رضا دهنویه

The most crucial roles of the health deputy in the health system of the country include: The surveillance system is in charge of managing health data and displaying indicators, but there are serious concerns such as underestimation, segmentation problems, and drawback in the platforms. Providing primary health care services for all people using public funds, but it also suffers from barriers such as lack of effective communication with the secondary health care services. Health promotion plays a significant role in modifying people's lifestyle, but it is not given enough attention as a part of the healthcare system and generally, the responsible oragn in this domain is not obviously known. Public hygiene, which encompasses personal and transpersonal concerns, entails monitoring hygiene in the environment, work places, schools, and other similar sites. Today, there are actual concerns about air pollution, water, and food safety, and the hazards of large industries. After exploring the functions mentioned above, it is important to update the system to meet future needs. This viewpoint may lead us to suggest the following: 1) Designing a comprehensive and integrated system for health service delivery at all levels to implement the family physician. 2) Creating separate sub-organizations to reduce the risk of conflict of interest in the healthcare system and allow the family physician to work more agilely: a) a center for disease control (CDC), b) a center for monitoring and evaluation, and validation, and c) division for health promotion and life style modification. 3) Fundamentally improving and updating databases and electronic platforms.

During the outbreak of the infectious diseases, the elderly are at a higher risk. The future wheel model can help understand the different dimensions and effects of these diseases. The present study aims to determine the different effects of the emerging infectious disease pandemics on elderly people based on the experiences from the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran using the future wheel model.

In this qualitative expert-oriented study conducted in 2022, the second version of the future wheel was used to identify the effects in three steps. First, the effects were extracted by brainstorming method with a panel of experts (the Aging Committee of the Research Institute for Future Studies in Health, Kerman, Iran). Then, the effects were analyzed with the STEEP method and in interaction with other two panel of experts. In the next step, the effects were examined, and after reaching a consensus, the future wheel of the effects and their time horizon was provided.

In this study, 81 effects of the emerging infectious disease pandemics on the elderly were identified in 6 dimensions of socio-psychological (n=25), technological (n=3), economic (n=7), environmental (n=1), political (n=3), and health (n=38). Of these, 10 opportunities and 9 threats and their time horizons were extracted. 

The outbreak of the emerging infectious diseases such as COVID-19 can leave multi-dimensional effects on the elderly in the world including Iran. We can take advantage of the experiences of facing the COVID-19 pandemic and consider the requirements and solutions for dealing with similar pandemics in the future.

Strengthening the functions of health research and taking a systematic approach to the development of science and technology are essential for overcoming current challenges in health sector. Therefore, the functional pathology of current research plays a crucial role in highlighting the gap between what is and what should be, thereby illuminating the path of scientific development in health sector with a focus on current challenges.

In this study, interviews with experts, review of documents and conducting an expert panel were used. The method of data analysis is qualitative analysis with a framework analysis approach. A total of 32 experts were selected from heads of research centers, experts of the national innovation system, science and technology policy, health policy, graduate students and faculty members, senior researchers, NGOs and international experts. A review of relevant national and international documents has been done to strengthen and analyze the findings. The content analysis of the findings of two phases was carried out with a framework analysis approach and was presented in an expert panel consisting of representatives of the interviewees. The results of the panel were analyzed and to draw the future triangle consisting of the weight of the past, the push of the present and the pull of the future.

The findings of the study have been analyzed in the framework of the future triangle, including the weight of the history, the push of the present, and the pull of the future. The weight of the history and the push of the present were identified and analyzed in the form of past and present challenges of the health research system in seven main functions. Including stewardship and leadership, coordination of research and policymaking, translation of policies and upstream documents at the operational level of research, resource management, performance evaluation and monitoring, human resource empowerment, and evidence-informed policymaking. The pull of future includes the need to draw a coherent national macro image with a forward-looking, participatory and transparent approach, in which attention is paid to the management of conflict of interests, coherence in resource management and strengthening of intersectoral collaborations.

The main solutions to address the current challenges in the country's health research system include agreement on concepts, a unified vision and stable procedures, strengthening the relationship between different levels of management (inter-ministerial, ministerial, and university), enhancing education and research at the level of medical ministry and universities, establishing appropriate structures for knowledge translation, strengthening national funds supporting the research, reforming the evaluation system, and undertaking a fundamental review of human resource empowerment model.

Population aging is a phenomenon that will happenin the near future and brings opportunities and threats to the health system. The medical-science education will be affected by this phenomenon and one needs to be prepared to deal with it optimally. This study was conductedwith the aim of expressing some of the effects of the aging phenomenon on medical-science education and solutions to deal with it.

The information was obtained by a systematic review method by searching in databases in the form of Farsi and English articles. For this purpose, keywords related to the subject was searched and after extracting and classifying the contents, the results were presented.

However, the findings indicate that the effects of the aging phenomenon on the education of medical sciences can be investigated in various ways. Three dimensions of these effects were categorized, analyzed, and presented in this study, including formation of aging-friendly Universities, formation of new jobs suitable for aging, and use of innovative approaches in being prepared to face this phenomenon.

Aging is an inevitable event, requiring new policies and methods to deal with its related future issues. This phenomenon impacts the society, especially the education of medical sciences and the business environment, which highlights the need to consider appropriate strategies in facing this isusue. Paying serious attention to the convergence of sciences, interacting with industry, observing and scanning world changes, taking advantage of the experiences of other countries, assessing and planning for human-resource allocation, and applying novel approaches are some strategic samples that can be used in dealing with this phenomenon.

Since the end of the twentieth century, the concept of emerging technologies and their science network and governance have been considered by academia, media and policy makers. The emerging technologies are “radically novel or disruptive and relatively fast-developing, but still nascent, scientific-technological developments that may have prominent economic, environment or social impacts”.

In focus group discussions with the presence of experts in science and technology (expert panel), their opinions about the emerging technologies were recorded. Subsequently, a list of these technologies that were determined by brain storming in the expert panel, was categorized in subsectors of the Roco and Bainbridge convergence foundational science and technology system (Nano-Bio-Info-Cogno-AI, in brief NBICA).

There is considerable opportunity in the emerging science and technologies (e.g., artificial intelligence, telemedicine and digital health, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, synthetic biology, gene editing, neurotechnology, biosensors, 3D printing and robotics) for achieving scientific authority, promotion of justice and creation of social security. The majority of these emerging technologies were revealed to be converging technologies in nature. Therefore, they produce significant challenges in the biosafety and biosecurity domains.

There is a strategic opportunity in the convergence foundational science and technology system (NBICA). Wonderful advancements can be achieved in health sector, therapeutic and drug development, social security and justice with the help of these emerging technologies. Hence, a particular attention should be paid to approaches for achieving scientific authority in converging technologies.

Community's health depends on the primary healthcare sector of a country. In recent years, health systems have sought to assess the quality of services provided. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the primary health care system with the Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCAT) in areas covered by the family physician in southeastern Iran.

This was a descriptive-analytical study conducted cross-sectionally. It was performed on 330 recipients of services in health centers implementing the family physician project at Kerman, Bam, Jiroft and Rafsanjan Universities of Medical Sciences. The sampling method in this study was multistage. The instrument used in this study (PCAT) was based on the principles of primary care and is used as a tool to evaluate primary care. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test in the SPSS 19 software.

The findings of this study were in 2 groups of adults and children according to the categorization of the questionnaire. Regarding adults, the highest average score of the questionnaire was related to first encounter - utilization in Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, first encounter - access in Bam University, continuity of care in Rafsanjan University, coordination in Jiroft University, coordination of information systems in Kerman, comprehensiveness of services available in Bam, comprehensiveness of services provided in Rafsanjan's family-oriented care in Kerman, community-oriented care in Kerman, and cultural aspects of care in Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. The difference between the average score in the dimension of the first encounter - utilization and the dimension of comprehensiveness of the services available in universities was significant (p < 0.05). In children, the highest average score was in the questionnaire is in the dimension of first encounter - utilization in Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, first encounter - access in Jiroft University, continuity of care in Rafsanjan University, coordination in Rafsanjan University, coordination of information systems in Kerman, comprehensiveness of services available in Rafsanjan. The comprehensiveness of services provided in Kerman, family-oriented care in Kerman, community-oriented care in Kerman, and cultural aspects of care in Jiroft University of Medical Sciences. The difference between the average score in the dimensions of the first encounter - utilization, coordination, coordination of information systems, comprehensiveness of available services, comprehensiveness of provided services, family-oriented care among universities was significant (p < 0.05).

The present study demonstrated that various aspects of primary care in the areas covered by the family physician project in southeastern Iran had a relatively satisfactory status. The difference in the mean score of primary care in the studied universities shows that although the basic physical structures and hardware of the family physician program are available, it is crucial to provide the necessary facilities to maintain and improve the quality of services provided.

The COVID-19 epidemic and its subsequent effects have become a significant global challenge. In addition to being affected by this crisis, Iran is also facing many other problems, including sanctions and economic problems. So, there is a concern that it will suffer more severe consequences.

Scenario planning is one of the ways to recognize future changes and environmental uncertainties. This study used the so-called global business network (GBN) method, also known as the scenario matrix method. This method is based on two key uncertainties and six steps have been taken to examine variables related to health and socio-economic factors and use the opinions of relevant experts.

To be expected, Iran's health system will be able to manage the epidemic in the face of various conditions with severity and weakness, and only in the pessimistic scenario or in Worst-case scenario with the default assumption of the continuation of sanctions and the spread of the epidemic. It leads to global restrictions, loss of foreign exchange reserves, loss of performance or collapse of the health system, increasing the number of deaths and diminishing the quality of life.

Regarding the COVID-19 epidemic and the existing background factors, scenarios of Iran’s health and economic conditions were narrated. Given the ability of the scenarios to understand the complexity and help in decision-making, it is considered a useful tool for policy makers to have a broader, comprehensive and reasonable look to achieve a correct consensus. This situation leads to the preservation and continuation of society health and conventional economic decisions.

Brain drain is a phenomenon that has become more widespread in recent decades. This issue is gradually becoming a crisis in Iran. Considering the importance of maintaining the elites in the country, this study endeavors to offer solutions to manage this crisis.

In this qualitative study, the opinions of experts on the issue of brain darin were received and analyzed using a crowdsourcing system. Coding method, content analysis and Maxqda10.2 qualitative data analysis software were used to analyse data.

Key results were classified into three main categories: causes of brain drain, its consequences and management strategies. Data analysis lead to extraction of three main categories including: 1) causes of elite migration with two subcategories of repulsive factors of origin and gravity of destination countries;  2) consequences of elite migration with 2 subcategories of elite migration threats and elite migration opportunities; and 3) elite migration strategies with six subcategories of accurate problem recognition, reforming the nurturing system and supporting the elites, establishing and strengthening the system of innovation, reforming the administrative system and meritocracy, promoting the status and dignity of human resources,  fulfilment of the obligationof macro-policymakers.

Elites tend to migrate due to repulsion of the country of origin and multiplicity ofattractions in the destination country. Policymakers in various fields are expected to develop clear programs and laws to manage and eliminate retention of elites and strengthen attractions to prevent the brain drain.

The spiritual dimension of health is the subject of much controversy; since it is not seen as a purely scientific and quantifiable aspect of health. However, it is exactly this quality of spiritual health that makes the thorough examination of the concept worthwhile. Furthermore, a comprehensive assessment of the theoretical concepts associated with it should be prioritized. The present study is a combination of a literature review followed by a series of expert interviews. First, articles addressing the different aspects of spiritual health were identified and acquired from academic databases. After a thorough assessment and evaluation, the findings were listed and prioritized in order to determine the most important aspects of spiritual health. Then, the most significant features were specified and interpreted. The interpretations were then sent to a group of experts for assessment and evaluation. The expert reviews and comments were then collected and analyzed in order to refine and improve the primary interpretations. The responsibilities of the health sector do not end with the provision and maintenance of the physical aspects of health or even the non-medical population. It includes not only promoting spiritual health in health sector graduates and personnel, but also conducting profound scientific studies, providing documentation, and interpreting the evidence for beneficiaries. However, establishing a new university major to train professionals exclusively for pursuing this objective and even adding new university credits in this field does not seem to be necessary from the point of view of experts and studies. In addition to providing the education necessary for students and personnel of each organization, providing adequate spiritual health and promoting the essential education and related skills are also the responsibilities of the health sector. Instead, it is suggested that an active secretariat be established to oversee the promotion of spiritual health in all sectors using the minimum independent facilities and manpower.

Occurrence of medical error by medical staff can endanger patients' safety. Meanwhile, nurses play a role both as one of the main factors in the occurrence of errors and as a barrier against errors, and sometimes face obstacles to reporting errors. In this regard, this study attempted to identify these barriers and provide corrective solutions.

This qualitative quantification study was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, a researcher-made questionnaire was completed by 214 nurses working in teaching hospitals in Kerman. In the second stage, to provide a suitable solution to increase reporting by 23 experts, the centralized group discussion method was used and then the data were analyzed through the framework analysis method.

In the first stage, fear of prosecution and criminal punishment was identified as important obstacles to reporting. In the qualitative stage, three major axes of education, culture and organization and 15 sub-axes including: change of attitude, motivation, job culture, religion, belief of officials, appropriate reward system, use of software, planning, respect, environment, public education and media, use of cyberspace, model presentation, advertising, communication skills of officials were identified.

Because the barriers and issues raised in the reporting of clinical errors, it seems that hospitals with the help of cultural, educational, and structural solutions presented in this study, have the ability to remove barriers to report clinical errors. This way, by increasing error reporting hospitals can improve the quality of health services by reducing individuals' errors.

Studying and evolution of medical sciences is so important to draw up the future path with a view to per capita of science production. The purpose of this study was to clarify the status and position of Iran in science production and compare it with four competitor countries of the region for 2025.

This research is conducted using the scientometric method our ranked citations and ranked document data collection source is the SCImago database. The statistical population is the priority fields of Iran health program, which has 25 field names In three categories: infrastructure, survival, perfection, compared with the four competitor countries in the Middle East. The evaluated time period is examined are from 2010 to 2017. Data analysis is performed using Excel software.

In three groups of infrastructure, survival, and perfection, the results are as below respectively. The highest rate of progress in terms of the ranked document in the groups of infrastructure, family physician area with 314% growth belongs to Iran, in the groups of survival, Nanosciences with 269% growth belongs to Saudi Arabia and in the groups of perfection, nursing with 193% growth belong to Iran again. But in terms of ranked citations, in the groups of infrastructure, health information management with 193% growth belongs to Saudi Arabia and in the groups of survival, Nano sciences with 247% growth belongs to Saudi Arabia and in the groups of perfection, nursing with 166% growth belongs to Egypt.

In terms of ranked citations and ranked document, Iran has achieved the first rank of the region in the majority of subject areas in 2017. Iran and Saudi Arabia in the majority of thematic areas have had an ascending rate and Israel and Turkey have had a descending rate in the ratio of variation in two periods. Iran has also the highest rank in three thematic areas in terms of citations per document comparing to the competitors.

Dementia is a major health problem due to the high costs of treatment, high prevalence in the elderly, severe consequences, and the imposition of physical and psychological stresses on families of the patients. Occupational therapy is one of the most important approaches among many technologies employed for helping the patient and reducing the burden of healthcare for patients. This applied study aimed to investigate the ethical and legal aspects of occupational therapy technology in the elderly with dementia using qualitative methods. The study population consisted of 12 specialists and practitioners in the field of dementia and elderly services in the country. Data collection was carried out by interviewing the expert subjects. The results of this study showed that beneficence/non- maleficence, autonomy/informed consent, maintaining dignity/respect for persons, concern for equality and justice in accessing services, legal support for technology use, need for the principle of discretion, and patient confidentiality, and proper technology utilization are  seven major ethical and legal challenges in occupational therapy technology in the country. According to the results, lack of insurance coverage for occupational therapy technology and the lack of access to this service for the elderly are major barriers to its application and the Ministry of Health must provide the initiatives for its implementation across the country and place it in the elderly service package.

Road accidents are a major public health problem and a political priority for any country around the world. In Iran, road injuries play a more prominent role, and among the countries with the worst road insecurity (red status), it is among the top five countries in the world. Statistics show that Iran's population is about one percent of the world's population,But the percentage of road casualties in Iran is 2% of global casualties and one a half global average In Iran, for road safety and accident reduction, given the experience of other countries and the challenges of unsafe road intensification in the future, we first need to formulate a scenario for the unsafe future of the road and then, considering factors such as the formation of a permanent council. Road safety can be very useful for monitoring and evaluating road safety.

The position of each subject area in scientific production can indicate the ability of the scientific performance of that subject field. Since obstetrics and gynecology is one of the most important clinical sciences discipline of medical science, this study aimed to evaluate the scientific production in the field of obstetrics and gynecology before and after the Iran health reform plan.

This study is a scientometrics, time interval in the study was from 2008 to 2017 on Iranian articles based on the indexes of the number of documents, the number of citations received, the number of citations to each article, and the H-index of obstetrics and gynecology field based on the Web of Science database. It Indicators investigated, was extracted separately from the analysis section of the database.

The average citation per article, the number of documents and the number of citations in the 5 years before the health reform plan respectively in the field of obstetrics and gynecology equal to 10.44, 196.6, 1750.6 and after the implementation of the health reform plan, equal to 3.89, 282.6, 1031.4. Also, the level of international collaboration before and after the project is 13.06 and 13.25, respectively. Also in the field of gynecology and obstetrics, Ramezani Tehrani, with 1.91% of all articles was the most reproductive writer, and Tehran University of Medical Sciences, with the highest scientific productions in the field of obstetrics and gynecology by 23.77% of all productions. Finally, the field of obstetrics and gynecology had the highest share of scientific production by 66.88%.

The findings showed that the scientific production of obstetrics and gynecology, in terms of quantity (number of documents), after the health reform plan, has been growing, but the quality (citation, H-index) is decreasing. Also, international collaboration has grown after the health reform plan. The findings also showed that before and after the health reform plan, the most cooperation was with the United States and the rate has been lower with Asian countries.

Classification or zoning the health services refer to the specialarrangement of health care supplier units; so that health services could be available with the lowest cost and the highest quality for society. Zoning is done to provide cheaper services and effective and equitable distribution of resources and avoiding unnecessary services.Current study has been done to identify the experiences of other countries. Present study is a systematic and meta-synthesis review which is done by of all Persian and English researches that investigated strategies, patterns, processes, results and experiences of leveling and zoning the health care services that entered in systematic review and by using 7 steps technique of meta-synthesis and combination and integration of obtained findings of systematic review. In this part, all of the researches, documents, reports, and evidences of zoning of active countries with the effective experiences for implementing zoning policy are collected and presented.Most of the documents of health services zoning is in US, Canada, Italy, Brazil, Australia and Cuba.Decreasing the expenses and increasing the safety and satisfaction of patients from health services and lack of coordination and information sharing, are the most important challenges of health care zoning in health systems. Findings of this article mentioned the importance of implementation of services zoning for equitable access to health care and also mentioned benefits and limitations that need to be considered to design an appropriate zoning model.

Scientific authority a concept that has changed over the years and in different periods is nowadays a common discourse in Iranian universities and academic societies. Given the recent focus of the scientific community, it is necessary to reach a consensus on a precise definition, theoretical foundations and real strengths and capabilities, organizational and management infrastructure.

The present article describes the levels of scientific authority and some of its philosophical foundations and finally the path forward for achieving the status of scientific authority in Iran.

Scientific hegemony, subject authority, institutional authority, and pioneers authority are the four levels proposed for the concept of scientific authority. Scientific hegemony is widely achieved by being a leader and influential in the path of scientific development of human society. Subject authority refers to a particular ability and capability in a special subject and domain. An institution's authority involves the excellence of some universities and research centers on a particular subject. Finally, the authority of the pioneers comes with the growth and development of top scientists at the international level.

To facilitate the achievement of scientific authority, priorities such as discourse among the educated, the detailed pathology of the past actions, the institutional mapping of the scientific authority in the country, future-oriented approaches, the updating of the concepts of authority using the experience of other countries, identifying appropriate values and strategies in line with upstream documents, setting up a scientific authority roadmap, reinforcing mission orientation, and monitoring of activities are essential.

The concept of global health diplomacy was operationally operational for the first time in 1851 when European countries gathered at the first health conference on collaboration and coordination for cholera, plague and fever diseases. Since the country of Iran faces many challenges and issues, especially environmental issues (the phenomenon of repercussions, droughts), economic problems, and numerous regional sanctions and wars, the country of Iran needs to be in a position to face the challenges of the Middle East. Specialist diplomats, along with training courses on communication and health issues, talks, diplomacy skills, and the skills of cultural, economic, and security diplomacy, will bring the greatest benefits from the potential for building diplomatic relations in the health field. .Given the current status of the strategy of health diplomacy in Iran and the importance of training diplomacy skills for diplomats, the creation of training courses is essential for the future of diplomacy diplomats in the field of diplomacy, Provides appropriate diploma-related negotiations and related sciences.

Plagiarism is the most prevalent type of scientific misconduct, and various rules and strategies have been proposed to combat it in different countries. A review of other countries' experiences in this area contributes to good policymaking. The present study was conducted to introduce preventive interventions of plagiarism in the leading countries. The present study was a qualitative review study of applied practices. In this study, preventive interventions of scientific plagiarism in the 27 European ::::::::union:::::::: countries were studied due to the appropriate coherence and structural similarity at national, organizational, and individual levels. The national-level interventions were analyzed using the content analysis method in mentioned countries. The results of analyzing the national-level interventions were categorized into eight main themes, including reaching a national agreement on examples of scientific plagiarism and misconduct; policy development; monitoring and supervision; financial support development; development of databanks and software; compiling educational programs for faculty members and students; dissemination and use of successful experiences; and eventually establishment of laws related to scientific misconduct, plagiarism, and punishments activities. Using preventive interventions at a national level proves the commitment and determination of policymakers to control and prevent plagiarism. Proper use of preventive interventions at a national level strengthens the controlling and preventive infrastructures of this issue at the organizational level, and enhances moral commitment and professional skills among the country's researchers.

Before any development in scientific health activities, we have to observe its scope and compare it with health sector. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to determine the quality and quantity of the health-prioritized disciplines mentioned in the comprehensive health plan of Iran. This scientometric cross-sectional study was done during 2010-2017. The study population was 26 prioritized areas in three categories of survival, excellence, and infrastructure according to comprehensive health plan of Iran in 2010. The data collection tool was the SCImago database. The number of documents, citation indicators, and h-index were analyzed by Excel. The findings of the research showed that the highest h-index of Iran in the excellence, survival, and infrastructure category was in Nano (90), infectious diseases (67), and systematic ecology (56), respectively. Moreover, the highest ranked citations in three categories of survival, infrastructure, and excellence were related to traditional medicine, family medicine, and dentistry with a global rank of 8, 9 and 15, respectively. In categories of excellence, survival and infrastructure; public health, bioinformatics, and infectious diseases had the highest number of products with 7045, 5371 and 5135 articles. There has been a marked improvement in the quality and quantity of all the subject categories over time. The general domains of excellence, survival, and infrastructure categories had the highest mean H-index, and the highest average growth rate of scientific productions was related to excellence, infrastructure and survival categories, respectively.

In 1995, a huge revolution occurred in Iran’s health system when the entire medical-related educa-tion program was integrated into the Ministry of Health. This paper was conducted to provide a review of all studies investigating this integration and to synthesize their results. This study was a systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis of the papers on integration using the Walsh and Downe process. An extensive search of the databases of ScienceDirect, PubMed, EMBASE, ISI, Google Scholar, Scopus, SID, Magiran, and Irandoc revealed 187 articles of which 25 were selected. The content of the studies was analyzed and combined using the Walsh and Downe technique. The results showed 5 main concepts, including the goals and reasons of the medical education integration, integration achievements, challenges, and barriers to achieving the goals of integration, and the future of integration. The greatest success of the integration program was related to health services, while the least positive effects were related to medical education and research. A review of available documents shows that not all dimensions of integration have been well analyzed and their economic, social, developmental and scientific effects have not been studied. The majority of the limited studies in this regard were surveys and overview studies and few studies used economic analysis and modeling. Therefore, the effects of the integration cannot be evaluated using the available studies.

Article 8 of  the General Health Policy Document   refers to promotion and improvement of  quality and safety of justice-focused services, emphasizes accountability and transparent information, effectiveness, efficiency and productivity  of health networks in accordance with the system of ranking and referral. The purpose of this study was to determine the most important indicators and interventions that can be done. This study was conducted using descriptive and qualitative methods. In order to extract the indicies, texts and documents were reviewed and interviews and expert meetings were used to determine the interventions. The data were analyzed using the framework analysis with consideration of the health system framework. This study extracted five main indicators relating to Article 8 of the General Health Policy. Then, for the implementation of this article, 19 interventions in the resource production, payment, organizing rules and regulations and behavior were proposed. Article 8 of the General Health Policy focuses on two categories of quality and safety of comprehensive health services. In order to improve the quality and safety of services which two important sources namely, health policymakers and managers are required to make a continuous effort for planning using the indicators and interventions mentioned.