessment methods of ergonomic factors related to musculoskeletal disorders are classified into three categories: observational (42 articles), instrumental (11 articles) and self-report (29 articles). Pen-paper-based observational methods were among the most common methods used in ergonomic evaluations. Among the investigated individual reporting methods, the Nordic questionnaire was the most widely used tool (87% of the articles), followed by the Cornell questionnaire (13% of the articles). Some occupations, such as nurses, also have specific methods for assessing ergonomic risk factors (MAPO, DINO).

It is suggested that the ergonomic risk assessment methods of musculoskeletal disorders should be multi-factorial (individual, occupational and psycho-social) and specific methods should be developed for jobs with high diversity in job duties.

Musculoskeletal disorders are currently among the most common occupational diseases in the healthcare system. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among employees of Shahid Shukri Dental Hospital using ROSA and RULA methods.

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Shahid Shukri Dental Hospital in 2022. The sample size was considered a census of all employees. Fifty-five computer users and 42 dentists were included in the study. Data were collected by two posture assessment methods, RULA and ROSA. The collected data was analyzed in SPSS software (version 26) and with the help of descriptive statistics and statistical t-test, Fisher's exact test, and logistic regression.

Based on the scores obtained from the ROSA method, the risk of musculoskeletal disorders was in the warning zone, and according to the RULA method, all the employees’ postures were at the priority levels of 2 and 3 of corrective measures. In addition, more work experience and high number of working hours per day were effective factors in the occurrence of symptoms in the neck and wrist/hand areas.

Findings of the present study revealed that the current conditions in Shahid Shukri Dental Hospital are not suitable, and changes and improvements of conditions and workstations are required. To reduce and prevent the spread of musculoskeletal disorders, it is recommended to eliminate deficiencies through designing and implementing an educational intervention program combined with engineering interventions.

 The most common occupational diseases are musculoskeletal disorders that happen with improper body posture while performing job duties. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and evaluate the physical condition of hospital employees using REBA and ROSA methods.

 This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 125 employees of Dezful teaching hospital, selected by stratified random sampling method. Musculoskeletal disorders were assessed using the Nordic questionnaire, and Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA)، and Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) methods were used to assess physical condition. The normality of the data was checked using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS version 23 software.

 The average age and work experience were 36.49±8.26 and 7.33±11.8 years, respectively. The highest prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders was related to the neck (47.7%) and wrist (40.4%), and the lowest was the elbow (7.8%). According to the REBA score, 18.3% of posture workers needed immediate corrections, and 37.8% needed corrections as soon as possible. According to the ROSA score, in 75.8% of the tasks, the work environment should be re-evaluated. There was a significant relationship (P-value<0.05) between wrist, shoulder, and neck disorders with gender, height, age, work history, and posture.

 Considering the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and the high level of risk among employees, it is recommended to modify the workstation and train employees.

Musculoskeletal disorders related to work are among the most common occupational injuries. Back pain is the most common musculoskeletal disorder among office workers and computer users. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of Williams corrective exercises on the reduction of back pain in the health workers of two cities of Selseleh (Aleshtar) and Noorabad, Iran.

The present study was an interventional and cross-sectional study conducted on all the health workers of Selseleh and Noorabad cities, using census and cluster sampling methods during the year 2021. Among the 196 health workers in these two cities, 36 people from Selseleh City and 60 people from Noorabad City who had back pain were identified using the Nordic questionnaire. After homogenization in terms of age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and height, people were divided into two control and intervention groups, and their working posture was evaluated using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) method. After the training class, the health workers in the intervention group were asked to perform Williams partial sit up corrective movements, including stretching the back muscles of the thigh, tilting the pelvis, two knees to the chest, partitioning, circular rings, and quadriceps stretching, for 12 weeks. Finally, the data obtained from the questionnaires were collected and statistically analyzed using SPSS software.

In total, 25 men (37.4%) and 47 women (65.3%) participated in the study, and the most significant number of surveyed people (62.5%) had a diploma. Investigations showed that the RULA score after the intervention was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group. Before performing the corrective movements, the score obtained by the RULA method for both the intervention and control groups showed level 2, but after performing the exercises, 13 people (36.1%) out of 36 people in the intervention group improved and were placed at level 1, and the musculoskeletal complaints of 11 people (30.6%) also improved.

Considering the development of the mechanization of physical jobs, the advancement of technology, and the increase in the use of computers, as well as considering the importance of the health of employees, including health workers, it is necessary to take a step by adopting a suitable and effective strategy in the offices in order to improve and prevent the occurrence of such disorders.

Chronic neck pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders. Many studies have reported the effect of exercise on pain, but given the increase in neck arch, hyperkyphosis, and scapular function that are associated with pain-related postural changes, it seems that the study of pain changes with forward head posture, hyper-kyphosis, and The purpose of the present study was to review the study of the effect of exercise therapy on pain and head angle and hyperkyphosis and scapular function in people with chronic neck pain.

Search with related keywords was done in all years and in PEDRO, PubMed, Google Scholar, Noormags, Magiran, Trip Database databases. Studies investigating the effect of various types of exercise interventions on pain and Forward head angle, hyperkyphosis and scapular function in people with chronic neck pain were included in the study. The PEDro scale was used to evaluate the quality of selected articles.

97 studies were reviewed, of which five studies with inclusion criteria (score higher than 5 on the Pedro scale) were selected for review. There were many differences in the methodology, the main index being evaluated, the number of samples, the method of implementation, the method of evaluating the variables, etc. in the studies. In people with chronic neck pain, exercise reduced pain, forward angle and correction of neck deformity. And studies that showed a reduction in the forward angle and correction of anomalies after exercise had a greater reduction in neck pain.

It seems that exercise can reduce the pain associated with abnormalities in people with chronic neck pain.

One of the most important factors causing musculoskeletal disorder is awkward body posture during work. Ergonomic interventions to improve working posture are essential. Improving posture is effective in promoting health, reducing stress and reducing work discomfort, it is also an important factor in terms of work efficiency and job performance. There is a close relationship between posture and work efficiency, which has led to improved posture, increased efficiency and job performance.

The present quasi-experimental research is a descriptive-analytical study that has been performed on 164 employees of small workshops. This study was performed in three stages including ergonomic evaluation of employees' posture using REBA evaluation method, interventions and post-intervention post-re-evaluation. WILCOXON statistical method was used to analyze the results.

The results of this study showed the improvement of posture in the organs of neck, trunk, arm, forearm, wrist and legs. Also, the comparison of overall score and risk level before and after the intervention was significant (P

Increasing participation in sports activities increases the number of people at risk of injury. These injuries should be properly identified and treated, in order to provide the opportunity to participate again in sports activities. Increasing awareness of hwo injures occur by identifying risk factors and their predictive role can reduce the likelihood of their occurrence and even prevent many of these injuries. resercher believe that the lower extremity is the most prone position for injury. According to studies, a variety of internal factors predispose athletes to injury. These factors include disproportionate ratios of strength and endurance of agonist and antistatic muscles, structural abnormalities, gender, physical fitness, and history of injury. Recently, other factors including postural control, neuromuscular control, core instability, and muscle imbalances have also been identified as contributing factors to injuries. Recently, due to the importance of injury prevention, a lot of research has been done to identify risk factors for injury. Previous research has examined the various factors associated with lower limb injury separately. Regardless of the differences, a study is hardly available that comprehensively examines the factors: postural (TTB) time-to-boundary stability and neuromuscular defects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictive role of postural, biomechanical and neuromuscular factors in the incidence of lower limb injury in active women.                           

63 active woman students were selected according to the criteria of entering the research purposefully. The research variables were divided into three groups: neuromuscular, biomechanical (TTB), postural (height of the inner leg of the arch, distance between the knee condyles, the interval between the ankles, the angle of the quadriceps). The data collection form was used to collect information about injuries, force plate to measure TTB, Colice to measure the distance between the condylars and the distance between the ankles, a simple goniometer for measuring angles Q and a digital camera to determine the neuromuscular defects. The researcher participated in the training and competition sessions to complete the injury form in order to record the degree of injury to subjects during a term.   Finally, for statistical analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient test was used to determine the relationship between variables and regression test to predict effective variables at a significance level of 95%. The implementation method of the present study was that first the participants were asked to fill in the consent form and personal information. Before filling out the consent form, participants were given a full explanation of the process. Then the measurements of the height of the inner longitudinal arc were performed by a goniometer. Then the measurements of the height of the inner longitudinal arc were performed by a goniometer. The distance between the condyles of the thighs and the inner ankles of the foot was then measured by a caliper.To measure postural stability with the eyes closed, three 10-second standing attempts were made on the force plate with the foot of the mold. Subjects stood on a fixed location on the force plate in all attempts. Forces and torque were recorded at 200Hz and 2000 COP points were calculated for each attempt in each time series; This data was then filtered with a four-zero-order filter, a low-pass filter with a cutting frequency of 5Hz.To assess neuromuscular defects, the subjects performed a vine jump test for 10 seconds. The only information given to the person was the beginning and end of the movement and how to stand on the lines. The diagnosis of neuromuscular defects was made by observation, which was filmed from two front and side views of the person, and the desired sequences were extracted from the film and examined at angles. How to score This test was done using a 10-point scoring form, used in valid articles.

REsults showed that the Pearson correlation coefficient between the anterior-posterior TTB and the degree of injury (r = 0.295), between the height of the arch and the degree of injury (r = -0.239), Q angle and injury (301) / 0 = r, ankles and injury (r = 0.331), neuromuscular factors and damage (r = 0.42) were significant. Regarding the muscle neuromuscular factor (β = 0.81). Regarding the medioletral variable, the results showed that there was no significant relationship with the rate of injuries. In relation to the height of the arch of the foot, the obtained value is significant for the Pearson correlation coefficient between the height of the arch of the foot and the amount of injury (r = 0.263). Therefore, it is inferred that there is a negative and significant relationship between increased leg arch and the rate of lower limb injury in active women. Also, according to the results, there is no relationship between the distance of the condyles and the amount of lower limb damage. The value obtained for Pearson correlation coefficient There is a positive and significant relationship between neuromuscular factors and th rate t of injuries (r = 0.793). Thus, as the rate of neuromuscular factor deficiency increases, so does the amount of injures. Regarding the medioletral variable, the results showed that there was no significant relationship with the rate of injuries. In relation to the height of the arch, the obtained value is significant for the Pearson correlation coefficient between the height of the arch of the foot and the amount of injury (r = 0.263). Therefore, it is inferred that there is a negative and significant relationship between increased leg arch and the rate of lower limb injury in active women. Also, according to the results, it was found that there is no relationship between the distance of the condyles and the amount of lower limb injuries. The value obtained for Pearson correlation coefficient There is a positive and significant relationship between neuromuscular factors and the rate of injuries (r = 0.793). Thus, as the rate of neuromuscular factor deficiency increases, so does the rate of injuries.

According to the findings of the study, women with neuromuscular defects most likely to be injured. Since neuromuscular injuries are the most predictive power, it seems that attention to muscle neuromuscular factors to prevent injury before the season of games is practical.

Neck pain is one of the main musculoskeletal disorders in adults and is the fourth leading cause of disability in the world. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of sensorimotor training on proprioception, posture and pain in female patients with chronic non-specific neck pain.

This is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest and a control group. Thirty women with chronic nonspecific neck pain were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly divided into ی experimental and control groups of 15 patients. The subjects in the experimental group participated in a sensorimotor training program (three days a week for 8 weeks), while the subjects in the control group did not participate in any exercise program. Pain, proprioception and forward head posture angle with Visual Analogue Scale (validity 0.94 and reliability 0.97), craniocervical joint position error test (validity and reliability; 0.85%), Craniovertebral Angle (Validity and reliability; 0.88%) were measured before and after 8 weeks of sensorimotor training.

The groups in the pre-test phase were match in terms of pain, proprioception and forward head angle (P<0.05); but in the post-test phase, significant differences was recorded (P<0.001). After 8 weeks of sensorimotor training, the experimental group showed a significant improvement in pain, proprioception and forward head angle compared to the control group.

The findings showed the effectiveness of sensorimotor training program on pain, proprioception and forward head angle. Sensorimotor exercises significantly reduced pain, proprioception and forward head angle improvement in patients with chronic nonspecific neck pain. As a result, it seems that these exercises can be used as a comprehensive treatment protocol to improve various disorders in these patients.

Agricultural combine harvesters play a crucial role in cereal productions. A combine operator performs almost all harvesting activities in seated posture. As an interface of the biomechanical system of operator’s body and combines’ mechanical system, seat has major effect on operator’s safety, health, and comfort. A successful design of seat is not achievable without considering the anthropometric characteristics of user population in geometric design. In current study, the accommodation of common harvesting combines’ seat with Iranian operators’ body dimensions has been investigated.

This study was conducted in Bijar, the widest county of Kurdistan province in the west of Iran. Eight anthropometric dimensions including weight, stature, shoulder height, elbow rest height, popliteal height, buttock-popliteal length, shoulder breadth, and hip breadth were measured on a sample of operators. The accommodation of seat pan width, upper backrest width, lower backrest width, seat height, armrest height, seat depth, and backrest height were investigated based on logical equations.

There was a considerable mismatch between evaluated combine seats and the anthropometric dimensions of operators. Selecting 440, 370, 440, 410, 260, 430, and 415 mm for respectively seat pan width, upper backrest width, lower backrest width, seat height, armrest height, seat depth, and backrest height can increase the match percentage to a range of 62.2% to 100%.

The dimensions of available combine harvester seats are not suitable for Iranian population. However, considering the anthropometric dimensions of operators can improve the seats ergonomically. It should be noted that a design based on corresponding national and international standards cannot guarantee the geometrical accommodation of seats.

One of the most important factors causing musculoskeletal disorder is awkward body posture during work. Ergonomic interventions to improve working posture are essential. Participatory approach is a new field in the planning and implementation of interventions. This study compared posture of employees working for a manufacturing company before and after the intervention using participatory ergonomics approach.

A quasi-experimental study was carried out on descriptive analyzes of 30 employees of car cable Manufacturing Company. This research was carried out in five stages including: 1. Ergonomics assessment of working postures by REBA assessment method; 2. Training all stuff and workers involved in ergonomics program; 3. Participatory planning of ergonomics interventions; 4. Interventions; and 5. Postural reassessment after interventions.

The results were analyzed using Wilcoxon, Sign and Mc Nemar test. The results of this study showed improvement of the posture in the neck, trunk, arms and wrists. Also, comparison of overall score and ACTION LEVE related before and after intervention was significant (P <.05). The greatest effect was on trunk postures (20 cases) and arms (20 cases), followed by wrists (7 cases), neck (6 cases), forearms (3 cases) and feet (1 case) respectively.

The present study shows that a participatory approach to ergonomic intervention can be effective in significant improvement of posture.

Low back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders leading to disability in the world. Several studies have shown that long-term sitting is associated with low back pain and discomfort. The weakness of core stability is referred to as one of the factors associated with the low back pain. So the purpose of this study was the study of relationship between core stability and back discomfort and muscle activity during laptop work in the sitting position. Twenty young healthy males participated in this study. They performed laptop work (involving computer mouse work and typing task) in the sitting position. The electromyographic activity of back muscles and the posture of the lumbar spine were recorded in the first and last 2 min of each task. At the end of each task, the participants scored their back discomfort. Core stability was measured using McGill’s tests (including flexor, extensor, left side bridge and right side bridge tests). The Pearson and partial correlation test were used for analysis of correlation between variables. There was a negative significant correlation between core stability and activity level of the lumbar erector spinae (r= -57, p= 0.013) and left multifidus (r= -.50, p= 0.034), but correlation between discomfort and core stability was not found (r= 0.08, p= 0.748). Core stability appears to be an effective factor on the back muscles activation pattern during sitting. But confirmation of this issue requires further research. It is recommended to take in to account the core stability factor ,in the design of low back pain prevention interventions for people who committed sanitary works for long time.

Agriculture is one of the high-risk occupations, and musculoskeletal disorders are an integral part of this occupation and major farmers suffer from these disorders. The purpose of this study is Correctional measures in Estahban. In the next step, to assess the risk, only those who were working in Estahban (n=95) were examined. The methods for evaluating were PATH and QEC. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using McNemar and Wilcoxon tests before and after the intervention.

 This descriptive-analytic, cross-sectional and observational study was carried out at Workers in Estahban. People in the study in a simple random sampling method, 170 subjects were selected

Of the 95 (55.9%) of the workers, only the worker in the fig garden. Ergonomic interventions can be used as a remedial strategy and to be up right  some of  the problems of this group of farmers and 75 people (44.1%) were work also  by other businesses. Sixteen (9.4%) were single and 154 (90.6%) were married, mean age was 47.5 ± 14.4 years and work experience was 26.4 ± 14.4. The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in the organs was significantly different from the pre-intervention (P <0.001). The risk level of the PATH method before and after the intervention was less than 0.05. In the QEC method, the mean of total pre and post test scores was 94.36 ± 16.09 and 52.63 ± 18.16, respectively.

Ergonomic interventions can be used as a corrective action and to reveal the problems and effects of musculoskeletal disorders in this group of farmers.

Parkinson’s is a progressive disease of the nervous system that by affecting the body movements, affects patients’ quality of life and makes daily tasks like eating, difficult and time consuming for them. The aim of this study was to improve the comfort situation of Parkinson patient when eating by identifying ergonomic problems, and designing product for this. 12 Parkinson’s patients were chosen by simple random sampling method. Data was collected through a translated Interview of the Discomfort Questionnaire section of ErgoFellow Software and direct observation of patients while eating. After the final data analysis and extraction of design guidelines, design ideas were sketched and the final design was formed after AHP evaluation. Discomfort Questionnaire data (the average rate of 10.6out of 7 (1. 514)) showed that the non-ergonomic posture of hands, fingers, wrists, arms, elbows, neck, upper back (lumber), and shoulders, the discomfort rate while eating, is more intense, compared to other parts of the body . Observations have also shown that in order to near food to patient mouth, occur Non-ergonomic changes in the patient’s posture. Therefore, designing product should be done using anthropometric data. The results showed that reduction of mouth-to-food distance would reduce discomfort and fatigue for the Parkinson’s patient. Therefore, using anthropometric data, a height-adjustable product was designed and developed that improves the position of the posture and reduces the patient’s discomfort situation during eating food.

The fitness of laptop desks (sitting cross-legged) with physical dimensions of users have important role in using with correct posture and reduce the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fitness of anthropometric dimensions of students with best-selling laptop desks. In this study, 207 students (girls and boys) from Qazvin University of Medical Sciences were investigated. In addition to height and weight, anthropometric dimensions including; elbow height (sitting), elbow-elbow breadth, two knee length and height (sitting position cross-legged) and elbow-fingertips length were measured. Then percent of the fitness between the laptop desks with anthropometric dimensions obtained. Findings: The results showed that the two types of laptops desks fit only in the length of the desk. Two knee length and height (sitting position cross-legged), elbow - fingertips length and elbow height (sitting) fit in the desk number one 32.4, 98.5, 0, and 93.7% and in the desk number two 61.8, 0.96, 0.5, and 78.3% respectively. It had a 100% fitness only in length of the table with anthropometric dimensions of students between two types of laptop desks. However in terms of fitness, the desk number one with the highest percentage in three anthropometric dimensions was better than the desk number two.

Functional ankle instability is a common musculoskeletal injury. Patients with impaired proprioception and permanent impairment in postural stability. The aim of this study is to investigate the short-term effect of kinesio tape on joint position sense, proprioception and postural control in patients with functional ankle instability. This quasi-experimental study was performed on 20 non-athlete women aged 18 to 45 years with functional ankle instability. The joint position sense test was performed by Motion Analyzer, sense of force was examined by Load Cell, and balance strength test was done by Force Plate before and after kinesio taping. Kinesio tape was used with a tendon correction technique for the anterior tibialis, peroneus and gastrosoleus muscles.
FINDINGS: The absolute error of the joint position sense (0.98 ± 0.79 degrees), the sense of force (5.43±2.89 n) and postural control (5.73±1.37 ms) decreased to (p<0.001, 2.49±1.49 degrees), (p = 0.004, 10.18±6.09 n) and (p = 0.01, 6.91±1.75 ms), respectively, after using kinesio tape in the affected patients. The results of the study showed that immediately after kinesio taping in patients with functional ankle instability, the absolute error of the joint position sense, the sense of force and postural control decreased and joint proprioception improved.

Musculoskeletal disorders are one of the major causes of discomfort and disability among farmers. Among of the ergonomic evaluation methods, PATH method is one of the recommended ergonomic evaluation methods for farmers. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and risk assessment in fig orchard workers. The study was conducted descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional on fig orchards workers. Nordic and Demographic questionnaire was used to prevalence determine of musculoskeletal disorders. Data were analyzed using SPSS-16 software. Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the means. The results showed that age mean of the workers was 47.5 ± 14.4 years. The most disturbances were related to knee, bottom and back of their body (37.6% and 28.2% respectively). There was a correlation between the work backward and pains of the body, and those with more work backward had more difficult knee pains (P = 0.005). Severe flexion in the worker's trunk was most difficult by using of obtained results from the PATH method (prevalance 57.8%). The prevalence of symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders in workers of fig orchard is high, that indicate their environmental and working conditions, and inappropriate of their body postures are injurious, therefore corrective actions are necessary to improve of working postures