الله مرادسیف

In addition to the private sector, gig economy can provide a new basis for outsourcing many public sector services, including police services, which is now on the agenda in many areas in different countries. In the present article, the fields and direction of outsourcing of police services in the gig economy have been analyzed.

The approach of this article is descriptive-analytical, and the method of collecting information is library-based, and the data analysis has been done using description, inference, and inference.

According to the results, outsourceable areas of police services in the geek economy include private security, online crime reporting, population monitoring, and emergency response. Delegable items can be crime reporting, surveillance and public safety, traffic management, forensic services and community participation in crime prevention.

In order to realize the outsourcing of police services in the gig economy, steps must be taken that include understanding the gig economy (defining and recognizing the features, advantages and challenges), identifying services that can be outsourced (scope of services, legal and ethical considerations, and evaluation framework and criteria). , implementation strategies (stakeholder analysis, regulatory framework, necessary technological infrastructure, capacity building) and case studies (international experiences and conducting pilot projects and attracting social participation).

The economy and economic issues, indicates the importance of the economy in today's world and at the same time the vulnerability of the Islamic Republic through this. This applied development research, which is qualitative in approach and descriptive in terms of analytical method, has tried to provide a roadmap for the implementation of general economic policies by analyzing the literature and analyzing the documentary content by web and library methods, as well as by interviewing experts. To resist. The main question is what is the model that examines and emphasizes the relationship between executive institutions and practical measures to implement the practical requirements for the implementation of these policies, and obviously the main purpose of the research was to provide the model. Institutional mapping is a representation of the status of institutions active in a particular field, along with the relationships between them and a tool for identifying and displaying key institutions (formal and informal) and individuals inside and outside a community and the importance of different social groups; Thus, institutional mapping shows the process of examining and designing the components of a system and their dynamics, interdependencies, interactions, relationships of components, and how activities flow.

Economic stability and security are considered to be the foundation of the national economy and the basic basis of sustainable economic growth. The stability of the economy in a secure economic environment affects economic efficiency and effectiveness and protects it against shocks to the economy.  In this study, we seek to explain the role of economic stability and security in the model of resistance economy of the Islamic Republic. The approach of the present research is qualitative in terms of applied and developmental purpose and in terms of descriptive-analytical method and basic theory. For this purpose, first by taking a library file and then analyzing it, while examining the sanctions, damages, capacities and goals of the national economy, through open and closed interviews with the country's economic experts and the snowball technique. To the extent of theoretical saturation, while explaining the central concepts and categories of economic stability and security related to the model of the resistance economy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the relationship between them and its conceptual model is presented. Findings show that practical policies providing economic stability and security in the model of resistance economy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in terms of effective time period can be divided into practical policies of repair and improvement, capacity building and resilience They have three dimensions: de-inflation and strengthening the national currency, reducing unemployment and developing employment and economic security, each of which has its own components.

The statement of the second step of the revolution, while presenting a strategic analysis of the process carried out in the first forty years of the revolution and a careful assessment of the current situation, also explained the axes of the revolution in the second step and Therefore, it is an important opportunity for all institutions and governing bodies to adjust their future direction and their path towards achieving the strategic goals of the second step statement. In this article, the role of NAJA resistance economy in this regard has been studied and using analytical-descriptive and meta-analytic methods, while presenting the model of the economic problems of the Islamic Republic of Iran from the perspective of the second step statement, Based on this statement, four strategies of endogenization, productivity, democratization of the economy and extraversion were enumerated And for each of these four strategies, the relevant components and sub-components are extracted and then the supporting roles as well as the practical action of NAJA in each of the sub-components are identified and introduced. In this study, in total, 30 components and 120 subcomponents have been extracted for the four strategies. Finally, studies show that in 65 actions, NAJA has a cooperative role with the executive apparatus and in 25 actions is responsible for practical action. In other words, in 54% of the cases, in 54% of the cases, the NAJA has a cooperative role and in 20% of the cases, it has the responsibility for practical and direct action.

The subject of this study is to investigate the consequences of the political and security implications of cash subsidies for subsidies in the household sector. . The purpose of this study is to investigate the political and security consequences of paying cash subsidies in order to take the necessary measures to prevent or reduce the effects of these consequences. Cash payment of subsidies Subsids, in addition to the positive points and benefits that will follow, according to the conditions of the country can create consequences and adverse effects in various sectors that failure to pay attention to them can lead to political and security consequences.  Therefore, it seems necessary to study these consequences in order to prevent social and security crises. The method chosen for this research is descriptive. In this research, library resources and information have been used and field research has been done through the distribution of questionnaires. Finally, SPSS software has been used to analyze the obtained information. Cash payment of subsidies Subsids, in addition to the positive points and benefits that will follow, according to the conditions of the country can create consequences and adverse effects in various sectors that failure to pay attention to them can lead to political and security consequences. . Therefore, it seems necessary to study these consequences in order to prevent social and security crises. The statistical population of the study consists of a number of professors from some universities in the country who are experts in political, economic and social issues. The conclusion that can be drawn from the present study is that the cash payment of subsidies will create tolls in the household sector, which will lead to dissatisfaction in the community. These effects will have a high potential for protests to occur and become political and security consequences, and should therefore be taken into consideration, although the results of the study summarize all cases of political and security consequences. Did not identify any significance in the implementation of cash subsidy payments in the household sector

There is a long history of interaction of the military with national economy, and a multitude of positive and negative experiences can be mentioned in this regard. However, the economic role of the military, mostly performed with justifiable aims and motives, has nowadays become an accepted fact in many countries. Funding the required defense budgets in order to pursue military goals, has been the most significant reason of development of economic roles for the defense sector. Self reliance motivations have always been promoting a lot of economic activities in military organizations , and finally, those secondary roles that have often been mandatory for the military or given to them out of necessity, have had a significant impact on prospering of military trading. The relevant fields in the national economy , such as national construction , as well as defense, have made a wide range of economic riles a necessity for the defense sector. The present paper includes a review of literature about global military trade and introducing its opportunities for the defense sector in I.R.Iran, as well as two models suggested for assessment of the impact of these activities, and as an example, a method of assessment in the second model is shown for Khatamolanbia construction camps activities plan.

The aim of this research is to "explaining discourse of thoughts, opinions, ideas and guidelines of Imam Khamenei(His long shadow is long and continued)against economic sanctions". The present research is an applied-development research that in it according to necessity, documentary methods, quantitative and qualitative content analysis as well as discourse analysis is used to explain their thoughts, opinions, ideas and commands.The results of the analysis of Imam Khamenei's discourse(His long shadow is long and continued) show that the enemy, having a discourse of domination with the aim of imposing more effective and efficient sanctions and economic pressures, in performing not turning the sanction into opportunity (threat), not having of economic tricks, not use of valuable experiences, not having of insight ss well as the continued lack of endeavor(Jihad) to against of sanctions, has imposed sanctions against the Islamic Republic of Iran. What was considered as a dislocation of the present discourse was considering the sanctions by the enemy as a growing threat.In response to such sanctions, the main element in the discourse, which is somewhat explained at the level of the community and the authorities, is intelligently and authoritatively confrontation with sanctions, which of accordingly, the concepts of confronting domination spirit and economic self-sufficiency, production of knowledge base along with emphasis on creating justice in terms of sanctions as well as as endurance and economic tolerate in the framework of this discourse has been manifested.

The purpose of this study was to find strategies for improving the business environment affecting investment development with an emphasis on resistive economics and based on the purpose of applied-developmental research and exploratory mixed approaches. The statistical population is divided into two groups: the qualitative statistical population consisting of all upstream documents, and the quantitative statistical population is composed of 30 experts using expert method. Qualitative analysis (summarization and tabulation) and quantitative statistics (such as descriptive statistics) were used to identify the strategic factors affecting the improvement of business environment. Also, content analysis of interviews and descriptive statistics were used to determine the strengths, weaknesses and opportunities, effective threats to improve the business environment. Indoor and outdoor environments were assessed using the Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) and External Factor Evaluation (EFE) techniques. Effective strategies for improving the business environment were formulated using qualitative methods such as Matrix of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT), expert analysis and strategies were prioritized by using average opinions. The results of the study showed that the most priority strategy is: reforming the administrative structure in line with changes in the business environment to improve the business environment and eliminating corruption and rent, rather than a large strategy and a number of executive actions corresponding to each strategy

This study aims to identify the dimensions and components of the elite major role-playing in the realization of the I.R.IRAN knowledge-based economy with the approach of resistive economy and explore the relationships between them were defined and recognized enablers. Based on in-depth exploratory studies through reference to databases and access to research backgrounds including thesis, books, scientific research articles, lectures, scientific and in- depth interviews with university experts and professors, elites and talents and current and former country's chief executives, the instructions and guidance of Imam and the Supreme Leader, analysis of national and global experiences, in a systematic process, using the inductive method and grounded theory by open coding the desired texts and then axial and selective coding, the research structures were extracted and its conceptual model was identified using structural-interpretive modeling method. After identifying the dimensions and components and their relationships,“strategic Model of elites role-playing in the knowledge-based economy realization by resistive economy approach” was designed and the elements of this model were put into a systematic perspective. The main dimensions of model consisted of elites and talents, network of tech firms and businesses, sovereignty, infrastructures, market, financial and capital resources and enablers. After identifying the research structures and conceptual model, the relevant questionnaire was developed and distributed among the statistical sample. After data collection, the validity and reliability of the test were analyzed using Smart PLS and SPSS software. This is an applied-developmental research in terms of qualitative-quantitative descriptive method that has been used to collect data through library and documentary research and in-depth interviews.

Imam Khamenei has paid special attention to the doctrine of Economic Jihad, management and jihadi morale and resilience politics.This research applies the Interpretive Structural Method(ISM) for classification of components and to study the relationships of the components obtained from the results of the analysis of content and discourse analysis of statements of the Velayat-e faqih on the subject of Economic Jihad based on resilience economy(EJBORE) And to observe the more effective and impressionable ones. The approach of this research is qualitative and its nature is practical.The definitions of Economic Jihad, the discourse of Velayat-e faqih and the theory of Economic Jihad from the perspective of the Velayat-e faqih and the background of similar issues have been presented As well as an ISM in explaining content and discourse analysis. The results of qualitative content and discourse analysis of Velayat-e faqih statements are presented separately in the subject of EJBORE And the extracted components using an ISM, Structural Self Interaction Matrices, Reachability Matrix , the Adapted Matrix and MICMAC analysis are presented and finally classes and relationships between components are identified. The components of content analysis and discourse analysis of Imam Khomeini(RA) and Imam Khamenei with 25 variables and 14 variables respectively Which is taken from the researcher's thesis, After MICMAC analysis, there were a total of 16 interface variables that had the most impact and impression among the variables, The final model has been obtained using an ISM based on separate models of ISM Analysis of the leaders of I.R.IRAN.

The economic war of global arrogance with the Islamic Republic of Iran in recent years, after which the announcement of the general resistance policies by the Supreme Leader and its repeated emphasis on its implementation, has made important the implementation of communication policies. From the point of view of the experts, the implementation of these policies, It calls for precise planning as a basis for self-fulfillment. In this regard, institutions as the rules of the game in the community and the most important means of interpreting external facts, as well as the grounds for executive actions, play an unmistakable role in the implementation of any program, and for this reason, we attempt to develop in this paper. Let's take them into consideration. This research, which is descriptive in terms of the applied developmental purpose, in terms of the mixed approach and descriptive analytical method, has tried to analyze the content of the documents through the Web and the library as well as through the interview and distribution of the questionnaire among the 12 academic experts and The top economic leaders of the country compiled for the above issue.  The present study also examines the role of institutions in implementing general policies of resilient economics and proposes, along with the proposed institutional mapping, the components of the content analysis of the general policy guidelines, which is provided by a questionnaire whose validity and reliability have been confirmed by the experts. Its main question is how the institutions co-operate in implementing the general policies of the resistance economy and its associated institutions, and its subsidiary implications are how to influence the implementation of the general policies of resilient economics and the institutional arrangements and structures that are effective in implementing the overall policies of the resistance economy. According to experts, informal institutional arrangements (culture and beliefs), institutional structures (administrative bodies), and non-governmental institutional structures (NGOs and organizations) require improvement and improvement. At the same time, formal institutional arrangements (laws and regulations and property rights) require a fundamental change. In the area of ​​institutions associated with general policies of resistance, institutional improvement and reform are essential

The Law Enforcement (NAJA) of Islamic Republic of Iran, based on approved law at July 1990, formed from incorporation of Constabulary (Sharbani), Committee and Gendarmerie Forces. According to Article 3 of Law of NAJA’s Formation, the aim of its formation is establishment of order and security and providing public and personal peace, as well protection and preservation of Islamic Revolution’s achievements on the basis mentioned Law in territory of Islamic Republic of Iran. Also, Article 4 of the same Law, have given duties of NAJA in 26 line and several notes including wide range of cases. The extent of NAJA’s duties normally, have involved it to all national subjects in different aspects that Resistance Economics too, was not excluded from it. In the present examination, by study and explanation of the relation and measuring-conformity of NAJA’s duties, and also, Foundation of Cooperation (Bonyad Taawon) on one hand, and contents of general guidelines of Resistance Economics on the other hand, we shall also extracted and given the grounds of this adaptability.

Oil price fluctuations in global markets have a significant impact on the economic structure of oil-dependent countries. Resistive economy is to lead to an optimal allocation of resources in a dynamic and sustainable manner during events and crises or on the path to goals. Therefore, the recognition of the direct and indirect consequences of Iran's economy's dependence on oil revenues and its impact on economic variables is very important to have a proper policy in the event of a crisis in line with the resistance economy and reduce the country's economic dependence on oil revenues. In this paper, the three consequences of effective real exchange rate fluctuations, GDP changes and deindustrialization have been evaluated in the framework of vector error correction model. To this end, the VECM method has been used during the period 1991: 01 to 2015: 04. The results indicate that there are three co-integration relationships based on the consequences; as the 10 percent increase in oil prices will increase real exchange rate by 5 percent, GDP decline will be 0.7 percent, and the reduction in the non-trade output ratio to exchangeable production will be 11 percent. Also, the results of the calculations show that the indirect consequences of oil price fluctuations through foreign reserves of the central bank and the ratio of government spending on real exchange rates, through the real exchange rate on GDP and through industrial productivity, affect the non-exchangeable production ratio to exchangeable production.

The idea of a Moghavemati Economy by the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution and his request to explain this idea by academics, although has spurred many efforts since 2010, and many products have been published in the form of books, scientific articles and lectures, but the main question is How far has the theory of Moghavemati Economy been successful? This paper examines the answer to the question by focusing on the book " The lessons of Moghavemati Economy " by Adel Paygami and has pointed out that there are still many areas that remain vague in the theory of Moghavemati Economy. First, the introduction and review of the overall work has been done in the form of each chapter of the book. Then, in criticizing the theme of the work, the eight titles include the definition of a Moghavemati Economy, the state and the market, the people based economy, domestic production and national production, sub-systems of the Moghavemati economy, the relative or absolute stability of the economy, economic independence, and growth and justice have been explored. In each of these topics, it has been shown that there are important points that have been less relevant in the publications of Moghavemati Economy and in particular in the book.

Given the significance and necessity of countering the economic shocks like sanctions, the present study aims at presenting a paradigm model to counter the economic sanctions against the Islamic Republic of Iran based on the discourse of the late Imam and that of the Supreme Leader. In this line, it exploits the documentary method, Thematic Analysis (quantity-quality) and Grounded Theory. The outcome of the study reveals that the causes which have brought about sanctions against our country are emphasis on idealism, Islamism, value-orientedness and struggle with arrogance. In the ideologies of the late Imam and that of the supreme leader, the struggle with snaction focuses on economic resistance and resilience through vigilant and powerful counteraction. Meanwhile, the field conditions (fortification of economy, economic self-reliance, production of knowledge and administration of justice) and meddling conditions (dynamic sustainable growth, economic health and extermisim) affect the strategy in such a way that the ramifications of increasing the tolerance of society will be the reduction of economic vulnerability and promotion of economic competition in the mentioned discourses.

Among the important factors that inevitable causes differences in energy intensity between countries and between regions in a country is their geographical location. In inter-provincial and cross-country empirical studies, modeling of energy intensity only in the presence of the space and eliminating the bias estimation will get correct statistical inference. Among provinces of Iran factors such as climate, area and centralization policies (and industry pools) causing spatial autocorolation of energy intensity and modeling energy intensity of provinces must be done in the presence of space dimention. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting energy intensity index in provinces of Iran and estimateing of spatial autocorolation over the period 2000-2013. For this purpose, the emprical model stipulated in the framework of panel data and coefficients were estimated by spatial panel econometric techniques and quasi-maximum likelihood (QMLE) method. Acoording to results, regional spatial elasticity of energy intensity was estimated 0.55 percent. Therefore, to reduce energy intensity among provinces should be act regionaly. The most important policy recommendations of this study for scholars and policymakers were discussed.

One of the most important economic infrastructures in the country is the oil industry, which needs to be considered for the implementation of resistive economy policies in order to examine the experiences of other countries in this regard. Due to the complexity of the oil industry activities and the impact of various economic, political, social and technological factors on it, this article seeks to examine the national system of innovations, programs, and actions of the two selected countries of Norway and Nigeria, and finally presents the structures and functions of each country that meets the requirements of the resistive economy. With acquisition of important experiences, the most frequent structures and functions of these two countries have been ranked in terms of announced provisions of resistive economy. Accordingly, it can be said that the implementation of which measures can be more aligned with the operation of the provisions of the resistive economy in the structure of the oil and gas industries of the country. The results of this article, which could be an important source for the study of the status of the Islamic Republic of Iran for researchers, indicate that the most important and basic structures of the countries of Nigeria and Norway are related to the research and development infrastructure in universities and science and technology parks, and the most important and most practical functions of these two countries focus on the research and development and completion of the internal value chain, such as development of petrochemicals.

Power industry, as one of the crucial infrastructures, plays important role in development of Iran's social and economic sectors and is seen as a network industry. This research aims to design a resistenence economy model in Iranian power industry, drawing on qualitative approach, asing on descriptive-analytical method, and adopting applied and developmental purposes.
In doing so, having examined Iranian Power Industry's weaknesses, strengths, and puposes, the paper uses snow card technique to discern an appropriate pattern on Resistenence Economy an power industry sector.
The findings of this research show that strategies regarding resistenence economy model in Iranian power industry can be categorized as reconstructing-enhancing, capacity-building, and solidising strategies. These strategies are oriented towards establishing stability and economic security, promoting progress beyond economic growth, restructuring power industry, developing a competitive environment, strengthening private sector and contributing to growth of renewable energy power industry.

This paper investigates the short-term and long-term effects of oil revenues on economic corruption in Iran using Autoregressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) model during 1979-2011. Findings indicate that increase (decrease) in oil revenues by one percent increases (decreases) per capita economic corruption by 0.29 percent in the long run. In addition, increases in government regulations indicator and government size by one percent reduce the per capita economic corruption by 1.95 and 1.63 percent, respectively. Moreover, one percent increase in trade openness results in increase in economic corruption per capita by 1.26 percent.

Increasing the efficiency of production factors poses as a main part of the overall Iranian resistance economic policies explicitly pointed out at paragraphs 3, 4 and 20. In the meantime, energy efficiency increase has been highly regarded through country's policy makings. Because increasing energy consumption intensity not only leads to waste resources, but also environmental deadlock as well as reduces ecological strength. In this regard, the realization of quantitative and qualitative structure of the knowledge-based economy in the country and the provinces could culminate in energy consumption intensity reduction.
Regarding to cases mentioned above, this study aims to investigate the relationship between selected indicators of knowledge-based economic structure and energy intensity index among provinces of Iran during the period of 2010-2013. Therefore, the econometric models of study stipulated within the framework of panel data and coefficients were estimated by panel GLS estimator. According to the results, variables of Internet penetration rate and intensity of mobile phone subscribers have negatively and positively affected energy intensity index of provinces respectively. Furthermore, intensity of employees with Associate and BA degrees significant and negative affects on energy intensity of provinces. Also, the intensity of employees with Graduate Studies significantly decreases provinces energy intensity but less than the first.

The general policies of economic resilience as policy guidelines for any economic policy making requires the operational conceptualization in various areas i.e. banking etc. Since procuring the required finance in Iran is bank oriented, the importance of banking system for its functional adaptation with general policies of economic resilience which is notified by the supreme leader could be intensified. Hence, in this paper an attempt is made to answer the following basic questions: 1- what are the dimensions of resilient banking pattern? and 2- what are the banking aspects of notified general policies of economic resilience? For this purpose we have utilized the Delphi method of conceptual and expert opinion analysis. The results prima facie indicate that the term of resilient banking, comprises the resilient bank and resilience making bank in the national economy, in both areas of internal and international banking in which we have extracted the appropriate banking contrivances from them in toto. However, in our view, the arts of resilient banking system for adopting to the general conjecture of the economy is implementation of macroeconomic strategies of banks in consonance with general policies of economic resilience viz-a-viz formulating and application of suitable models of employment per se.