دکتر علی حمیدی زاده

The role of fire departments in helping people in need is essential. This study aims to investigate the mediating role of job satisfaction in the relationship of job performance with career adaptability and job commitment in employees of the Fire Department in Qom, Iran.

This is a descriptive-correlational study. Participants were 60 employees of the Fire Department In Qom Province, Iran, who were selected by simple random sampling method. Four questionnaires were used to collect data: Song et al.’s career adapt-ability scale, Blau & Boal’s job commitment scale, Irawanto et al.’s job satisfaction scale, and Sony & Mekoth’s job performance scale. The data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling with a partial least squares approach in Warp PLS software, version 7.0.

Job commitment had a significant relationship with job satisfaction (t=0.687, P<0.001). The relationship of career adaptability with job satisfaction was not significant (P=0.087). The relationship of job satisfaction with job performance was significant (t=0.321, P=0.004). The relationship of job commitment with job performance mediated by job satisfaction was significant (t=0.221, P<0.001). The relationship of career adaptability with job performance was not significant even after mediation by job satisfaction (P>0.05).

Job commitment in employees of the Fire Department In Qom Province has no significant direct relationship with their job performance; however, it has an indirect significant relationship with their job performance after mediation by job satisfaction. Their career adaptability has no significant relationship with job satisfaction. There is no significant relationship between career adaptability and job performance in fire department employees, even after mediation by job satisfaction.

The decline in environmental quality has raised public concern about environmental issues. Even in the greenest countries, policymakers face the significant challenge of understanding why environmental policies are often ineffective in addressing these problems. According to the 2024 Global Environmental Performance Index, Iran ranks 133rd out of 180 countries, reflecting a poor global standing and numerous environmental crises, including ecosystem conversion, biodiversity loss, increasing dust storms, drying wetlands and lakes, water resource depletion, land subsidence, and air and soil pollution. Contributing factors include a lack of robust development plans, ineffective environmental policies, outdated laws and regulations, and inadequate coordination among agencies and organizations. These issues underscore the urgent need for effective environmental policymaking to address the growing crises. This study, recognizing the importance of the formulation stage in public policymaking, proposes a model for developing environmental policies in Iran to address these challenges and reduce environmental pollution.

This study employed a qualitative research approach, incorporating both library and field research methods for data collection. Data were gathered through note-taking and expert interviews. The analysis was conducted using a thematic analysis strategy, chosen for its ability to extract meaningful insights from qualitative data, such as interview transcripts. The coding and thematic analysis process followed a comprehensive, step-by-step approach. Using purposive sampling, the research team interviewed 13 experts, including university professors, environmental researchers, executives from the Environmental Protection Organization, and managers involved in environmental policymaking. The interviews continued until thematic saturation was achieved, indicating no new themes or concepts were emerging. To ensure reliability, the test-retest reliability index was applied to the coding of the interviews. In this approach, a few randomly selected interviews were coded and then re-coded after a certain period to compare the consistency of the codes. This technique helped verify the reliability of the thematic analysis process.

The study results indicate that a model for formulating environmental policies to achieve sustainable development comprises eight key themes: economic factors, social factors, environmental factors, political factors, legal requirements, institutional capacity, key stakeholders in policy formulation, and the process of formulating environmental policies. Each theme plays a crucial role in policy development. Addressing environmental issues without a collective approach to these themes is likely to be ineffective. A fragmented approach to implementing these themes can lead to disruptions in development and significant harm to environmental resources. The results emphasize the need for a comprehensive approach that considers all these factors to effectively address environmental challenges and work toward sustainable developmen.

To effectively tackle environmental crises, a holistic approach must be embraced in environmental policy formulation. Social, political, legal, and institutional factors must be carefully considered to avoid severe challenges and complications. Active participation from community organizations, NGOs, citizens, and local stakeholders in policymaking can play a significant role in resolving environmental issues. This requires not only the restructuring of institutional frameworks to strengthen environmental governance but also a review of existing legal systems to ensure they are conducive to effective policymaking. It also highlights the importance of combining bottom-up and top-down policies to improve environmental performance indicators. Bottom-up opportunities from local communities and civil society, along with top-down engagement from legislative, executive, and judicial branches, are critical to shaping effective policies.

The explosive growth of data generation in the era of information and communication has led to the formation of a new concept called big data. Big data has created exciting and irreplaceable opportunities in different fields, one of the most important users of big data are businesses, but there have always been challenges and various regulatory disorders in the exploitation of big data by businesses in Iran. One of the most important reasons for these regulatory disorders is the existence of disagreements and different interpretations among policy actors regarding some key issues in this field. The present research, using the Q methodology, after identifying the disputed issues and interviewing 16 experts in this field who were selected by the purposeful sampling method, has dealt with the typology and categorization of the mindsets among the policy actors in this field. The results of this research show that there are 6 types of mentalities in facing the application of big data in the economic environment of the country: “authoritarians”, “fans of a competitive rule-based economy”, “supporters of an open self-regulating economy”, “moderate regulators”, “confused” and “supporters of centralized, non-security decision-making" that each of them interprets the issues in this field from their own point of view. Finally, by examining and analyzing “agreed expressions” and “differentiating expressions”, recommendations for effective policy making in this field have been presented.

The increasing complexity and transformation of the business environment resulting from the development of information technology as well as the advent of Web 2.0 interactive tools have led to the formation of networking and social media platforms. The trend towards changing processes in the field of marketing and e-commerce has not only influenced firms to adapt but has also made them more inclined to choose more aggressive tools and strategies to stay competitive and gain an advantage in this evolving environment. Meanwhile, the development of social commerce taking place in the context of widespread developments can impact choosing one of these tools. Social media has developed online platforms through which people can create, share, and exchange their experiences with others. They enable users to follow a variety of content through text, images, music, and video, and to share generated content in a variety of ways in addition to creating original content (Liao et al., 2022). Therefore, the media not only strengthen the connections between network users but also help companies to establish closer relationships with their consumers and, consequently, increase sales of products and services (Mou & Benyoucef, 2021).

This study is conducted primarily to provide a framework for the development of social commerce. This is a qualitative study in terms of strategy, a basic study in terms of purpose, and a descriptive study in terms of nature and method. In this study, the Barroso and Sandelowski (2007) meta-synthesis strategy was used to collect data, and the Braun and Clark (2006) thematic analysis method was used to analyze the data. The references were screened using the meta-synthesis approach. Out of a total of 221 related papers published between 2010 and 2020, 76 were carefully reviewed. The researchers used the Kappa coefficient to evaluate the reliability of the findings, and the triangulation method to validate research findings.

After analyzing the findings by the thematic analysis method, 33 basic themes, nine organizing themes, and three comprehensive themes were identified and labeled as "social value creation", "technological synergy", and "social normalization". According to the results, special attention should be paid to factors such as social trust-building, network marketing, shared value creation, controlled risk, content-oriented interactions, social support, social and value communication with the customer, exchange of cognitive-emotional experiences, platform support, interactive content production, social sharing, reproduction of social capital, and development of social interactions to develop social commerce.

Examining past findings showed that various factors are involved in the success and development of social business. This study, with a comprehensive approach, could manage to investigate the factors affecting the creation and development of social commerce systematically and, in the meantime, provide a framework for the development of this field.

Today, "anthropology" is a very frequent word with multiple meanings in the texts of social sciences and humanities, and by combining with other words, it creates diverse and wide-ranging expressions that sometimes share words with each other, overlap in meaning, or overlap. For example, what is equivalent to the term religious anthropology in Farsi, is usually a word common to two distinct concepts of religious anthropology and religious anthropology. In this article, first the reason for such conceptual interferences is revealed, then with the help of logical classification method, the types of "religious anthropology" are introduced and the place of each of them in the knowledge of anthropology is determined. Of course, for this purpose, it was first necessary to draw the various branches of the tree of anthropological knowledge in a logical concept.This research is developmental-applied and its method is descriptive-analytical. The data were collected using the library method and the qualitative content analysis method of categorization, analysis and finally classified in a logical model with methodological criteria. Based on the results of this research, religious anthropology can be achieved by all four philosophical, mystical, scientific and narrative methods and of course with different applications and scopes.

With the expansion of technology in businesses, customers don’t want to be exposed to extensive traditional advertising. Therefore, businesses should use new advertising and marketing methods. The purpose of this research is to explain the content marketing model in the banking industry that can help increase market share in this industry. In the qualitative part, the available information was collected and codes were identified, which were categorized in the form of new concepts and categories, and it was the basis for designing the questions and the interview protocol. Theoretical saturation has been achieved after 13 interviews with experts of 7 banks. Based on 70 codes related to 23 concepts related to the research topic, the final model has been designed. In the second step, the validation of the presented model has been done with the quantitative approach of structural equation modeling. The tool for collecting data in the quantitative section was a closed-ended questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale. Because the number of items in the questionnaire was 70items, 319 questionnaires were distributed and collected among bank employees and used in the analysis. The final categories of the model are: content planning, content production, content distribution, qualitative market share, quantitative market share and valuation, based on the findings of the qualitative stage, the model was designed, and in the second stage, equations were modeled with a quantitative approach. It has been structurally validated. The analysis of the output of the questionnaires confirms the appropriateness of the mentioned model.

The present research aims to design a model for the political intelligence of the managers of governmental companies in terms of the effective governance model. This is an applied study with respect to its objective, and a mixed study with respect to its method. In the qualitative part, the statistical population includes 15 experts; that is, senior managers of the governmental section, and in the quantitative part, it includes the managers and employees of governmental organizations. Of these, a sample of 384 individuals was selected. The main tool for data collection in the qualitative part is semi-structured interview, and the in the quantitative part is the researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed through the content validation method. To assess the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was calculated. The hypotheses were tested with the technique of partial least squares and the PLS software. The results of the qualitative analysis includes 15 themes: language games, stress management, practical knowledge, organizational changes, having a political character, manipulation of feelings, human resources, explicit truthfulness, entrepreneurship, power dynamics, manipulation of information, social games, economic factors, policies and laws, and organizational culture. In accordance with the obtained results, the themes were put on 8 levels. Then, 15 hypotheses were put forward, which were analyzed and then confirmed by drawing on structural equations.

The present study was conducted to design a sales culture model in Ilam gas refinery with a data theory approach. The present study was conducted systematically using the grounded theory method. Sampling was theoretical method with targeted technique and snowball, based on which 18 interviews with experts and culture building of experts were conducted. Half-used interviews were used for data collection; the results obtained from the interviews were activated during the open, central and selective coding process to establish the foundation theory in the field of sales culture. The results of this study showed that causal conditions (individual development plan, personal characteristics of employees, optimal infrastructure, organizational characteristics and organizational environment) create a central category of research in the culture of production (customer-customer priority, teamwork), identity Section, management support, reliability, reliability, profitability value) are provided. Sales and marketing integration research strategies, sales strategy category, market-produced matrix category that generates messages (unit / other level, training company, industry and national course). Strategies can be accepted in contextual contexts (national culture, description, and economic status), in addition to the two intervening contexts as a result of environmental law that cause the environment to change in order to act.

Today, the world's population in 2018 is 7,632,819,325 billion. %54 of the world's population lives in urban areas and that trend is expected to increase to 66 percent by 2050. In other words, half of the world's population currently lives in cities, and %95 of population growth will occur in developing cities over the next 90 years. Until 1800, only %3 of the population lived in cities, and by 1900, less than %15 lived in cities. Among the problems of urban development is one of the most important risk of air pollution, which has greatly affected the lives of human societies and has caused a lot of costs in the field of health and urban management. According to the World Health Organization, 9 out of 10 people breathe polluted air, and it is estimated that 7 million people die each year as a result of environmental and household pollution. Iran in general and the metropolis of Tehran in particular are no exception to this rule, so that according to statistical data in 2017, 29,098 people died due to air pollution in Iran..The number of factors affecting air pollution based on the method and cases studied is 18 factors. These factors include, Natural factors, Fossil Fuels, Environmentally friendly technologies, Migration and population density, transportation and traffic, Planning and policy making, green space, Lack of proper budget allocation, Urban location and focus of administrative and commercial centers, Establishment of a factory in the west of Tehran, Improper expansion of the city and construction of urban highways, Weakness in waste management and landfill.

The philosophical foundations of research are interpretive. The research orientation is applied. In this research, the research approach is combined. The research method in this research is qualitative and quantitative .The research layer was in the form of field and library activities. The research strategy in this research is survey. The objectives of the research are descriptive and data collection procedures using questionnaires and documents. Also, data analysis tools in this research have been performed using Wizard scenario software.

For this purpose, first, the factors affecting air pollution in Tehran must be identified, which has been achieved in the previous stages. Also, the classification of factors into primary and secondary has been done by experts. The classification of primary and secondary factors is such that factors, natural factors, fossil fuels, environmentally friendly technologies, establishment of a factory in the west of Tehran, urban location and concentration of administrative and commercial centers and transportation and traffic are among the primary factors. And factors, migration and population density, expansion and growth of industry, home and industrial cooling and heating equipment, design and program and policy, cultural factors, high-rise construction, e-government, allocation of appropriate budget, uncontrolled expansion of the city and construction Urban highways, waste management and landfilling, agricultural and mining activities are among the secondary factors.In order to perform the analysis process, it is necessary to define different modes (descriptors) for each identified indicator or factor, because to work with Wizard scenario software, different modes of a factor must be specified, in order to be able to accurately analyze the previous conditions. After identifying its modes and descriptors, a cross-impact analysis questionnaire was designed, which was completed by 10 experts in air pollution. Each of them has a master's or doctoral degree in environmental and policy-making. Then, by taking the mode (frequency of the most selected number) from the answer sheet of the experts, the final numbers in the form related to the software are loaded. By placing the factors and descriptors in the Wizard scenario software as well as the descriptions related to the descriptors in the matrix in the data output software, the Wizard scenario software has provided 6,718,464 scenarios, of which only two The scenario is adaptable and exploitable.

The city of Tehran is facing the same problem. However, the issue that is of special importance in this regard should be considered from a trans-organizational point of view, and serious and fundamental attention should be paid to this institutionalized problem in Tehran, because the costs of preventing air pollution will be far less than treating and eradicating it. In fact, according to the results obtained from the Wizard scenario software, structurally, the most important primary factors affecting air pollution in Tehran, including urban location and focus of administrative and commercial centers, environmentally friendly technologies, natural factors, Fossil fuel is the plant's location in the west of Tehran and transportation and traffic. In this category, we have examined the primary impact mechanisms on the system. Of course, in addition to being effective on the system, each mechanism has a certain amount of passive on the system, and there is no absolute active or absolute passive. Among the primary active mechanisms of urban location and concentration of commercial administrative centers, it has the greatest active factor on the system, while on the least active on the system and the most passive factor is transportation and traffic. Also, the most important secondary factors affecting air pollution in Tehran in terms of structure, according to the analysis of the grade system provided by the software, can be design, program and policy, allocation of appropriate budget, migration and population density, e-government, Western factors, respectively. He pointed to the expansion and growth of industry, the uncontrolled expansion of Tehran and the construction of urban highways, high-rise construction, waste management and landfill management, green space, home cooling and heating equipment, and agricultural and mining activities. In fact, these secondary mechanisms represent a discussion of the direct effects on the system.

With the spread of technology in the business environment, customers have also begun to change their behaviors. Technology has allowed customers to access a wide range of products and market information before attempting to enter the market. As such, they are less likely to be exposed to widespread traditional advertising. businesses must use new methods of advertising and information about their products and services. This study aims to provide a model for increasing the share of the target market in the banking industry, focusing on content marketing. The researcher first collected data and information and categorized the identified codes into new concepts and categories, which was the basis for designing the interview questions and protocol. The final categories are content planning, content production, content distribution, qualitative market share, quantitative market share, and, valuation. A total of 13 interviews with experts from 7 banks have been conducted to achieve theoretical saturation. The final model is designed and presented based on 81 codes related to 23 concepts related to the research topic. As a result, a model was designed that by increasing the qualitative share of the target banking market, including the components of "brand promotion", "improving trust between banks and customers" and "creating conscious attention", promotes a small share of the target market in areas will be depositors, investors, and borrowers.

In many organizations, they have faced various issues, including issues related to human resource management, one of which is the management of employees' careers. In career management, most research focuses on career advancement and job demotion is neglected. Therefore, focusing on the phenomenon of job demotion, the purpose of this study is to explain the dimensions and consequences of job demotion of employees. This research has been done using a qualitative approach and Meta-synthesis tools. Data collection tools and information in the present study, past documents that generally include 37 sources. The research findings indicate that this phenomenon includes various dimensions and will have consequences in the organization. Its dimensions are: reduction of organizational hierarchy, reduction of authority, weakening of job content, getting out of the job path and weakening of service compensation, the consequences of this phenomenon at the separate level of the individual and the organization can be positive or negative. Based on the consequences of job decline, organizations should be careful in choosing this phenomenon for their employees because it may lead to the destruction of human capital.

In recent years, the formation of banking service start-ups or fintech has caused a change in the way of providing various banking services. This research aims to shape the international entrepreneurial marketing model of fintech by relying on a mixed approach. The current research is practical in terms of purpose and exploratory in terms of nature. Using the qualitative approach and Delphi technique, the research identifies the dimensions and components affecting the international entrepreneurial marketing model of banking services startups. The research population in the qualitative part consists of banking system experts with work experience in the field of banking service start-ups selected by the snowball sampling method and in the quantitative part, including all the employees of the international branches of Saderat Bank whose sample size is according to the Karjesi-Morgan table using the available sampling method. After analyzing the data with the Delphi method and SPSS and SmartPLS 3 software, the research findings indicated that 93 components in the form of 25 dimensions can be presented in the research model. The analysis of the research model showed that at the confidence level of 95%, all the paths proposed in the conceptual model of the research were confirmed and significant. Paying attention to the features presented in the proposed research model is important since it can help the managers of the aforementioned startups to be smart to maximize profitability and minimize risk in international markets.

 Nowadays for making strong brands, service organizations need to activate and institutionalize their brand values ​​within the organization. With this premise, the leading research has been defined and implemented with the aim of developing an internal brand activation model from the perspective of human resource management activities in service organizations.

 Data analysis obtained from 151 people in qualitative session, using theme analysis method, and 751 code sources were obtained. After analyzing the results, 112 sub-codes related to internal brand activation were identified and classified into 37 concepts and 15 categories. Also, to evaluate the reliability of coding, the agreement coefficient of kappa (0.65 at a significance level of 0.016) was used, which is in an acceptable level.

The limitation of this research has been doing it in one bank, which makes it difficult to generalize it to the whole ecosystem.

This study provides an executive framework for brand activation in service organizations.Innovation or value of the Article Addressing a new concept that has an important place in the branding process and a model that with a systematic structure, will streamline the brand in the spirit of the organization.

The growing evolution of social networks with intensified role in the business world and consequently in the advertising in one hand, and the ease of deception in such emerging media on the other hand, have increased the prevalence of deceptive advertising and false claims in the communication and commercial media. In this way, it is difficult for the audiences of social media ads to distinguish between the truthful and deceptive advertising and this can lead to distrust to social media advertising and reduced sales. In this regard, the present research aimed at providing a model for the perceived deception of social media advertising using grounded theory. For the purpose, in-depth and semi-structured interviews were performed among 15 people who had past deception related experiences in their purchase from social networks. Data analysis was undertaken using open coding method and MAXQDA 2020 software. Finally, the research conceptual model was designed based on 8 main categories, 15 sub-categories, and 71 concepts, and it was revealed that social media perceived usefulness and social media ads characteristics as “causes”, and media characteristics as “covariance” were effective on perceived deception. In this regard, customer knowledge and perceived trust were considered as “contingencies”. Consumer attitude was recognized as “condition”, and consumer characteristics was presented as contextual factor for such a process resulting in the occurrence of consumer psychological damage known as individual consequence of social media ads perceived deception.

Needs assessment is a first step in the process of human resources soft skills learning and development programs designing, and paying attention to it, will increase the effectiveness of them. this study addresses the need assessment for learning, and development programs of human resources soft skills in public organizations. Lack of attention to the essential differences between soft and hard skills in the needs assessment stage, will cause problems in the later stages of the personnel development process. Based on this, first the components of human resources soft skills were identified using the systematic review method; Then in order to identify other components of the needs assessment, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 experts in the field of human resources training and development, and content analysis was performed. Then, the findings validity of the content analysis, was calculated using the Delphi method, and descriptive statistics, and was confirmed by reaching the maximum consensus of the panelists participating in the study. Finally, soft skills were identified in two categories of individual, and social soft skills with 20 components, and needs assessment components with two main themes, four sub-themes and eight codes. Lack of proper attention to soft skills by public organizations indicates their need to designing these programs. It is also worthwhile to pay attention to the codification of soft skills in the jobs description in the needs assessment stage, and the necessary .classification between managerial and non-managerial jobs in terms of the type of their need for soft skills.

Corporate social responsibility has attracted many researchers over the past decade. Since the organizations need to serve different kinds of people (such as shareholders, customers and employees), It is important for them to be familiar with social responsibility because it creates great opportunities for growth and prosperity in the market and among customers. In this way, they would have the ability to acquire a good reputation in the market, and create a positive image of themselves in customers’ mind. The main objective of this study is to investigate the influence of social responsibility of the bank on employee performance and customer satisfaction and loyalty. Statistical universe of the research included customers of a private bank (whose name has not been mentioned in this study due to confidentiality). In this research, by using random sampling method, 189 people from Tehran branches of the bank were selected. Finally, after distributing 200 copies of questionnaire in the statistical universe, 189 questionnaires were accepted to analyze. Further, to analyze data, we employed structural equations modelling (SEM) using Warp PLS software. Results show that social responsibility affects employee performance and perceived quality of services however it does not have any significant impact on customer satisfaction. In addition, employee satisfaction has a significant impact on customer satisfaction contributing to customer behavioral and attitudinal loyalty.