جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « medical residents » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Given the importance of empathy in the process of caring for patients, this study investigated the level of empathy and its associated factors among medical residents at Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (AJUMS).

This cross-sectional study was conducted at AJUMS in 2022. All 473 medical residents who were studying at AJUMS were included in the study using census method. Participants completed the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy. This scale has 20 items that are scored based on a 7-point Likert scale. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient.

The number of medical residents who completed the questionnaires was 290 (response rate 61.3%). These medical residents' mean score of empathy was 102.81±12.75 (out of a total of 140 points). Empathy scores had no statistically significant relationship with sex, marital status, and entry year (p˃ 0.05). Pearson's correlation coefficient showed that there is a significant relationship between the level of empathy and age (r=0.223, p=0.001). Also, there was a significant difference between the empathy scores of medical residents of different specialties (p=0.0001, F=5.249), with the psychiatry residents having the highest mean empathy score (118.31±6.1) and the ophthalmology residents having the lowest (92.85±14.2).

The findings showed that the empathy score of the residents is at a moderate level, and given the significant difference between the empathy scores of residents of different specialties, it can be argued that empathy changes under the influence of the clinical education environment and is a teachable skill.

Background and

Role modeling is defined as "a purposeful activity that demonstrates the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviors that students should acquire." This is an educational method suitable for the medical environment where students have the opportunity to observe their professors in action and behavior. All the teachers of medical sciences are diligent in training human resources, but developing a professional identity in medical students is a top priority which could help them to become good doctors. The purpose of this study was to explain the role modeling of teachers in professional identity formation of medical residents.

Sixteen medical residents, aged between 26 and 40 (male and female), participated in this qualitative content analysis study. The residents beloned to four major specialty groups including obstetrics and gynecology, surgery, internal medicine, and pediatric. Data were collected from four specialty hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences through semi-structured in-depth interviews. Then the collected data were analyzed using conventional content analysis.

Data analysis showed four main categories of "access to the role of models" including ethical role modeling, professional role modeling, personality role modeling, and interpersonal interaction role modeling. These conceptualized categories explained that role modeling teachers created good opportunities for professional identity formation of medical residents.

Based on the present study, role modeling is a combination of individual characteristics and professional patient care that is implicitly revealed in medical education. Excellence in role modeling requires showing superior clinical care, teaching skills, and strengthening the good personal characteristics of professors. More studies and effective interventions in empowering of medical teachers can help lifelong learning and create a positive learning environment in the formation of professional identity in medical students and residents.

Job burnout is one of the challenges of the health system and medical residents are among the most important pillars of service delivery, especially in epidemic conditions, and spiritual intelligence can be proposed as a way to relieve job burnout. The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between spiritual intelligence and job burnout in clinical teaching residents of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This study is a questionnaire-based survey (cross-sectional study) that was conducted in 1400 with the participation of 36 residents from 3 educational groups of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Maslach job burnout and King spiritual intelligence questionnaires were used for primary data collection and correlation analysis was done by calculating Pearson's coefficient (r) and statistical description and analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 25 software.

The average burden of job burnout was 84.44 and the average burden of spiritual intelligence was 47.69. The production of personal meaning had a direct and significant correlation with job burnout, which was also observed in infectious residents. In emergency medicine residents; Job burnout has had a direct and significant correlation with spiritual intelligence and the subscales of critical existential thinking and the production of personal meaning and transcendental consciousness.

According to the findings of the research, there is a need for more studies to examine the correlation between spiritual intelligence and burnout.

The prevalence of COVID-19 significantly affected different aspects of the quality of life (QoL) in people, especially the medical staff, who are at the forefront of battle against the disease. This study aims to investigate the QoL of medical residents of hospitals affiliated to Kashan University of Medical Sciences (KUMS) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 140 medical residents of hospitals affiliated to KUMS in 2021. Their QoL was assessed using World Health Organization quality of life (WHOQOL). The collected data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 22 using Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U test, t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Pearson and Spearman correlation tests.

The physical health dimension had a statistically significant relationship with age, marital status, underlying disease, sports/arts activities, and year of residency (P<0.001). The psychological health dimension had a statistically significant relationship with marital status, underlying disease, sports/arts activities, and year of residency (P<0.001). The social relationships dimension had a statistically significant relationship with marital status, underlying disease, and year of residency. The environmental health dimension had a statistically significant relationship with sex, marital status, underlying disease, and year of residence (P<0.05).

Female residents had lower QoL. The residents in pathology, neurology and infectious diseases had higher QoL, while those in psychiatry had higher scores in the psychological health dimension.

 The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of workplace violence (WPV) against residents of clinical medicine in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 1398 and also to compare it between different clinical specialties.

 This descriptive-analytical study was conducted with the participation of 219 clinical medical residents of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 1398. To collect data, an edited version of the Workplace Violence in the Health Sector Country Case Study questionnaire was completed in one interview session.

 Total of 219 residents were studied, of which 85 (38.8%) had experienced physical WPV at least once in the last 12 months and 207 (94.5%) were subjected to psychological WPV at least once during this period. During the last 12 months, 21 (80.8%) emergency medicine, 11 (64.7%) psychiatry, 31 (47.0%) surgical sciences, and 22 (20.0%) internal medicine residents, had experienced physical WPV. In contrast, of the total 219 residents. Younger (P=0.04) and female (P<0.001) residents were less likely to encounter physical WPV than their colleagues.

 Nearly one-third of the studied residents had been subjected to at least one episode of physical WPV, and roughly all had encountered psychological WPV at least once in the past 12 months. Unfavorable situation of residents in terms of physical and psychological WPV, underscores the urgent need and necessity of developing preventive guidelines appropriate to the culture and society of Iran.

An increase in the incidence of chronic and incurable diseases and the lack of facilities to care for patients raises the issue of prioritization in the allocation of facilities and the selection of patients to use the facilities and the choice between life and death. Discussion of termination of life and cessation of treatment is one of the challenges in the field of medicine and ethics. The demand for euthanasia has increased in recent years, and future physicians will face this issue. This cross-sectional study was performed on 200 interns and medical residents in 1400. All participants completed the Demographic Information Questionnaire, Beck Depression Questionnaire, and Attitude to Euthanasia Questionnaire. In the present study, 67.5% of participants agreed with euthanasia. The mean score of attitudes to euthanasia was higher in men than women (P = 0.023) and higher in single people (P = 0.045). As religious beliefs increased in individuals, the mean score of attitudes toward euthanasia decreased and opposition to it increased (P> 0.001). Positive attitudes toward euthanasia were associated with depression and its severity (P> 0.001). Depression and its severity are significantly associated with more physicians' desire for euthanasia. On the other hand, the stronger the religious beliefs, the greater the anti-euthanasia. Support for euthanasia in men and single people was also higher than in other groups.

Burnout can negatively affect various aspects of the physical and mental health of medical staff especially medical residents and cause a decline in their performance. The objective of this study was to investigate burnout among medical residents of Kerman University of Medical Sciences in 2018.

This was a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study carried out in 2018 on 150 medical residents of Kerman University of Medical Sciences selected by convenience sampling. The data were collected using the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory. The data were analyzed via SPSS20 software using Chi-square, independent t-test, and logistic regression.

The means of exhaustion and disengagement subscales were 22.63 and 20.97, respectively. The mean of disengagement was significantly higher in females than in males (P =0.03). The means of burnout and exhaustion were significantly lower in fourth-year residents than in first-year residents (P=0.01). Moreover, there was a positive and significant correlation between the mean of disengagement and the mean of exhaustion (P= 0.001).

It is necessary for the university’s vice-chancellor for education and culture to adopt appropriate policies and strategies to deal with job stress and its leading factors in medical residents.
 

Judgment on serious clinical situation, deciding to maintain the vitality of human in sophisticated problems, and thinking in difficult situations require critical thinking in the field of health. In the academic year 2017, this study examined the relationship between Critical Thinking Disposition and Clinical Reasoning in Medical Residents of Medical University of Isfahan (MUI).

This cross-sectional study was a descriptive-analytic type. The statistical consisted of the assistants in Alzahra and Amin Hospitals of MUI. The sampling process was carried out in a census (total number), and 48 including 22 male (45.8%) and 26 female (54.2%) assistants participated in this study. The data were collected through SAMTAC questionnaires and DTI) Diagnostic Thinking Inventory( questionnaires. Finally, data were analyzed both descriptively and inferentially using Analysis of Variances.

From among the participants 89.6% adopted positive attitude towards critical thinking and 10.4% adopted ramshackle attitudes towards critical thinking. The average score of clinical reasoning was 105.13 from among 150 scores. From inferential point of view, there were no significant relationship between critical thinking and clinical reasoning skill (p = 0.198). However, as to subscales a significant relationship was disclosed.

Using critical thinking subscales, the quality of assistant exam selection can be enhanced, and the importance of these two issues in clinical decision-making and the promotion of clinical skills requires more attention in the field of health. This way, to upgrade training programs of assistants making changes and inclusion of activities seem to be indispensable.

Cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a series of life-saving operations which increases the chance of survival after cardiac arrest by increasing the blood flow in vital organs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge of medical residents about principles of CPR. 357 residents of different specialties in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences between March 2015 and March 2016 entered this study as an available sample (census). Two questionnaires of demographic information and a cardiopulmonary resuscitation questionnaire (approved by the American Heart Association (AHA2010), which assessed the familiarity of the residents with the principles and rules of CPR on a 20-point scale) were used. The highest score of knowledge about CPR principles was seen in Cardiology, Emergency Medicine and Anesthesiology residents (12.5, 12.20, and 12.05 respectively). Among the participants, only the Emergency Medicine and Cardiology residents had an increasing level of knowledge about the principles of CPR during the academic years, which was statistically significant (P value<0.01). Residents in the fields of Neurology, Nuclear Medicine and Psychology had a significant decrease in knowledge about the principles of CPR during the academic years (P value <0.01). Residents with the most exposure to patients with heart disease and cardiac arrest have a better knowledge of CPR principles. Also, the level of residents’ knowledge on the scientific principles of CPR in all medical fields was not favourable.

Educational environment is part of the teaching-learning process. Clinical training, as a part of medical education, is now facing numerous challenges. Nowadays, there are clinical training environments different from hospital and clinic environments. Considering the establishment and operation of the instrumental lab in the department of psychiatry in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, this study was conducted to explain the views of psychiatry residents on the instrumental interventions lab in the department of psychiatry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences.

This qualitative, exploratory study was conducted using purposive sampling. All the residents who had completed the course of instrumental interventions lab in psychiatry and were willing to participate were included in the study (n = 9). Data were collected through focus group discussions. Interview transcriptions were analyzed by means of thematic analysis.

Drawing on the inductive technique, two main themes emerged: “instrumental interventions lab, a new field in education” and “psychiatry residency, another narrative”. Each of these themes consisted of two subthemes “components of instrumental interventions lab” and “benefits of instrumental interventions lab”.

The instrumental interventions lab encompasses the components of a clinical environment, and given its own nature, has led to positive experiences for the residents.

Empathy is the art of understanding people's feelings such that the tone or behavior does not imply sympathy. Considering the importance of empathy in the process of caring patients, this study was designed to assess empathy with patients among medical residents in different specialties in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences for possible future intervention planning.
This descriptive-correlational research was performed in Isfahan City in 2013. All residents were selected through census method (286 people). Participants filled out the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy and demographic information questionnaires. The empathy scale is a 20-item self-report five point Likert scale. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis test.
Ultimately, 274 questionnaires were analyzed. The mean score of empathy in the total sample was 76.62±8.82 (total=100). Mann-Whitney test did not show a significant correlation between empathy score and gender (p=0.19). Psychiatry residents had the highest (82.8±64.96) and orthopedics residents received the lowest (72.5±61.72) mean score. There was a significant difference between empathy scores among residents in different specialties (P=0.015).
Regarding the significant correlation of residents’ empathy score and field of study, it could be concluded that empathy is influenced by the clinical education environment and is a teachable subject for medical students.

The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of sleep and its relationship with general health of first-and second-year medical residents of various specialties working in teaching centers affiliated with Iran University of Medical Sciences.
This study was a cross-sectional and descriptive-analytical study. Of 1246 first- and second-year medical residents 330 (56.1% male, 43.9% female with mean age of 31.9) were selected randomly to participate in the study. The data collection instruments included a demographic questionnaire and habits of residents, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28). The data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multi-nominal logistic regression analysis.
Mean score of PSQI (±SD) of studied individuals was 6.9±0.5, (median 5). In total 200 persons (60.6%) had scores higher than 5 indicating undesirable sleep quality. Sleep quality scores had relatively strong correlation with subscales’ scores of anxiety and insomnia; and also with GHQ-28 total score (r More than half of the first-and second-year residents were experiencing poor sleep quality and sleep quality had significant and inverse correlation with general health status and number of shifts per month.

Evaluating and improving the employees’ quality of work life is one of the most important responsibilities of managers in each organization. The aim of this study was to design and prepare a questionnaire for evaluating the residents’ quality of work life and checking the validity and reliability of this tool.
We collected the questionnaires which were used for the employees’ quality of work life, and designed by Delphi method a comprehensive questionnaire for measuring residents’ quality of work life. This questionnaire was distributed two times with one-week interval between 14 residents of Tehran University of Medical Sciences and then the validity and reliability was assessed by α cronbach model. We used the 5 experts in the field of health care management, medical education and health economics to determine the validity of quality of working life questionnaire. The classification of cronbach's α for intra-rater reliability was: very good (0.9-1), good (0.8- 0.89), average (0.7- 0.79), bad (0.6-0.69) and very bad (under 0.59).
The results of αcronbach test for questions reliability and the result α cronbach test for internal consistency of each class of question indicated the rather high reliability and validity of these questions.
Regarding to the results of α cronbach test, we can deduce that our designed questionnaire encompass have satisfied validity and reliability and it can be used for future studies.

Motivations of specialty choice can affect on satisfaction and academic performance of student and provide commitment for career-related jobs. This study carried out to assess medical residents’ motivations for specialty choices and their satisfaction in Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 430 medical residents by census method in the 1392. The data was gathered by a self-administrated questionnaire include 24 items. Validity and reliability of the questionnaires were confirmed. The data was analyzed by SPSS software using mean, frequency t-test and chi-square tests. Out of 430 medical residents, 219(52%) were men and 310(75%) were married with an average age 34.8±4.9 years. The most important reasons for choice of specialty were “provide better service, increase knowledge and personal Interest” with averages 4.45, 4.39 and 4.36 respectively. The factors “Easiness and being comfortable, lack of urgency and stress were less important motives for choice of specialty with means 2.33 and 2.50 respectively. 284(66.7%) of participants were satisfied special field and 142(33.3%) were not satisfied. Statistically significant differences were not seen in satisfactions’ residents between age, gender and marital status. The findings of this study can be used by health care stakeholders to identify motivates and interest for specialty choices help medical residents for study direction.

Residents’ specialty choices have a direct impact on the health care workforce and the future supply of physician manpower. This study carried out to assess preferences choices of medical residents’ and society needs in Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 389 medical residents in 2013. Data on participants’ demographics, specialty selected and factors in specialty selection were collected using a questionnaire. Validity and reliability of the questionnaires were confirmed. The data was analyzed by descriptive and analytical tests using SPSS software. In total, 389 medical residents participated in this study, average residents age was 34.68±4.8, 48% were women and 24.5% were singled. The priorities in female participants were Radiology, Gynecology and Cardiology; and in male were Radiology, Cardiology and Orthopedist. Overall, Radiology (20.5%) Cardiology (17.8%) and Ophthalmology (9.2%) were the most favored specialty choices. According chi-square test gender was significantly associated with specialty choice. Chi-square test showed significant differences in preference specialty choice between male and female specialize in some fields.Statistically significant differences were seen between the priorities of specialty choice of medical residents and the capacity of specialized fields (p<0.05). Knowing the medical residents’ preferences of the various specialties could help in understanding the Mal distribution of physicians among the various specialties. These findings can also be an important input for the healthcare leadership to promote a specialty distribution that matches the society needs.

Journal club is one of the classical methods of medical education dating back to 100 years ago. This method can be used for teaching critical evaluation, evidence-based medicine, research design, statistics, and educational concepts to medical residents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anesthesiology residents’ attitude toward a new method of presenting journal club (with the presence of specialists in community medicine and/or statistics). This was a cross-sectional, interventional study performed in the adult intensive care unit of Namazi Hospital, Shiraz, Iran. From among 50 faculty members and second year anesthesiology residents participating in the journal club through both the new and traditional methods, 36 returned their viewpoints. A questionnaire with 19 items was designed by the researcher with the collaboration of the Medical Education Development Office and the Anesthesiology Department of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by educational experts and its reliability was reported as over 90% using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The intervention group (journal club sessions with the presence of community medicine or statistics professionals) scored significantly higher than the control group on all items of the questionnaire. The participants in the experimental group reported that the most important effects of the new approach was their better understanding of statistical terms and research methodology, a positive attitude toward the usefulness of interdisciplinary communication, article reviews and the application of results in clinical practice, development of article assessment skills, creating motivation for further research, causing desire to participate in other journal clubs, and recommending colleagues to participate in such clubs. Moreover, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient showed that with the increase in the number of journal club sessions participated in, the rate of knowledge and desire to participate in more sessions also increased. Participants admitted that they had improved academically and were generally satisfied with this new approach. Regarding the generalizability and implementation in other training centers, this new approach can be exploited in other departments of specialized medical fields. In case of achieving valid and reliable results, the approach can be proposed as a national model.