ali abdi kordani

Surface water caused by rainfall is very important on the road surface. Usually, this work is provided with the help of longitudinal and transverse slopes of the track. This is more important in the location of horizontal arches considering the role that their correct design has in providing safety. In this research, the method of using elevation at the place of change of the transverse slope of the road has been investigated in terms of low and good vertical acceleration of the vehicle. The use of crooked elevation can be placed at both ends of the horizontal arch or simply placed at the place of change of the drainage route. The vertical acceleration study has been done with the help of the dynamic model of the suspension system of a quarter car with two degrees of freedom.Analytical geometry and linear algebra methods were used for the geometric modeling of the route. The equations of the asphalt top plate in place on the height of the curve were obtained for the general geometrical data of the track such as the width of the track, the transverse slope in the straight horizontal path, the length applied to the height of the curve. In the following, by mathematical modeling of the planes perpendicular to the vehicle's path (parallel to the longitudinal axis of the road) and determining the intersection lines with the road surfaces, the equations of the longitudinal profile of the road (contact point of the vehicle wheel) were determined.

The imbalance of supply and demand during rush hours causes traffic congestion on roads, which has a significant impact on safety, travel time, and fuel consumption. Investigating the behavior of drivers before congestion and traffic jams can help to reduce its effects while providing suitable solutions. Although the prediction of drivers' behavior using different models has been presented by researchers, the prediction of drivers' behavior before traffic jams has not been paid much attention. The main purpose of this study is to determine the model for predicting the behavior of drivers when they encounter traffic jams using a neural network model. In this research, the behavior of 124 drivers was processed by recording video films without attracting drivers' attention, and the demographic and behavioral characteristics of the drivers were extracted from the analysis of the questionnaires completed by the drivers. After descriptive analysis, the collected data were evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis of the relationships between the observed and latent (attitudinal or behavioral) variables in Amos v.24 software, and two latent variables of law evasion and aggressive driving were determined. According to the output of the neural network model that was formed in SPSS software, the most important in predicting the behavior of drivers to lane changes when encountering traffic jams is the attitudinal variable of law evasion and then the transverse distance to obstacles or cars on the left and right side of the target car. The accuracy of the model for the test data is equal to 93.9%.

The moving weighing system is one of the most efficient methods to control the weight of vehicles passing through a section. ongoing weighing system is a useful and efficient technology to control overloaded vehicles and prevent road pavement damage. In this research, the optimization model of overload reduction in vehicles by using ongoing weighing system, Analytical Hierarchy process has been used. The aim of the Hierarchical Analysis Process technique is to select the best option based on different criteria through pairwise comparison. This technique is also used to weight the criteria. The parameters are clear and the importance of their weighting is as follows: among the main criteria, the volume of heavy vehicles with a weight of 0.220 ranks first, the traffic volume of AADT with a weight of 0.194 ranks second, the length of the route with a weight of 0.168 ranks third, the average axis speed with a weight of 0.123 ranks fourth, violations With a weight of 0.111, it ranks fifth, the average number of crossing lanes with a weight of 0.110 ranks sixth, and the average number of truck loads with a weight of 0.061 ranks seventh. The final weight of the options is obtained by multiplying the relative weight of the options by the weight of the main criteria. Arak-Salfachegan axis has won the first rank with a weight of 0.438, Arak-Broujerd axis has won the second rank with a weight of 0.313, and Arak-Kanar Gozur North axis has won the third rank with a weight of 0.093.

The aim of this study is to increase the temperature of the asphalt mixture too much, which causes rutting phenomenon in the asphalt pavement. Evaluation of the effect of using PCM as a bitumen additive is to control the temperature of the asphalt mixture. For this purpose, conductive materials (MWCNT 1.5%), nano materials (Cuo 4%) and polymer (SBS 5%) have been used separately and in combination in 6 mixed designs.Classic tests of bitumen include degree of penetration and softening point to determine PI and elastic recovery test to determine stretchability properties of bitumen. The RV test, which is a part of Sharp's tests, was investigated to determine the viscosity of bitumen. FT-IR was used to analyze the changes in the chemical composition of bitumen, DRS was used to determine the amount of energy absorption in bitumen and thermal analysis of bitumen was done by DSC test. The results of the tests show that the use of PCM improves Pi and the Pi of bitumen has increased to 2.88. The elastic return of bitumen has reached 81% from 2%. Also, according to the results of FT-IR and DRS, the use of PCM can almost eliminate the destructive groups in bitumen and increase the amount of energy absorption of bitumen by more than 90%.According to the results of DSC diagrams, the use of these materials has increased the energy storage in bitumen and improved the phase change temperature.

Today, the proper use of waste and disposal that affects the environment around us, It has received a lot of attention, Because it is both environmentally and economically valuable to help with the environment we are in. According to that thousands of tons of steel waste is produced annually in the country's industrial community And through the collection of these wastes and their relocation to the factory and their smelting, they are again produced under steel conditions at high cost Or, because of its indivisibility, it is left unused in our environment and takes up a lot of space. Therefore reusing these wastes would be very beneficial. Research has shown that the use of iron filings in ordinary concrete has been repeatedly performed by different individuals, but in roller compacted concrete, it has not been done separately to reduce or increase resistances. This type of concrete pavement is known as the roller compacted concrete which has zero slump and is much cheaper and has a better performance than other concrete pavements. Due to the good advantages of this type of pavement over other asphalt and concrete pavements, the tendency to use this type of pavement is increasing. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of iron filings on the mechanical properties of roller compacted concrete in road pavement. In this research, after purchasing the aggregate, iron filing, cement and providing these materials in the laboratory, The process of screening the aggregates was performed.

Airports are one of the most vital infrastructures of any country, which play an important role in transporting cargo and passengers to different parts of the world. The preservation and optimal use of airport resources and assets is one of the main goals of airport managers. On the other hand, airlines have a special concern on saving time, fuel consumption, maintaining passenger satisfaction, and so on. One of the most important resources in the world's major airports are the gates of the passenger terminals of airports, which have an undeniable aspect in the better performance of the airport. The assigning of aircraft to these gates has long been a concern for researchers in operations research as well as air transport activists. This research deals with the issue of assigning aircraft to the passenger terminal gate. The problem of optimal gate assignment is a complex issue and requires consideration of many parameters and variables in order to achieve the desired result. In this research, it’s tried to solve the gate allocation problem by presenting a suitable model. Providing an appropriate linear model is one of the main challenges of the problem. A special attention has been paid to the issue of safety. Therefore, by applying safety restrictions, a suitable model is provided. The main purpose of this study is to minimize the scatter of idle (lost) gates while not preventing mismatch between flight size and gate and also justifying safety needs. These cases are assigned and examined in the framework of the optimization model in this research. To solve such problems, which are usually not possible by manual calculations or are very time consuming, the metaheuristic algorithms are used. Since because NP-Hard nature of problem, it is very time consuming and difficult in the usual way. Therefore, this study tries to provide an efficient and fast way to solve the gate assignment problem. In the proposed method, first all the sentences of the objective function were considered as, then all were divided into two categories of hard and soft constraints. On the other hand, in the model of the basic method, the power of two terms in the objective function is used. The proposed model was modified. In the end, it was tried to modify the terms of the objective function and constraints in such a way that in addition to meeting the expectations and constraints of the problem, it allows the use of two flights from the same gate (MARS effect) to increase resource efficiency. The method is based on a genetic algorithm that includes the initial population, selection, combination or mutation, generation of a new offspring, and re-selection. In this study, 5 scenarios with various flights and gates have been used. The improvement of total idle times in the first scenario was 72.75%, in the second scenario 76.92%, in the third scenario 82.38%, in the fourth scenario 82.38% and in the fifth scenario 79.67%. All of results. Show the efficiency of proposed model.

One of the important needs for developed and developing countries is to create a complete, regular, extensive and efficient transportation system. But as we know, every development, especially development in the transportation industry, has a series of important features and characteristics, in addition to which the negative characteristics of such development must be considered in order for our development to be sustainable. Observance of the principles of environmental evaluation of construction projects before the implementation of the project and in the initial studies and phase one of the project is the aim of the research is to provide a model for assessing the environmental sustainability of airports. To achieve this goal, the indicators were weighted within the framework of the AHP weight model and Excel software was used to analyze the data. The indicators of this research to evaluate the environmental sustainability of airports based on the questionnaire of experts in scoring the criteria are: air pollution weighing 0.43, noise pollution weighing 0.28, land use 0.12, biological factors weighing 0.11, hirological factors weighing 0.07. Also in this analysis, experts in the field visit concluded that Rasht Airport with a weight of 0.206 has the first rank, Mehrabad Airport with a weight of 0.195 has the second rank and Abadan Airport with a weight of 0.484 has gained the third rank.

Among the most important competitive advantages in the air transportation market is having a hub airport for planning and establishing flight routes.The current research, in terms of the type of objective, is practical and has been conducted using a mixed method.In the qualitative part, after reviewing the literature and library studies, the theoretical framework of the planning research, and then to complete and explain the effective dimensions and components in the development of the international hub market, the statistical community includes experts and airport managers who had at least 20 years of experience in the Aviation Industry by Purposive sampling (judgment and snowball) method, 12 people were selected and semi-structured interviews were conducted with them until the Theoretical Saturation was reached.After data implementation and three stages of coding (open, axial and selective) using the theme analysis method, 172 primary themes were presented in the form of 31 organizing themes as components and 8 inclusive themes as dimensions of the conceptual model.In the quantitative part of the research, in order to confirm or modify the identified dimensions and components, by using a researcher-made questionnaire and targeted sampling, the opinions of 14 industry experts were obtained by Delphi method in two stages and the conceptual model was confirmed. Based on the results obtained, the main dimensions of the international hub with a market development approach for IKA airport include 8 dimensions of infrastructures, service facilities, economic factors, competitive factors, international cultural issues, geographic location, legal factors and agreements, political issues and sanctions

Horizontal alignments are one of the most important parts of road infrastructure. Safety and driving comfort in these areas has always been the focus of researchers. Due to the geometric nature and especially the change in the curvature of the road and the existence of superelevation, horizontal alignments are more prone to accidents than other parts of the highways. Superelevation attaining based on current methods has linear form. Spiral transition curves as one of the most practical options for connecting between a circular alignment and a straight path, in the absence of a circular part (due to geometric constraints or designer's initial choice) can be considered as a spiral-spiral combination. In this case, linear increase in path edge elevation from start to top (connection point of the two spirals) and then a sudden linear descent to the end of the second spiral can cause problems for safety and comfort of the vehicle passengers. In this study, in order to solve this problem, the use of nonlinear superelevation attaining at the junction of the two spiral alignments has been investigated. For this purpose, the quarter car suspension model was used to study the vertical acceleration. According to the research results, by applying linear superelevation attaining in the spiral-spiral alignments, at the starting point of the spiral or at the junction of the two spirals, vertical acceleration above the ride comfort threshold (0.8 m/s2), based on vehicle speed, will be very probable (even three times the mentioned limit). On the other hand, by using non-linear methods as combined parabolic and cubic equations, the mentioned vertical acceleration will be reduced to less than 0.8 m/s2. As an example, for design speed of 100 km/hr, and using linear method, the vertical acceleration will be 2.5 m/s2, while with nonlinear method it reduces to 0.8 m/s2.

Nowadays, with remarkable and rapid advance in aerial transportation throughout the world, airports are confronted with passenger traffic growth. the world's major airports replace the airport modern management into the absolute development of flying parts, to increase the capacity of airports and prevent the cost surplus to requirements. One of the problems is the lack of available space for the development of the flying field. Meanwhile, duo to the comprehensive sanctions against Iran especially in aviation and increase in aerial traffic, air fleet has been exhausted. According to the recent political agreement and Iran will to modernize the fleet, in the not too distant future it is expected the country's airport capacity will not be adequate for the air traffics. Due to economic policy as well as strategic locations, Tehran Mehrabad and Imam Khomeini airports should have the ability to meet the highest volume of air traffic; while there are problems of land possession and development in Mehrabad airport because of the age of the establishment and Imam Khomeini Airport also requires planning for development in the future.In this study, according to the air traffic prediction in the years 1394, 1404 and 1414, the number of required position in Mehrabad airport will be determined 44, 61 and 81 and 21, 38 and 63 positions in Imam Khomeini International Airport respectively. And then by examining factors affecting the capacity of stopover airports, Mehrabad and Imam Khomeini airport capacity at peak hours will be 3 and 4 aircrafts with operating category C in the year 1404 and, 4 and 6 aircraft in 1414. Moreover, it is predicted that the development area in Mehrabad and Imam Khomeini airports will be 10700 and 42800 square meters in the year 1404 and 95000 and 267300 square meters in the year 1414.

Skidding in horizontal curves is a common type of accident that endangers passenger safety and may happen due to various reasons. Investigating the co-relations between Vehicle dynamic parameters and road shoulder type by taking yaw rate changes, the human factor (speed and encroachment angle), and road geometry (width, material, and slope of shoulder and roadway) via vehicle dynamic simulation helps to realize the skidding mechanism on horizontal curves caused by the shoulders. The importance of this study reveals by considering that similar studies have not probed the relations between vehicle dynamic and shoulder parameters based on observing the danger of skidding. The simulation process in this study is conducted via the vehicle dynamic simulation software Carsim and Trucksim which can evaluate the stability of the vehicle in various driving conditions. By conducting 324 scenarios generated by the simulation software, several models are achieved based on the relation between parameters affecting vehicle yaw rate for Sedan, SUV, and Truck types of vehicles. Scenarios are generated by considering unwanted road departures in horizontal curves in all types of vehicles with various speeds and placements of outer tires on different types of shoulders. As the results of the simulated scenarios demonstrate, the average yaw rate of a Truck is 6.41 to 19.65 percent higher than the SUV and Sedan types, respectively. Even though the average amount of yaw rate for Sedan against SUV and Truck is greater by 6.7% and 20%, respectively. Also, the simulation results show that when the outer tires are on a gravel shoulder and the inner ones are on the roadway in horizontal curves, the amount of yaw rate for Sedan, SUV, and Truck would be 1.06, 0.76, and 0.66 percent, respectively, which are lower than the cases in which the gravel shoulder is replaced with an asphalt one. Furthermore, Results indicate that shoulders with various widths, cross slopes, and materials, influence aspects of highway safety-related to vehicle yaw rate significantly. This influence depends on the dynamic and geometric features of each type of vehicle.

Run-Off-the-Road crashes (including: overturning, outgoing or fixed object crashes) form a considerable part of all rural road crashes and delineation generally affects them. This study aims at evaluating longitudinal delineation using pavement markings and its combination with the road pavement raised markers in the reduction of rural road crashes. Thereafter, the crash modification factor (CMF) will be found applying the before-after study on several treatment sites. In order to, traffic and crash data and the other required data for evaluating with empirical Bayes method gathered in Khorasan Razavi province in year 2014 as the treatment year for delineation activities.

Asphalt mixtures with aggregate or stone mastic asphalt (SMA) are among the hot asphalt mixtures that have been used in different countries due to their special characteristics and in order to increase the load-bearing capacity of pavements and increase their surface friction. Excessive use of bitumen in these mixtures forms a relatively thick membrane of bitumen on aggregates, and creates special properties for these mixtures compared to asphalt concrete mixtures. Various methods have been used to strengthen of the asphalt mixture, such as the use of various additives. Rice Husk Ash (RHA) filler is one of the additives that has been proposed to improve the connection between asphalt bonding and materials used in addition to the environmental aspect. For this purpose, in this paper, a total of nine types of SMA in different percentages of bitumen 60/70 and with the percentage of replacement of filler stone materials with 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% filler of RHA, and experiment Marshall were done on them. The results of mechanical properties showed that the addition of rice husk filler improved the adhesion between bitumen and aggregates and increased the rutting resistance of SMA by increasing the Marshall Ratio. Increased unit weight and percentage of space filled with bitumen due to the increase in the thickness of the bituminous membrane around the aggregates and due to the presence of rice husk filler were other results of this study. Finally, it was concluded that the replacement of aggregates filler with RHA filler in different percentages and 6.5% bitumen resulted in better result.

Today, significant proportion of movements for short distances is carried out with feet. The separation of pedestrian traffic with traffic passing through highways and highways is one of the issues that, in addition to ensuring the safety of pedestrians, also cover the flow of traffic. One of the safe passageways of these pedestrian crossings is the construction of passageways of non-level pedestrians. Therefore, the mathematical model in this research was designed with the goal of the minimum total distance of pedestrians to the passage. Model inputs were prepared using the ArcGIS software, such as applying the population to applications and obtaining distances, then by solving this model, an optimal locating of non-level passes was performed using Genetic Algorithm. In order to optimize the management of project costs, the passageways were prioritized based on effective parameters. Thus, by identifying the effective parameters such as the size of the pedestrian and the volume and speed of the vehicles, using ArcGIS, the information layers of the parameters were created and applied to the layers using the required hierarchical weighting method and this method of prioritizing the non-level crossings of the pedestrian is done. The research method was carried out on a case study and non-level crossings were locally located in the area. The importance of effective parameters for prioritizing non-level passes, pedestrian accidents, and the volume of passing pedestrians from the street had the most important factor. Finally, 21 points for constructing of pedestrian crossing is determined that prioritized based on Genetic Algorithm

The low resistance of asphalt mixtures to dynamic loads results in fatigue cracks, rutting, and ultimately reduced service life of the pavement. Hence, advanced countries are looking for new ways to build and maintain roads, as well as efforts to use new technologies to upgrade old pavements, indicating the attention of these countries to maintaining the status of roads at the optimum level. One of the methods for modifying bituminous and asphalt mixtures is the use of a variety of additives. The additives are used because bitumen cannot be used in all Weather and loading conditions. Iran, with its four season climate, experiences special weather effects on most of the development projects. Road pavement is one of the most influential projects in this regard. In addition to testing, using an artificial neural network can be a good solution to reduce costs and time to results evaluation. In this paper, along with the study of the effects of various additives on the functional properties of asphalt mixtures, the use of artificial neural network to predict the different properties of asphalt mix is also discussed.

Ride comfort and sight distance are two main parameters of designing roads’ vertical curves. Vertical acceleration is one of the most important criteria for measuring ride comfort in vertical curves. Vertical acceleration equations in geometric design of roads in the literature, such as Green Book of AASHTO, are based on point mass model where vehicle is assumed to be a point object with a specific mass. Considering that vehicle is a multi-body system, dynamic responses of each part of this system can be different from a point object. In this study, CarSim and TruckSim dynamic simulation softwares utilizing Multi-Body (M-B) model are used to investigate more accurately the vertical acceleration, and to compare it with the vertical acceleration of the point mass model. Dynamic responses of three types of vehicles have been investigated under different speeds and grades. Results indicated a significant difference between the results of the two models, depending on the vehicle speed and the road grade, and the point mass model suggested less acceleration such that difference of the vertical acceleration between the point mass model and the M-B model, depending on the vehicle speed and the road grade, ranged 12.6-25.9% for Sedan, 23.8-29.1% for SUV and 29-47.6% for the truck. According to the results of this study, to design vertical curves, the use of M-B dynamic model, according to more accurate simulation of the vehicle, delivers more realistic design.

Given the increasing urban life, air pollution and increased vehicle traffic, high fuel consumption and wasting of citizens' time, it is necessary to use methods that increase the efficiency of existing transportation facilities. The purpose of this research is to analyze and evaluate the tramway pavement buried in simulated asphalt pavement using a finite element model constructed in ABAQUS software. The specification of the model is made up of 200 mm asphalt for thickness of 140 mm and a height of 100 mm. For this purpose, the effects of single and simultaneous loads of horizontal and vertical load on the system were applied, and the results of the output, including von Meyss stress and deformation measures, were evaluated. The results of this study indicate that stress in one-way loading is more critical than the two-way mode, with the highest stress and strain occurring in the interior of the two rails.

Stimulating the following vehicles by the leading ones repeatedly is created by the different reasons such as a sudden drop in the speed of the leading vehicle and lane changing maneuvers that result in stop and go traffic. It leads to several negative effects, such as reduction in safety, and increase in travel delay. When follower driver of platoon receives the last released wave of downstream to upstream in the traffic oscillation, he or she makes different reactions with respect to the released wave. They result in forming different behavioral patterns and behavior diversion from equilibrium driver. The behavior change analysis of the driver-vehicle unit is an indispensable factor for increasing and decreasing frequent repetitions in traffic oscillation. In this paper, employs vehicle trajectory data from Next Generation Simulation (NGSIM) program. The vehicle trajectory data of two freeway sites of the NGSIM program, Interstate 80 (I-80) and US highway 101 (US-101), were used in transportation and traffic research (NGSIM, 2006). Platoons of vehicles identified through a traffic disturbance classify in deceleration phase based on driver behavior. When the follower vehicle receives a deceleration wave, the follower’s reaction may be to create a high or low speed drop. Driver behavior in deceleration phase leads to congestion classify into four behavioral patterns: under reaction and over reaction based on maneuvering errors of follower driver. Follower vehicles react different responses to deceleration wave in deceleration phase. The reactions result in low and more speed drop between Newell driver, low and more delay time of moving vehicles. A high speed drop, more safe spacing, results in the development of under reaction pattern. Also, a low speed drop, lower safe spacing, results in over reaction. In this paper, behavior diversion parameter and time of deceleration phase are assessed, based on observed behavioral patterns and using data envelopment analysis. Follower vehicles with different numbers in traffic stop and go traffic is considered as decision making units, leading to different decision-making units in the vehicle platoon. Using data envelopment analysis method, efficient units for trajectory data are analyzed, which is based on any behavior that indicates the delay in the vehicle platoon. More performance of behavior diversion parameter and time as result of any decision making unit are identified based on any diffused deceleration wave and follower spacing of receiving deceleration wave that results in the lowest delay time of vehicle platoon of deceleration phase. The results of the analysis show that the most effective decision making unit of overreaction behavioral pattern is created in the vehicle platoon at the same spacing and velocity values but the amount of different acceleration wave and behavioral changes. Based on under reaction pattern, the greatest delay in the platoon is proportional to the different speeds and spacing but the same deceleration wave which represents the most inefficient driving situation of a vehicle following the vehicle platoon. Present results can help traffic engineers in simulating vehicles movements of freeways to evaluate vehicle moves of F level of service for calculating delay and speed drop of vehicle platoon.

Pricing is one of the most common methods for demand management in transportation engineering. This method can also be efficient for curb parking demands in down town areas and central business districts. The aim of this study is to assess and predict the effects of curb parking cost elasticity on mode choice behavior of motorists. The stated preference method is used for data collection in central business district (CBD) of Qazvin city and the mode choice behavior of motorists was modeled due to different pricing scenarios. Using a Binary Logit, it can be concluded that the price value of motorists’ car, car ownership per household, hourly parking rate in CBD, maximum hourly parking rate which users are willing to pay, trip purpose and household size of users are significant in users’ mode choice utility due to pricing. The results indicated that by increasing the parking hourly rate by 1%, the probability of choosing private car decreases by 0.004% and also by increasing the user's maximum payment for parking by 1%, the probability of choosing private car increases by 0.016%.

Among the important issues, the question of justice and equality in the design of the network is being used. There have been various concepts of equality, including equality between generations, equality between landowners and equality between the users of the system. As well as ways for considering the measure in question is investigated, such as problem solving multi-objective or add conditions of equality as a restriction. In this study, the purpose of social justice that is considered urban development plan including toll of civilians and their spending in a way that conflicts of interests between any pair of area traffic network users does not exceed acceptable value. A parallel programming model to solve two problem of pricing and in terms of social justice networks is investigated. The results of two-state solution with and without observing the conditions of justice about the optimal toll rate has similar results. In the event that the optimal toll rate for non-compliance with the requirement of justice was equal to 1.85 currency, in the case of compliance with the conditions of social justice and equality, this rate was equal to 1.6 currency. Observation shoed that optimality of the objective function and answer are reduced, the general interest of the users of the network declined.

The field and object: Road transportation is the most conventional way of transportation all over the world. Part of the road transportation is related to dangerous goods and materials that In addition to high advantages, it can also cause irretrievable effects. then after ensuring the safety of the intended cargo, must select the most suitable path for hazardous material displacement.The purpose of this study is trying to determine the appropriate path for road transportation of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), as a type of hazardous materials in Karaj metropolis. In this metropolis, LPG road transportation performs in 6 paths.
The method of this research is that at first, economic, social, security and environmental criteria contemplate to determine the appropriate path. After that, the Network analysis process (ANP) is stablished to weight the criteria. The mentioned method by geographic information systems (GIS) is supported to review and more accurate and faster analysis of the transportation risk.