سیده زینب حسینی

Focusing on the interconnection between belief, character, and behavior can yield a novel understanding of the concept of 'action'. This research aims to formulate a definition of 'action' based on this relationship, employing a descriptive-analytical methodology. Sadra distinguishes 'action' from a mere doing by positing that 'awareness precedes action'. Practical intellect is responsible for cultivating this awareness, which is facilitated by theoretical intellect's grasp of universal concepts. Each of the three components of religious stations—knowledge, states, and actions—can be viewed both as consequences and antecedents. The repeated performance of actions preceded by awareness, derived from practical intellect, gives rise to acquired dispositions and ethics within the soul. Subsequently, these dispositions foster knowledge. The outcome of this knowledge is a state and a disposition that catalyze actions. Actions preceded by deeper knowledge result in more solidified dispositions, which, in turn, influence the soul's knowledge-based functioning. From this perspective, actions are preparatory steps towards attaining wisdom and serve as precursors to knowledge. Both actions and dispositions are ultimately linked to the purification of the heart, a process of negation that involves removing the obstacles imposed by the sensory realms to reach the ultimate truth. Consequently, the role of action in this relationship is secondary and incidental rather than being the intrinsic or primary objective.

Belief in each aspect of goodness and ugliness can explain and analyze the relationship between action, property and knowledge in a different way. The present study tries to answer this question, what effect does Mulla Sadra's view of goodness and ugliness have on his explanation of the relationship between action, property and knowledge? The purpose of the research is to explain and analyze Sadra's point of view about the category of beauty and ugliness, which is followed by inferential method and descriptive-analytical approach. Sadra is willing to obey the rules of the interests and corruptions of the self-interest. He clearly classified the verbs as good or bad and considers them good and bad. Therefore, he considers the goodness and badness of actions to be intrinsic from an ontological point of view. Sadra considers good as something that reason calls for and ugly as something that reason forbids. Therefore, Sadra considers the goodness and badness of verbs to be rational from an epistemological point of view. Sadra's relationship between action, possessions and knowledge in the arc of the Seleucid ascension can be explained by the belief in inherent goodness and ugliness in the ontological aspect and by the belief in intellectual goodness and ugliness in the epistemological aspect. Actions that lead to possessions and then knowledge, must have inherent goodness and ugliness. This relationship can be explained by the positive and negative aspects of the Seleucid ascending arc. In the arc of Selucid descent, the actions that are issued from the human soul are the result of the goodness and badness of his actions.

Language contact may have a lot of repercussions for the languages involved. Lexical or structural borrowing can be among the results of language contact. Accordingly, the present study investigates the local and borrowed prepositions and pronouns in Kalhori Kurdish due to language contact.To fulfill this goal, a researcher-made questionnaire (list) was used to determine the local and borrowed pronouns and prepositions in Kalhori Kurdish. This list included 35 items: 11 frequent Kurdish prepositions and 24 Kurdish pronouns. The data was collected through interview. Regardless of their education, all the subjects were fluent in both Kurdish and Farsi and were regarded as active bilinguals. In terms of age range, the young participants were between 20-35 years old, and the old participants were between 50-70 years old. Based on age, gender and educational background, the selected subjects were assigned to 8 groups. Each group consisted of 10 people. Totally, 80 people responded to the items in the list through a targeted interview. The data was collected in Ilam (Eyvan) province. Kalhori Kurdish is the mother language of the people. Three-way ANOWA was employed to assess the significance of the probable variations.

This study aims to identify the marketing status of the information services provided by the Central Digital Library of Allameh Tabataba'i University using the 7P marketing mix model. To assess the effectiveness of the marketing strategies, a detailed analysis was conducted following this model, which evaluates the aspects of product, price, place, promotion, people, process, and physical evidence.

This research is classified as applied research in terms of its purpose. A descriptive method was employed to assess the marketing situation of the Central Digital Library of Allameh Tabatabai University, making it a case study. Data were collected using a survey method with a checklist. The research findings are expected to provide valuable insights into the current marketing strategies employed by the library.

According to the findings and observations made by the researchers in the Central Library of Allameh Tabataba'i University, as well as interviews with the librarians of the Digital Library Department of Allameh Tabataba'i University, the following results were obtained: 58.33% adherence to product marketing principles, 46.15% adherence to location marketing principles, 100% adherence to cost marketing principles, 88.88% adherence to user marketing principles, 55.55% adherence to physical evidence marketing principles, 62.50% adherence to process marketing principles, and 61.53% adherence to marketing promotional activities.

To determine the marketing status of the information services offered by the Central Digital Library of Allameh Tabataba'i University, the researchers conducted an investigation using a checklist based on the 7 principles of the 7P marketing model, which included 82 items. The results indicate that, on average, 61% of the marketing principles were observed in the Digital Library of Allameh Tabataba'i University.

Transcendental wisdom has special anthropological foundations that were not paid enough attention to before Mulla Sadra. Sadra's philosophical opinions, as the main pillars of transcendental wisdom, are based on new foundations and unique to an individual who opens a different perspective to thinkers. According to Mulla Sadra's point of view, the relationship between science and practice is a one-sided relationship; In moving from practice to knowledge, practice has a preparatory and preliminary dignity, and in moving from science to practice, practice is the fruit of knowledge. This research has investigated the impact of Sadra's anthropological foundations on his analysis of the relationship between science and practice with an inferential method and a descriptive-analytical approach. These foundations are: the physicality of occurrence and the spirituality of the survival of the soul, the unity of science and the world and the known, the evolutionary movement and human strength, the unity of human identity despite the multiplicity of levels. By analyzing these foundations, an interpretation is presented in accordance with Sadra's anthropological view on the relationship between science and practice.

In the field of methodology of interpretation, it is imperative to recognize the criteria and criteria used in each interpretation in order to clarify the method and resources invoked by each interpreter in the interpretation. The present paper, by describing and analyzing the content, and by reviewing the documents and the library, has been devoted to the methodology of interpreting Al-Quran's system and interpreting Al-Quran Balfarqan. Farahi is one of the most prominent people who has developed the Quranic system theory as a new way of interpreting the Qur'an. His view of the proportions and system of the Qur'an is to explain the unity and unity of the content and the contents of verses and surahs of the Quran. Farah for interpretation, according to his categorization, uses one principle and several attributes: the principle of the Qur'an itself is the best interpreter of its verses, and the consequence includes such things as prophetic hadiths and the words of the Companions, the descent of desires, the use of the words to the Arabs, The word and the root of the word and the books of the past prophets. His method in the commentary also firstly relied on the Quran itself to understand the true meaning of the verses and then the interpretation based on each of the followers. However, he does not recognize reason for reason in the sense of philosophical and logical reason in the interpretation of a position, and in general he has a literary tendency in the "interpretation of the rule of law and the interpretation of al-Qur'ān Balfrqān". In this research, Farahi's interpretation method is explored by explaining each of the above.

Addressing the Quranic verses alongside each other has a long history in interpretative studies. The fundamental concern of the Qur'anic scholars has always been to prove that the Holy Qur'an, with the gradual decline of over two decades, has been developed in the present manner which is available to us with wisdom and divine grace. The design of subjects such as "the order of the verses" in the early centuries, addressing "the fitting of verses and surahs alongside each other" in later centuries and theorizing in the area of "coherence and transplantation of Surahs of the Qur'an" in all new studies In order to prove the order of revelation, the verses of the Holy Qur'an are given. The efforts of the early scholars who began from the 4th century AH were more likely to prove the miracle of the Quran through the existing order of words and phrases. Addresses (338 AH), Bakhlayyat (M 403 AH) and Jorjani (May 471 AH) are the representatives of such a theory. In the Middle Ages of the Qur'anic scholars, in addition to paying attention to the issue of order, the proportion between the verses and even the surahs was a way of discovering the essential interests of the surah and the pleasures contained therein. Tabriz (548 AH), akhrrasy (606 AH), Bekha'i (M 885 AH), Zarkashi (M 794 AH) and Siouti (M 911 AH) are the most prominent proponents of the above theory.
In the fourteenth century, the Qur'an's commentaries traveled a new path by promoting a wave of reformism and scientificism and the slogan of returning to the Qur'an. Meanwhile, special attention to the discovery of surah and the unity and coherence of Quran surahs is a common thread between contemporary interpretations. As the design of issues such as context, axis, section, verse, and relevance of the verse is abundantly visible in these interpretations. Addressing the theory of "unity and coherence of the Qur'anic surahs" in all the contemporary interpretations of the Islamic world, it has support from the Indian subcontinent to Egypt, Syria and Iran. In this regard, perhaps the most serious theoretical work on the inner coherence of the Surahs and beyond can be seen about the unity of the entire Quran in the works of Farah.
Abdul Hamid (Hamid al-Din) Farahi (1280-1999) is a scholar of Jalil Al-Qarad Muslim, a Sunni commentator on contemporary scholarship and a student of Allamah Shabli Nomani. He is one of the most prominent authors of this century in the Indian Subcontinent in various sciences, who have published valuable and unpublished works and various Nafisi treatises in different languages, each of which is unimaginable in its own right. Among his works, "The Interpretation of the Al-Quran System and the Interpretation of Al-Qur'an Balfirqan" is a deep encyclopedia that is written about the interpretation and interpretation of the Holy Qur'an, its eloquence and rhetoric, its contents, and all that is related to the Quranic sciences.

The present study, by describing and analyzing the content and using a bibliographic and bibliographic review technique, has been applied to the methodology of interpreting Al-Quran's system and interpreting Al-Quran by Balfaraghan Abdolhamid Farahi. Through this method of research, one can find resources, expertise, particular interpretative views, and the way Farahi's argument is based.

One of the undeniable necessities of the research process is the methodology of the methodology. This knowledge seeks to identify the appropriate methods for any research based on the method of knowledge, the type of reasoning, the subject of the research, the type of view of the subject, the method of data analysis, the level of data analysis, and the quality of utilization of resources. Therefore, the knowledge of methodology can be considered as the practical logic of research in any science and the infrastructures necessary to understand that science. Methodology has different uses. What is meant in this research is methodology, which means extraction of Farahi's method and resources in the Qur'anic interpretation process; in this way, he can derive his criteria in understanding comprehension issues.
In other words, for the sake of accurate knowledge of Farah's intellectual system, the methodology of his interpretation seems necessary.
The necessity of the methodology of the interpretations is that the public does not regard his commentators as observing a particular pattern and understands the concepts and teachings of the Quran in a nonhuman way and is equally available to the audience. Therefore, the presentation of interpretative doctrines is useful in the form of a systematic model. The outcome of the recognition of the Quran's interpretative methods, the extraction of the method and resources referenced by each interpreter, the influence of religious tendencies and the specialties and personal tastes on the Quranic interpretation

So far, there has not been a comprehensive and independent research on explaining Farah's vision, his interpretive method and his intellectual positions. However, in some articles during the course of addressing the theory of coherence of the Qur'an to contemporary contemporary jurisprudents, Farahi's approach is mentioned in this regard. In the articles on "The Coherence of the Qur'an; The Approach to" Reformation "in the Interpretation" (Aghayi, 2007) and "The Coherence of the Qur'an from Theory to Practice: Comparing the Farahi's Reasoning and Hawi's Interpretative Method" (Hemo, 2009). Briefly, Farahi's view on the order and the consistency of Quran is explained. In the article "Al-Mu'alm'Abd al-Hamid al-Farahi and the Faud al-Darsat al-Quraenyah", only Farahi's personality and bibliography are reserved. (Sharqawi, 2016)
In some studies, while recounting the character and works of Farahi, they briefly describe his view of the theory of order. The articles by Alamam Abdulhamid al-Farahi and Muhajfi Tafsirah, "The Al-Quran System and the Interpretation of Al-Qur'an Balfirqan" (Sharangi, 2004) and "Arawat al-Sheikh Abdul Hamid al-Farahi, in the full range of issues in the interpretation of al-Qur'an al-kerim" (Bandari Nawi, 2016) are an example of this research. In the meantime, the only work that has been compared with a relatively comprehensive approach and from a critical point of view to explaining Farah's method is the book, "Alamam Abdul Hamid al-Farahi and Jahadeh al-Tafsir and Al-Quran." (Narrator, 1436)
Despite the efforts of the abovementioned researchers, the present paper tries to analyze and explain precisely the content of Farah's interpretation, the method of confronting him with his sources and his approach to the Qur'anic and interpretive sciences.

The current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the status and place of political education and guidance and designing guidelines for developing a desirable educational model for political education in Amin University of Police Sciences.The research method is simultaneous combination (qualitative-quantitative). The current research community includes all students of the University of Police Sciences and experts in political education and curriculum. In this research, due to the size of the population, 263 students were selected to complete the questionnaire and 7 professors were randomly and purposefully selected as samples for interviews. Analysis of the quantitative results of this research was done using SPSS 18 statistical software and at two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics. One-sample t-test was used at the level of inferential statistics. In the qualitative part, the data was analyzed and interpreted using the content analysis method. Based on the findings, the current state of education and political guidance is significantly on the medium level. The lack of priority of general courses, especially in the political field, is the most frequent in the university, and based on the information obtained, a desirable educational model of political training for police students was drawn. Kamel will not be fully responsive to the interests and advancement of the main goals of political education and guidance, and the use of educational guidance designed to formulate the educational model and curriculum of political education can be a way forward.

The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between cultural intelligence and organizational intelligence with organizational citizen behavior in Tehran University. The research method is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population includes all the employees of Tehran University in the number of 876 people and the sample size was determined based on Cochran's formula to the number of 203 subjects. Data collection has been done using three questionnaires of cultural intelligence, organizational intelligence and organizational citizen behavior. The reliability of the questionnaires was calculated as 0.86, 0.91, and 0.87 respectively. The results of the analysis show that, among the examined components, only organizational intelligence, cognitive dimension, common destiny, application of knowledge, and performance pressure have no effect on organizational citizenship behavior.

Conceptual metaphor is an important part of cognitive linguistics and is a tool for thinking that presents human facts and experiences in a new category. This article examines the conceptual metaphor of "rope" in the Qur'an, which while having the general meaning of connection and communication, has a structure consisting of several types of metaphors. In one verse, the rope is like a covenant and obligation on the parties who resort to the rope and shows the obligations arising from them, and in a verse, as a high direction, it conceptualizes a valuable position. In another form, the rope of a container is expressed as a sign that indicates the proximity of the transcendent to the servant, and in another metaphorical sense, with the characterization of the rope, the action of living beings is attributed to it. Through these metaphorical expressions, the Qur'an presents a different kind of contemplation and thought to the worlds and recites transcendent concepts to human beings in the form of simple matters and with fluent expression.

The methodology of interpretive books refers to the study of interpretive processes and products and is an important field in the field of interpretive studies. The organized thought of the commentators includes a series of methods and tendencies to achieve the meaning of the verses and the divine meaning. In the present study, the poetic interpretive style is examined analytically-descriptively. Poetic interpretation is one of the contemporary Qur'anic interpretations that has used most of the analytical capacities of the divine text with a social approach. Mohammad Motavi Sha'rawi first tried to interpret each verse with another appropriate verse in terms of meaning and vocabulary, and then sought help from the prophetic hadiths. Hence, his enlightening method of interpretation is based on the verses and the Prophetic tradition. In addition to using credible sources, he has paid considerable attention to the treasures of literature for a deeper understanding as well as useful historical information. Based on the findings of this study, poetic interpretation by explaining the apparent concepts of theology and refining the Qur'anic themes appropriate to the contemporary era, the moral and educational growth of society and responding to the interpretive ambiguities of the audience and the sufficiency of the Qur'an to guide man in individual life And socially acknowledged.

Hassan Hanafi, one of the contemporary Egyptian intellectual thinkers, has a special theory about the hermeneutics of the text called the "theory of interpretation". This theory is based on the effect of the commentator's assumptions on the interpretation, relativism, and different readings of religion. Hanafi’s intellectual support in theorizing has been borrowed from schools such as Phenomenology, humanism, Marxism, Socialism, and the historical-civilizational and neo-Mu'tazilite approaches. In his view, hermeneutics is the science of interpretation, and the text is an abstract form that needs a theme to fill it; Hence we place a contemporary theme for the text. With this hermeneutic reading, Hanafi wants to master the pillars of faith and Islam and re-read theology. His interpretation is a live empirical commentary and common between the interpreter and the reader that focuses on the interpreter's purpose, method, and needs. It also focuses on the needs and demands of the people and relies on the expression of the rights of most people, giving priority to reality and history. There is a serious and fundamental critique of Hanafi eclectic and selective thinking, which we will discuss in the following article. In contrast to previous research, which has often focused on the reporting and methodology of modern Hanafi ideas in the reconstruction of Islamic heritage, this article explain and critique the Hanafi hermeneutic approach in interpreting the Qur'an with descriptive method and conceptual propositional analysis.

One of the topics discussed in Sufi books is the dividing into stages and classification of spiritual journey (suluk). The history of dividing into stages of suluk is in line with the history of Islam, but among the Sufis, the prevalence of this dividing and classification has been clear since the second century AH. From the very beginning of the spread of mysticism, differences between mystics about the classifications were seen, and even in the various writings of a mystic, these differences were visible. In this research, an attempt has been made to show the effective factors in the method of dividing into stages of suluk and to explain the reasons for these classifications. For this purpose, among the famous works of mystics, two important works -  Manṭiq-uṭ-Ṭayr by Attar of Nishapur and Manāzel al-Sāerīn by Khwaja Abdullah Ansari - have been selected and the method of classification of suluk have been compared in them by using the descriptive-analytical method. The results show that different mystical experiences, methods of suluk, types of Fiqhi (Islamic law) attitude and socio-political conditions have caused differences in dividing and classification of spiritual journey (suluk); and thus, differences in the method of naming, the order and number of spiritual stations, etc. have been formed.

This study has been written after studying the opinions of those who believe in the Qur'an and the alphabet and examining how these two opinions interact with each other, in a descriptive-analytical manner with the aim of discovering the principles and criteria of the opinions about the confiscation and ijtihad of the Qur'anic script. The importance of drawing and recording the Qur'an, on the other hand, and examining and criticizing the arguments of those who believe in the seizure or ijtihad of the Qur'anic tradition, raised the question of what principles and arguments the two groups in question express their views on? And what is the preferred opinion? Belief in the confiscation or ijtihad of the Qur'anic Qur'an is one of the most important issues in the field of Qur'anic studies. Those who believe in the prohibition of the Mus'haf tradition consider any change in the way the Qur'anic Mus'hafs are written as unauthorized and as a distortion of the words of the Qur'an, and for this purpose, they cite evidence. In contrast, there is the theory of ijtihad of the Qur'anic script, which in order to facilitate the reading of non-Arabic languages, especially for beginners, allows a change in the script and suggests writing the Qur'an based on the deductive pattern. Examining the theoretical foundations and criticizing and analyzing the arguments presented shows the lack of authenticity of the confiscation of the Mus'haf tradition

Ethnopharmacology, as a multidisciplinary approach for novel drug discovery, provides valuable data about medicinal plants in different cultures.The aim of this ethnopharmacological study was to identify medicinal plants in the Giskan mountain area.

The medical uses of medicinal plants were gathered from 20 local nformants by face-to-face interviews. The relative frequency of citation (FRC) and cultural importance (CI) indices were calculated.

A total of 126 medicinal plants belonging to 58 families were identified. Zataria multiflora, Achillea eriophora DC, Matricario chamomilla, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Pistacia Atlantica, Plantago psyllium, Teucirum polium, Scrophularia striata, Cichorium intybus, Foeniculum vulgare had the highest CI and FRC indices. The highest medical uses were for respiratory diseases, gastrointestinal discomforts, obstetrics and gynecology, general conditions (temprament and weakness), infectious diseases and  metabolic disorders.

There is a vast variety of medicinal plants in the Giskan mountain area. Although most of the therapeutic applications of these plants in this area are the same as Iran’s traditional medicine, the people in the Giskan mountain area use some of these plants for some diseases which are unique for this region. Thus, investigation about these plants should be initiated to discover novel drugs for clinical applications.

The study purpose is to investigate the impact of transformational leadership on innovative performance with mediating roles of culture and strategy innovation.

The present study is applied research and in terms of its nature and method is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population includes 316 employees of Cooperative Development Bank (central offices of Tehran branches). The sample size was 173 based on Cochran's formula and were selected by stratified random sampling method. The Bass and Avolio (1994) questionnaire was used to assess transformational leadership, and the Sattayaraksa and Bonit (2018) questionnaire to assess innovative performance, culture and innovation strategy. The validity of questionnaires was confirmed by content method and their reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha test. Structural equation modeling has been used to analyze the data.

The research findings showed that transformational leadership has a direct and significant effect on innovation culture (with 0.58 coefficient), innovation strategy (with 0.53 coefficient) and innovative performance (with 0.64 coefficient). Also, the indirect impact of transformational leadership through innovation culture (with 0.298 coefficient) and innovation strategy (with 0.360 coefficient) on innovative performance and the direct impact of culture and innovation strategy on innovative performance (with coefficients 0.47, and 0.68) were also confirmed.

Due to the increasing changes in the banking industry, promoting the innovative performance of banks by applying a transformational leadership style and strengthening the culture of innovation and implementing innovation strategies can be a good way to adapt to these changes and respond to diverse customer requests.

The main purpose of this research is to design a model of mentoring system in new employees of the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of implementation method, it is a descriptive survey and is among the mixed researches. The statistical population in the qualitative part includes executive and academic experts in the field of higher education management and in the quantitative part includes all experts and managers working in the headquarters of the MSRT, which used 222 people. They were selected from Cochran's formula and stratified randomly as a sample. The data collection tool was a interview and a researcher-made questionnaire. Content analysis was used to analyze the data in the qualitative part and confirmatory factor analysis was used in the quantitative part.

Findings indicate the identification of four dimensions of the principles of mentoring (with two components of institutional requirements and mentoring requirements); Process (with three components of design and development, implementation and evaluation of mentoring), competencies; (With two components of manti competencies and mentor competencies) and mentoring content (with two components of individual behavior training and organizational behavior training).

The results of this research can be useful for better understanding the mentoring system and its implementation in the organization under study and provide a good basis for other research.

this study aims to investigate the role of technical competency of leaders on innovative work behavior by considering the role of intermediary role .

the research method is applicable in terms of purpose , practical and in terms of nature and method of descriptive - correlation with the approach of the model of structural equation modeling . the statistical population of all employees is a military organization whose sample size was determined using - Morgan table. the data collection instrument was a five - point Likert scale questionnaire whose validity was investigated by the content and content method and their reliability with cronbach 's alpha test was investigated and confirmed . to investigate the normality of the data distribution of kolmogorov - smirnov test , one - sample kolmogorov - smirnov test was used to test the hypotheses of research of structural equation modeling and in order to investigate the variables of the sample t - sample t - test .

The findings indicate that the technical competence of leaders has a positive relationship with innovative work behavior and the capacity to attract knowledge , and the capacity to attract knowledge in the relationship between technical competence of leaders and innovation behavior has a significant role .

promotion of technical competencies of managers is the use of ideas , organizational knowledge and learning development in an organization that can be effective in improving the innovative performance of employees and organizations .

IntroductionDeficit irrigation stress as a consequence of the progressive decrease in water availability has been a hot topic regarding food security during the last two decades (UNESCO, 2012).Growth and development of plants is influenced by reduction in turgor that result in decreased nutrient acquisition from dry soil (Luo et al, 2011). Due to the threat of climate change, there is a need to limit the use of water resources in arid and semi-arid climates. It is therefore important to find new approaches to avoid crop productivity losses in ‘limited fresh-water’ areas. Various strategies have been proposed to help crop production under drought conditions. An alternative and quick strategy to reduce negative effects of drought stress is exogenous application of organic osmolytes or plant growth regulators.Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is considered one of the most important grains for human alimentation. Common bean is susceptible to drought stress or water deficit, which the production of this crop in many places of the world is carried out under drought stress conditions, due to insufficient water supply by rainfall and/or irrigation. Although several studies have investigated the effects of drought stress on growth and physiological parameters of common bean, no research has been carried out on the relationship between salicylic acid and biostimulants and drought tolerance of common bean. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the physiological response of common bean to foliar application salicylic acid and biostimulants under water deficit condition. Materials and methodsField experiments were carried out from June to September 2015 at the Research Farm of Agriculture Faculty at the University of Zanjan, Iran. In order to study the effect of foliar application of salicylic acid (SA) and biostimulants on some physiological treats of common bean cv. Sanry under different irrigation regimes, the experiment was conducted in a split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replicates in research filed of university of Zanjan during 2015. Three different irrigation (I) regimes (100, 75 and 50% ETc) and foliar application of salicylic acid (0.5, 1 and 1.5 mM), Megafol (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% MF) and to distilled water as control were conducted. Seeds of ‘Sanry’ cultivar were sown on 3-4 cm depth, with 15 cm spacing within row and 30 cm spacing between rows. At 3th leaf stage, foliar applications of SA and MF were weekly sprayed. All necessary management practices such as pests and weeds control were done according to recommended practices during the crop growth.Irrigation treatments were calculated based on actual evapotranspiration (ETc) rates. Three irrigation levels were (1) control or irrigation at 100% crop water requirement (I100), Deficit irrigation at 75% and at 50% of control. Foliar treatments include salicylic acid (0.5, 1 and 1.5 mM), Megafol (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% MF) and distilled water as control were randomly applied on the sub-plots. The experiment design was a split-plot model based on a completely randomized block design (three irrigation levels, seven foliar treatments and three replications).Results and discussionIn the present study, the physiological response of common bean plants was investigated after exposure to different levels of water deficit. Furthermore, evaluation of foliar applications of salicylic acid and magafol on cell membrane stability index, leaf relative water content, proline, and antioxidant enzymes activity under different levels of water deficit conditions were done in the current study.The results showed that water deficit stress reduced leaf relative water content and cell membrane stability index, and increased electrolyte leakage, proline content and catalase and peroxidase enzymes activity. Foliar application of SA and MF had significant effects on physiological traits. The highest relative water content was obtained in MF 0.2 and 0.3% treatments. The maximum electrolyte leakage and proline content was observed in 1.5 mM SA. The highest value of peroxidase enzyme activity was achieved with spray MF 0.2% under irrigation 75 ETc%. ConclusionAccording to the results, MF 0.2% treatment had the highest positive effect on physiological traits of common bean plant.

The aim of this study is to design model for implementing mentoring system with emphasis on identifying drivers and consequences of establishing mentoring system. The research sample in qualitative section included 14 knowledgeable people in field of higher education management with purposive non-probabilistic method and in quantitative section, 222 experts working in headquarters of the “Ministry of Science, Research and Technology” using Cochran's formula and stratified random method were chosen. The data collection tool in qualitative part was an interview and in quantitative part was a questionnaire. For data analysis in qualitative part, content analysis method and in quantitative part, confirmatory factor analysis have been used. findings of qualitative part of the research indicate identification of dimensions of mentoring system (including basics and principles of mentoring, mentoring process, Mentor and Mentee competencies and mentoring content), drivers of mentoring system implementation (including motivational, cultural, educational and structural drivers) and consequences of mentoring system implementation (including individual and organizational consequences). Findings of quantitative section also indicated a good fit of model according to results of factor analysis. From findings of this study, it can be concluded that management of organization by creating and developing drivers for implementation of mentoring system can take an effective step to increase individual capabilities, improve employee efficiency, interpersonal communication effectiveness and socialization of new employees.

Research into ibn Badis's intellectual plan illuminates that, as much as possible, he based his thoughts and views on the Quran and the Prophetic tradition. Believing in the inability of the human mind to comprehend the unseen, he enumerates logical conditions for sound rational reasoning. In general, ibn Badis paid special attention to the interpretation of the Quran and dealt with educational, corrective, and cultural issues in this context. Even during the time Algeria was occupied by French colonialists, relying on the Quran and the Prophetic tradition, he solidified the Algerians’ ideas to make them fight against the domination of the colonialists and to stimulate their Islamic-Arab identity. Therefore, his enlightening method in interpreting the verses of the Quran is first based on the Quran and the Prophetic tradition, and then, in the absence of evidence from these two, he turns to the hadiths of the Companions and the Successors. In still later stages, he clarifies the meaning by using the words and their roots, taking advantage of the proportions among the verses, relying on the cause of Revelation or using the context of the verses and the Arabic poems and literature, etc. In general, he has a social orientation in “Majalis al-Tazkir min Kalam al-Hakim al-Khabir” commentary. Using the content analysis method, the present study examines ibn Badis's interpretation method by explaining each of the above-mentioned issues.

In order to study the effects of salicylic acid (SA) and megafol (MF), on pod and seed yield and quality of common bean cv. Sanry under water deficit stress, the field experiment was conducted in split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Three different irrigation regimes (33, 66 and 100% ETc) and foliar application of SA (0.5, 1 and 1.5 mM) and megafol (0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 percent) were conducted. The results showed that water deficit stress significantly reduced pod lengh, pod fresh weight, seed number per pod, pod and seed yield, leaf relative water content and nitogen, phosphor and potassium contents. Water deficit stress reduced pod yield of 67.6% in 75% ETc and 94% in 50% ETc. Foliar application of SA and MF improved yield and quality of seed and pod, leaf relative water content and nutrient contents. The highest pod yield (13625.3 kg.ha-1), number of pods per plant (7.69), seed yield (4303.87 kg.ha-1), protein yield (671.8 kg.ha-1), carbohydrate yield (3356.7 kg.ha-1) was obtained with application of MF 0.2% under irrigation 100% ETc. The maximum value of carbohydrates (55.9 and 55.25%) was observed with application of MF 0.2% under irrigation 75 and 50% ETc, respectively. According to the results, the application of SA 1.5 mM and MF 0.2% can be proposed to improve yield and quality of pod under normal irrigation and water deficit stress.

The nature of revelation is one of the challenging topics of contemporary religious studies. In the meantime, Islamic scholars, influenced by Western thinkers, have put forward controversial views that are somehow in disagreement with traditional Muslim reading. To consider revelation from Humanity is the essence of such a confrontation that was first put forward by neo-Mu’tazeli theorists. Meanwhile, Hassan Hanafi uses the views of Western scholars to give a materialistic look at what the Qur'anic revelation is. In his view, revelation is an independent science that one deduces and establishes the rules, and nothing new is revealed to us and that is beyond the reach of reason. Revelation from his perspective ascends from the human side rather than descending upon it; therefore, the task of revelation is not to lead people to God, but to train human beings, and the Prophet's mission is to convey revelation in pure meanings and to describe and develop revelation based on the level of public understanding, and this can only be accomplished by means of emotional intuition.

In order to study the effect of foliar application of salicylic acid (SA) and biostimulants on growth, physiological characters, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentration and pod yield of common bean cv. Sanry under different irrigation regimes, the experiment was conducted split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replicates in research filed of university of Zanjan during 2015. Three different irrigation (I) regimes (100, 75 and 50% ETc) and foliar application of salicylic acid (0.5, 1 and 1.5 mM), Megafol (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% MF) and to distilled water as control were conducted. The results showed that water deficit stress significantly reduced growth and pod yield. Foliar application of SA and MF enhanced growth and fruit yield. The irrigation × foliar treatments interactions results suggested that maximum leaf number (43.1), leaf area (2729.3 cm-2) and pod yield (6193.9 kg.ha-1) was obtained using MF 0.2% under I100 %ETc. Plants sprayed with SA 1.5mM and MF 0.2% exhibited higher stomatal conductance (205.27 mM.m-2s-1) under I100 %ETc. The highest N (2.47%), P (181.6 ppm) and K (0.88%) concentration was found in plants sprayed with MF 0.2%, SA 1mM and MF 0.3%, respectively under I100 %ETc. According to the results, MF 0.2% and SA 0.5 mM had the highest effects on growth and pod yield under water deficit stress.