جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « retirement » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Increasing spending on social security resources is one of the country's economic challenges. Since the population structure and its dynamics in any country is considered the axis and center of economic and social planning, on the other hand, this increase in population requires the assurance of prosperity and peace in the future. Therefore, planning and predicting the impact of demographic changes on the resources and expenses of the social security organization until 2050 is of great importance.

In this research, the estimation of the population based on age groups using the cohort method has been done until 2050, and then the demand and supply of labor in four different scenarios has been predicted until 2050. Using the average ratio of insured persons to employed persons, the number of insured persons has been predicted until 2050. To determine the number of pensioners, the ratio of pensioners to the number of people over 60 years of age is used, and by maintaining the stability of this relationship, the number of pensioners has been estimated until 2050.

One of the scenarios, which is highly likely to happen, shows that since 2035, the gap between the cost and income of the social security organization will increase. Another scenario determines the mentioned year 2040 as an important time for this gap. The results of this research show that by 2050, the expenses of the social security organization will exceed its resources by about 14,016 thousand billion tomans.

The trend of social security organization's resources and expenses, based on a realistic scenario, which is more likely than other scenarios, shows that until 1415, the social security organization's resources are more than its expenses and there is a surplus. In 2035, resources and expenses are equal and there is no deficit. From 2035 onwards, the gap between resources and expenses is increasing in favor of expenses.

The presence of personal, occupational, and organizational stressors in retired workers can cause many psychological problems in the field of personal, family, and social functioning. Therefore, current research was conducted to compile a model of correlates of stress factors of retired workers.

The current research was based on a systematic review and extracting the correlates of retired workers, stress based on the highest frequency of more than 60 studies, and preparing a list based on the most frequent variables of studies, which was used by the path analysis method. The statistical population included all retirees aged 45 to 70 working as members of retirement centers in Isfahan City in the winter of 1400, of which 203 out of 379 workers were selected through a convenient sampling method. To collect data, a set of questionnaires included HSE, organizational stressors, job satisfaction, participative leadership, hope, resilience, perception of organizational support, perception of organizational justice, life satisfaction, work-family conflict, adaptive performance, communication skills, and perception of job security were used. SPSS version 21 was used to analyze the research data.

 results showed that the correlates of occupational stress included hope, resilience, perception of justice, perception of organizational support, life satisfaction, job satisfaction, work-family conflict, adaptive performance, organizational stressors, communication skills, participative leadership and perception of job security, which were among them, work-family conflict, organizational support and job security at the first level (P<0.01) and second level job satisfaction and life satisfaction based on the highest coefficients and learnability (P<0.01) were determined as the main predictors of occupational stress of working retirees.

It is suggested to the managers of health, national pension, military, and social security fields to pay serious attention to these variables to prevent the economic, social, family, and physical consequences of occupational stress.

 Addressing the factors affecting their physical and mental health, including religion and religious orientation, has become particularly important with the increasing elderly population. This study was conducted to investigate the correlation between life satisfaction and religious beliefs.

 The present study is descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional. The statistical population was all retirees of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, out of whom 158 were included in the study by census. Data was collected using Diner’s Life Satisfaction and Allport’s Religious Orientation questionnaires. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the data. In this study, all the ethical considerations were observed and the authors reported no conflict of interests.

 The mean age of the participants in the study was 59.78±8.24 years. More than half of the female participants were mostly married, had a diploma and were economically average. The results showed a statistically significant and positive correlation between the life satisfaction score and religious beliefs and the intrinsic orientation. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between life satisfaction and religious beliefs in the participants over the age of 60, the married, the retired males, and those with higher-than-diploma education, and those with an average economic status.

 According to the declining life satisfaction during retirement and old age due to physical and mental problems, religious beliefs can compensate for the limitations caused by physical and mental problems and increase life satisfaction.

When it comes to migration, the migration of young people comes to mind and the migration of the older adults is ignored. While, migration after retirement is an important and increasing phenomenon. The reasons and destinations of migration of the older persons are different from those of the young. Young people usually migrate to urban destinations and further distances with more job opportunities, while the elderly choose closer destinations and rural areas with good climate. This essay study internal elderly migration, patterns and differences between various socio –demographic groups in Iran during period of 2011-2016.

This article examines the migration of older adults and its socio-demographic correlates in the period of 2011-2016 using the secondary analysis of the 2016 micro-census data. The sample includes 140,159 aged 55 and over in 31 provinces of the country, both urban and rural areas. Binary logistic regression was used in SPSS26 software for data analysis.

The results of multivariable analysis showed that elderly men 13 percent are more likely to migrate than elderly women. The relationship between age and migration for elderly men was U-shaped, which means that the probability of migration is high at the age immediately after retirement, then gradually decreases with age and finally increases again at the age of over 85 years. Also, the possibility of migration among the unmarried older adults is 36 percent higher than married older adults. In addition, with the increase in the level of education, the possibility of migration of the elderly increases. The probability of migration of the elderly with university education was 2.3 times that of uneducated elderly.

Based on the results of census 2011-2015 in Iran, it is expected that the migration of the elderly will increase in the future with the increase in the education level of the elderly and changes in living arrangements. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to the migration of the older adults and its drivers in social policy making.

The world’s population is rapidly aging; hence, paying attention to the quality of life (QoL) of the elderly is of great importance. Financial satisfaction is one of the important components of QoL. The present study aims to determine the association between financial literacy and QoL among retired older adults mediated by their financial satisfaction.

Methods & Materials: 

This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in 2020 on 270 retired older adults in Qazvin, Iran. The samples were selected through stratified random sampling method from 8 retirement centers in Qazvin, Iran. The data were collected using demographic checklist, the control, autonomy, self-realization, and pleasure (CASP) scale, financial literacy scale, and financial satisfaction scale. Structural equation modeling was used to determine the mediating role of financial satisfaction in the relationship of financial literacy with the QoL.

The mean age of older adults was 65.17±4.57 years. The majority of them were male (n=166, 61.85%) and married (n=245, 90.7%). Their Mean score of financial literacy and financial satisfaction were 51.60 and 35.11 out of 100, respectively. Their quality of life was at a moderate level (Mean= 63.89 out of 100). The results of the regression analysis showed the significant association of financial literacy (P=0.006, β=-0.17) and financial satisfaction (β=0.25, P<0.001) with the quality of life. The results also confirmed the mediating role of financial satisfaction (P=0.014).

Financial literacy of the elderly has a significant and positive association with their quality of life mediated by financial satisfaction. Therefore, policymakers in Iran are recommended to develop pre-retirement financial education programs for improving the financial literacy of the elderly.

Considering the importance of recognizing individual changes in old age and the special importance of retirement satisfaction, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between cognitive ability of retirees from individual change and retirement satisfaction in great Torshiz.

This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 1399 on 330 randomly selected retirees in Kashmar city. Data were collected using demographic, retirement satisfaction and cognitive ability of individual changes questionnaires. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics with SPSS software version 16. 

The mean age of participants was 62, 05+4,13. Retirement satisfaction was 20.27±76.29. Retirement satisfaction was significantly associated with marital status, age, income, type of property, study, entertainment, sports, television watching (P <0.05). The mean cognitive ability of retirees was 5.60±36.14, that the degree of cognitive ability was related to factors such as the number of hours spent watching TV and the type of illness involved (P <0.05). Statistical test did not show a significant relationship between retirement satisfaction and cognitive ability (P = 0.16).

Because most of the retirees had poor cognitive ability, it seems necessary to improve the cognitive ability of retirees in the last years of their careers. There was no relationship between cognitive ability and retirement satisfaction, which may be due to the region under study. Therefore, it is recommended to re-study in another environment to evaluate this relationship.

 Retirement is one of the life crises which can cause psychological and social problems in people and cause incompatibility and symptoms called Retirement Syndrome. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the psychosocial self-care training program on retirement syndrome in educators as a program to improve and expose retirees to retirement. 

 In this study, a two-group quasi-experimental method was performed on 64 education retirees in 1398 in Gonabad. After reviewing the entry and exit criteria of the research units (individuals were randomly assigned), they were assigned to two experimental and control groups. Psychosocial self-care training sessions were held once a week for 6 hours for one hour (for) the intervention group. The participants completed the retirement syndrome questionnaire at the beginning and end of these sessions. After data collection, the analysis was performed using SPSS software v. 20. The significance level was considered at P<0.05.

 This study considered 4 main categories regarding retirement syndrome. These categories include Feelings of confusion and conflict, Feelings of new effort and orientation, Feelings of old age and emptiness, and feelings of helplessness and failure. Also, based on the independent t-test, no statistically significant difference was observed between the retirement syndrome scores of the two groups before the intervention (P>0.05); however, the average score of retirement syndrome in the two groups after the intervention and the difference in the average score of retirement syndrome of the two groups before and after the intervention had a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). This means that the training program improved the intervention group’s retirement syndrome (P<0.05).

 The results of the current study showed that holding face-to-face meetings and conducting psychosocial self-care training on retirement syndrome in retired educators positively reduced the symptoms of retirement syndrome. By teaching self-care and learning self-care strategies in old age, we can prepare retirees to cope with or reduce the symptoms of retirement syndrome.

Iran's population is aging and the quality of life of the elderly in the armed forces, due to the nature of professional activity, needs special attention. The purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between interpersonal sensitivity and quality of life in the armed forces retirees in Tehran, Iran.

The present study is a cross-sectional correlation with an analytical approach. The statistical population of the study consisted retirees of the armed forces over 65 years old who lived in Tehran, Iran in 2019-2020. By using Morgan table, the sample size was 373 people who were selected by available sampling method. The research tools included Boyce and Parker (1989) Sensitivity Questionnaire with confirmed validity and reliability of 0.81 and also older people's quality of life questionnaire (CASP-19) with confirmed validity and Cronbach's alpha of 0.78. Questionnaires were completed through one-on-one face-to-face interviews with senior retirees of the Armed Forces. The relationship between research variables was assessed by using Pearson correlation coefficient test and SPSS 22 software.

91.42% (341 people) of 373 participants were male. 75.06% (280 people) were 70-65 years old. 75.06% of the samples were 65-70 years old. The mean score of total interpersonal sensitivity was 57.17±35.83 and the mean score of total quality of life of the elderly was 58.00±26.34. The results of Pearson correlation test showed that the level of significance between interpersonal sensitivity and quality of life in the elderly was equal to 0.41 (P-Value<0.05). The interpersonal sensitivity score and its dimensions were at a low level and the elderly quality of life score and its dimensions were at a good level.

The general condition about interpersonal sensitivity with quality of life in elderly retirees of the armed forces living in Tehran, Iran is slightly more favorable than the scores related to studies of the general elderly population of the country. This issue can be related to the systematic structure of the armed forces, emphasis and continuous training during service, the existence of active retirement centers, as well as the continuation in communication with colleagues.

Retirement is a transition to new stage of life which is one of the most important changes in person's life and it is very important to pay attention to it the present study aims to the effectiveness of the self-compassion treatment on self-efficacy and life satisfaction in police force retirees in Tehran, Iran.

The research method is quasi-experimental and pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population was all police force retirees of Tehran, Iran in 2021 of which 30 people were selected by available sampling method and randomly replaced in two groups of 15people in experimental and control. The Scherer and Maddox (1982) Self-Efficacy Questionnaire and the Diner et al.'s (1985) Life Satisfaction Questionnaire were used to collect data. The self-compassion training protocol was performed for the experimental group in 8 sessions (120 minutes per session). Finally, after the training sessions, the post-test was performed and. The data were analyzed by using univariate analysis of covariance in SPSS-22 software.

The data were analyzed for 30 retirees in experimental and follow-up groups. The mean age in the experimental group was 73.11±6.41 years old and in the control group was 76.51±5.31 years old. Considering the F values for post-self-efficacy test (91.76) and life satisfaction (12.79) and their significance level (P-value = 0.001), which was less than 0.05, it was observed that self-compassion treatment was effective to increase self-efficacy and life satisfaction in the experimental group.

Compassion-focused therapy can be effective on increasing self-efficacy and life satisfaction in retirees. Therefore, this intervention can be used in programs designed for retirees.

The effect of retirement as a significant stage of a turning point in the person's life and its effect on various physiological and psychological capacities in different aspects are significant. Hence, the importance of identifying interventions in order to increase body and mental health among retirees is important. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of guided visualization and mental imagery on perceived stress, psychological well-being, and sleep quality in armed forces retirement.

The present study had a semi-experimental design and used pre-tests and post-tests. A total of 60 Armed Forces Retirement (60-70 years), were selected from among the military retirees in Tehran and were randomly assigned into two groups of 30 (experimental group: 30 men; control group: 30 men). During 12 sessions, Patients were treated 3 times weekly with guided visualization and mental imagery. Perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale [PSS]), psychological well-being (Ryff’s Psychological Well-being Scales), and quality of sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) were measured before and after the intervention.

The results of the covariance test showed a significant decrease in perceived stress (P≤0.01) in the armed forces retirement in the intervention group, as well as significantly increased psychological well-being (P≤0/01) and sleep quality (P≤0/01) in the armed forces retirement in the intervention group, but no significant difference was observed in the control group.

The results of this study supported the claim that training-guided visualization and mental imagery technique could reduce perceived stress and increased psychological well–being and sleep quality in the armed forces retirement through its effect on the coping mechanism, leading to the promotion of well-being. This study that guided visualization and mental imagery technique could prevent and control perceived stress and improve Psychological well-being and sleep quality in armed forces retirement in order to strengthen their mental health.

thriving in work has attracted the attention of researchers in organizational psychology due to its role and impact on employeechr(chr('39')39chr('39'))s sense of vitality and well-being, both during their working life and during retirement. Hence, the aim of this research was to study the mediating role of burnout on effect of organizational injustice perception, job insecurity perception and organiztional stressors on unthriving in work among retired employees.

This study was correlational and statistical population included all employees of retirement association of a public bank in Isfahan, from which 206 people were selected through convenience sampling method.  A set of questionnaires consisted of organizational injustice perception (Nihoff and Morman, 1993), job insecurity perception (Francis and Barling, 2005), organizational stressors (made by researchers, 2019), thriving in work (Carmeli and Spritzer, 2009) and job burnout (Malsch and Jackson, 1993) were used. Structural equation model was used to analyze the data.

the results revealed that the perception of job insecurity, perception of organizational injustice and perception of organizational stressors on unthriving and perception of organizational injustice on job burnout have a direct and significant effect, but the impact of job insecurity perception and organizational stressors on job burnout was not significant. Moreover, job burnout could mediate the relationship between organizational injustice and unthriving, but could not mediate the relationship between job insecurity perception and organizational stressors with unthriving. In addition, the tested model of the mediating role of job burnout in relationship between perceptions of injustice, job insecurity, and organizational stressors with unthriving had a good fit indices.

based on research findings on the effect of perception of job insecurity, perception of organizational injustice and perception of organizational stressors on unthriving and perception of organizational injustice on job burnout of retired employees, the need to pay attention to this factors should be considered by top managers, policymakers, scientists and practitioner in redesigning work environment that employees do not perceive job insecurity and organizational injustice as much as possible during their work duration (tenure) and paying attention to reducing the perception of organizational pressures should be a priority.

Elderly people need to pay more attention to promoting health promotion and improving quality of life in comparison with other people. On the other hand, the interest and desire to work with the Internet and social networks of internet plays an indelible role in improving the health literacy of the community. This study was carried out with the aim of evaluation the subjective explanation of health literacy through social networks for retired of fund beneficiaries.

The present study is a phenomenological study with emphasis on Van Mennen's perspective to discover the experiences of retirees from the phenomenon of health literacy through social networks. The data were collected through a deep interview. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 retirees of the State Pension Fund in Tehran in 2020 using purposive sampling. All interviews were recorded and implemented and the theme analysis method was used to analyze the interviews.

Data analysis resulted in the extraction of 71 primary codes and 33 sub-themes, which was classified in four main themes of experience in the field of "access to health information", experience in the field of "understanding health information" "Experience in the field of" health information evaluation ", experience in the field of" application of health information ".

Retirees, who make a large part of the country's elderly population, are embedded in social networks, and all organizations that play a role in the health and education of retirees can create rich educational content and using Simple, understandable multimedia content by social networks as well as the introduction of networks with reliable information for retirees, to improve the level of health literacy and increase useful health information for them, which is an effective factor in maintaining health and increasing the quality of life.

Retirement is a potentially challenging event in old age that has different‏ effects on older people’s lives. This study aims to identify the psychosocial consequences, barriers, and facilitators of adaption to retirement in Iran.

In this study, we used conventional content analysis. The samples consisted of 22 people with experience or expertise in the field of retirement, who were selected by maximum diversity and purposeful sampling strategy Data were collected through semi-structured interviews from February 2019 to September 2019. Graneheim and Lundman's approach was used for data analysis.

Of 22 participants, 59% were male and 41% were female. Four main categories and 13 sub-categories were extracted covering different psychosocial aspects of adaption to retirement Including: Psychosocial challenges (emotional deprivation, reduced psychological resilience, role loss, social isolation, and family challenges), post-retirement development (developing interests and activities, and feeling of being free), barriers to retirement adaptation (health problems, lack of a retirement plan, and macro-structural deficiencies), and contextual/supportive facilitators (individual characteristics, job characteristics, and social support systems).

After retirement, people face psychosocial challenges or opportunities for development. In the meantime, some barriers and facilitators can affect adaption to retirement. Therefore, preparation for retirement is an important issue in the field of gerontology services. Elderly care providers and health professionals can benefit from the finding of this study in their interventions to promote the psychosocial well-being of retirees and their families.‎