mohammadreza zand moghadam

Iran is located on the Alpine-Himalaya earthquake belt and is one of the most earthquake-prone countries in the world. ways to deal with this natural hazard are very important. One of the ways to deal with an earthquake and reduce the damages caused by it is the preparation of the general public against this event, and the preparation of the society requires public education and public education of citizens. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of public education in reducing urban hazards (earthquakes). The method of the present research is library-based, with library studies and documentary methods, and in order to prioritize the indicators, a questionnaire has been developed. The statistical population is the citizens of Semnan city, in order to determine the minimum sample size, 384 people were selected by simple random method using Morgan's table. In order to achieve more optimal goals by using the various criteria stated in the past, a new method has been proposed in which a distinction is made between the different stages of an earthquake, i.e. before an earthquake, during an earthquake, and after an earthquake. and coefficients were attributed to each of them based on their importance, and finally a value was obtained that expresses the level of people's preparedness against earthquakes.

We gave the measures after the earthquake a higher coefficient than the others (before the earthquake and during the earthquake) (0.40), we obtained the coefficient of each measure after the earthquake, before the earthquake and after the earthquake.

Considering that the level of preparedness of the people of Semnan city against the earthquake based on the stated criteria, an average level was obtained, it can be concluded that the people of this city need general education of the citizens.

Due to the importance of the quality of life factor in the urban planning system, attention to the concept of intelligence and the expansion of its influence is brought up more and more, which has drawn the attention of many thinkers to the concept of a smart city, which results in the review and presentation of factors and indicators effective in the realization of a smart city. One of the effective factors is the emergence of startups. Therefore, the current research aims to present a smart city model using startups, which is mixed in terms of purpose, practicality and terms of data analysis. The statistical population in the qualitative phase was considered to include experts in the fields of urban planning and urban management, and 11 experts were selected using the sampling method. In the quantitative phase, the senior and middle managers of the municipalities of Tehran were selected as the statistical population and 350 people were selected as the statistical sample. To perform descriptive and inferential analyses, Spss and PLS Smart software were used. The research results led to a research model including nine comprehensive themes and twenty-one constructive themes. The analysis between these two variables with a significant number (17.809) and path coefficient (coefficient 0.945) showed that startups have a positive and relatively strong significant effect on the smart city. According to the research findings, it should be said that nowadays new organizational architectures, changing strategies and start-ups are used to realize the smart city. Because the smart city is managed based on data and the use of complex information technology systems to integrate services and urban infrastructure. The main axis of transformation and development in the smart city is information technology, startups and urban innovations in line with the implementation and realization of the smart city They have a special place.

Undoubtedly, confronted with an immense volume of data and information, and recognizing time as the paramount capital in modern city administrations, the imperative is clear: embracing new technologies becomes unavoidable. In the realm of participatory decision-making, the utilization of virtual environmental systems offers a practical avenue. These systems enable the selection of viable and fitting solutions through the evaluation of simulated ideas, thereby averting erroneous decisions. The principal objective of this research is to usher in a novel perspective within Iran's urban planning, wherein the precedence of landscape design hinges on the attainment of a sustainable urban landscape, emphasizing the active involvement of local residents in the design process.In this article, the snowball sampling method is employed. The significant components of collaborative urban development and collaborative virtual environments were discerned and analyzed using the Delphi method. Factors with lesser impact on the research model were identified through expert opinions, resulting in the formulation of a conceptual model based on both existing models and responses from a questionnaire. In crafting this conceptual model, expert opinions were amalgamated through the brainstorming method, facilitating the derivation of a suitable model using the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method. Following this approach, a sustainable urban landscape system can be envisioned for the Rudaki area, leveraging its substantial potential in historical and cultural identity. This process, rooted in network analysis, not only offers a valuable output for decision-making but also serves as a foundation for designing a sustainable urban landscape system.

The old texture of every city represents the history and identity of the past. It is one of the measures that can be taken to preserve it. The transformation of these roads into pedestrian paths can be an attractive destination for pedestrians and the growth and development of a sustainable city. help Therefore, the attention of most urban managers to urban movement spaces such as "pedestrians" is one of the most basic parts of urban policies to achieve sustainable development, especially in ancient cities with historical value

This research is "descriptive-analytical" if the topic is to investigate the relationships between the variables (descriptive) and provide suggestions that can be used in the practical field, and the measurement method is used if the variables in question are measured using a questionnaire. Methodology The questionnaire consists of simple, anonymous questions based on the scale and options in relation to the research hypotheses, with direct reference to the individuals. If the method of selection of statistical samples in this research, according to the subject and nature of the method, stratified sampling (simple random sampling in each class) is proportional to the allocation, the validity of the questionnaire will be determined in priority. The relevant experts have been used. Also, after the opinions of the experts, the Spearman's rank coefficient has been used to check the validity of the research if it has been accepted. According to the questions raised by the Likert spectrum, the indicators were divided into three categories, and the weighting of the indicators was carried out using the entropy method.

In this article, by examining various pedestrian indicators from the point of view of sustainable development in the city of Samnan, including sustainable development indicators, tourism indicators, in the process of pedestrian regeneration, based on questionnaires compiled using hypothesis testing methods, the average of a community t- test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and then ranking indices based on entropy weight and finally TOPSIS method. The data analysis is performed and the hypotheses are investigated. The analysis of pedestrian access, surface service and pedestrian services has been used according to the 2016 HCM manual.

The following indicators will be correctly defined in the process of pedestrian reconstruction in the city of Samnan and can be effective. But the level of service in this area is low. In order to have a sustainable development, the pedestrian axis in this street becomes important and requires higher level services.

The importance of urban furniture in most cities of the country is one of the important topics of urban planners and beautifiers. Paying attention to elements such as proper design, dimensions, proper placement and monitoring, etc., has the ability to reduce vandalism.

With the aim of better identifying these elements, this research has tried to provide a suitable model in this regard to urban planners and beautifiers with the aim of reducing vandalism.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlative in nature. The statistical population of the research in the Delphi section and in order to achieve the necessary theoretical saturation was 11 experts from among academic experts and officials of the Semnan urban beautification organization, and for the model test in a larger statistical sample, there were 386 people over 18 years old living in Semnan. People were selected. The necessary data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire tool, and in order to analyze the data, regression analysis was used in the form of structural equation technique and fuzzy inference system.

Studied Areas: 

The geographical scope of this research is the city of Semnan.

The results of the research showed that the designed model has a suitable fit and among the main dimensions, the "psychological factors" dimension with a factor load of 0.96 has the highest correlation with the main concept of the research. The composition of the main factors of the model also determined that the best reduction of urban vandalism behaviors will be achieved when the amount of attention to the placement dimension is 1.68, psychological factors dimension is 2.83, supervision is 2.59 and design is 2.62.

The reduction of urban vandalism behaviors is influenced by urban furniture elements and the designed model will reduce urban vandalism behaviors by 39%.

Natural hazards are a reality that has affected a significant part of the southern regions of Semnan today. Due to the fact that in some cases, it is not possible to prevent the occurrence of these natural hazards, therefore, it is very important to investigate the level of resilience against natural disasters. Waghbar) is affected by desert areas, Semnan city.The current research is applied and analytical-descriptive in purpose. Using the fuzzy model, this research seeks to evaluate the resilience of the southern residents of Semnan city against dust, in this regard, 40 questionnaires were provided to experts and specialists, the reliability of the questionnaire was determined by Cronbach's alpha, and its validity was determined by the experts in geography and Urban planning and social sciences were approved. The questions included four dimensions (physical, social, economic and institutional) which were answered by experts. Findings It indicates that: the main question of the research has been rejected at a significant level. And the maximum amount of resilience in the social, economic and organizational dimensions, the amount of resilience is significantly greater than the hypothetical average, so that the three sub-questions of the research are confirmed. they got.According to the research findings, there is no significant relationship between resilience and physical, social, economic, and institutional components. With the explanation that the lower the level of each of the components, the level of resilience also decreases, the results of analyzes and statistical tests show that the state of resilience of Shahr Semnan is not very favorable and resilience tends towards vulnerability. The resilience values of Semnan city are far from the standards.

Over the past decades, modern urbanism has relied too much on the needs of mobility and neglecting the organization of pedestrian spaces. According to the trend, sustainable urban development will be caused if urban planners present the theory of neo-urbanism to save urban centers, and the officials of urban affairs develop plans in the direction of pedestrian traffic, if they themselves put some kind of neo-urbanism in their agenda. In this article, various pedestrian indicators, including pedestrian indicators, sustainable development indicators and tourism indicators, were compiled based on questionnaires and were compiled using the methods of hypothesis testing, equality of averages, a population t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and then ranking indicators based on Weighted entropy and finally TOPSIS method. The analysis of the data has been carried out and the measurement of pedestrian traffic has been done using the HQE2R model, and the analysis of pedestrians, surface service and pedestrian services has been used according to the 2016 HCM manual. Also, the accessibility, movement structure and strategic components of Imam street will be approved through Arc-GIS software and maps of Imam street will be designed. The results of the data analysis and the models used in the research indicate that the indicators in the process of pedestrian regeneration in Semnan city will be correctly defined and can be effective. But the level of service in this area is low. In order to have a sustainable development, the pedestrian axis becomes important in this street and requires higher level services.

The extreme spatial disparity and heterogeneity between Tehran city and other settlements in its urban area have led to a decline in spatial justice and amplified differences within the Tehran metropolitan area. This study aims to identify the key factors that influence the realization of the Tehran Metropolitan Plan objectives in the metropolitan area management system using an institutional approach and meta-synthesis method. A systematic review of scientific research articles published between 1390 to 1400 was conducted, and the meta-synthesis method was used to analyze the findings of 23 studies. The results indicate that the reformation of Tehran Metropolitan's organizational structure is the most crucial step toward institutional change, as per the proposed indicators. At the variable level, the study emphasizes the need for the adoption of a multi-centered development model that aligns with institutional change in planning systems, comprehensive and integrated management of the metropolitan area, shifting towards governance of the metropolitan area, centralization, creating a multifaceted functional network, transparency, accountability, and collaborative efforts.

High construction and demographic congestions, low quality of buildings in the body of communication networks and high degree of surrounding and so on lead to loss of sustainability of living environments and an increase in the number of human waste and financial damages in cases of crisis, especially earthquakes. This thesis is basically aimed at identifying the vulnerable places toward natural disasters as well as safe places at the time of occurrence of crisis for temporary residence and analyzing the role of effective factors in vulnerability of urban zones against earthquake.In this study, 7 indices, namely access to healthcare centers, degree of surrounding, construction congestion, demographic congestion, land usage, building longevity and building quality have been adopted, and vulnerability of the zones against earthquake was examined by means of GIS. Results suggest that old textures of Nasimshahr and body of the passages with high construction and demographic congestions, building low quality, too much distance from relief centers vis-à-vis other bodies and high degree of surrounding are highly vulnerable and will therefore have worse condition in crises. Among the zones, initial core of formation of Nasimshahr is the worst in terms of vulnerability and should be prioritized for crisis management in planning.Thus, 70% of residential textures of Nasimshahr are severely vulnerable; almost 20% of them lies within vulnerable limit, and only 10% lies within the less vulnerable limit. Therefore, the research hypothesis concerning vulnerability of the residential textures and variation of the regional vulnerability due to such characteristics as passage width,congestion,material applied in the buildings,against natural disasters is verified.

Due to the rapid growth of cities and increasing urbanization in recent decades, urban runoff and flood damage is one of the most important and fundamental issues in the field of urban management. The purpose of this study is in the first part; Quantitative simulation of floods caused by rainfall for region 4 of Tehran for the years 1349-1396 using the SWMM model.

The simulation was performed for six-hour showers with 2, 5 and 10 year return periods for 12 hours. In this research, two projects of the best management strategies (BMP) under the garden and green roof climate scenario and a combination of both scenarios to control the maximum runoff in terms of quantity and finally their efficiency in reducing the total volume of runoff out of the basin, is studied. In the second part; Evaluation and analysis of resilience caused by urban floods in the 9 districts of Tehran's 4th district in four dimensions: socio-cultural, economic, managerial-institutional and physical. This section is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of survey and descriptive-analytical methods. The statistical population of the study is the total citizens of Region 4, of which the sample size was calculated using the Cochran's formula of 384 people. According to the obtained results, the third scenario (combining the first and second scenarios) will have the greatest impact on reducing the flow depth and flow rate in the entire surface water collection network.     

Findings of the research in the field of resilience assessment and analysis showed that District 5, District 4 of Tehran is the most desirable district and District 1 and District 8, 4 are the most undesirable in terms of resilience against urban floods.

Districts 4 and 9 are ranked last in terms of resilience-cultural, economic, managerial-institutional), which indicates that this area is weak in some cases, which is to reduce the level of vulnerability. to be noticed.

Natural hazards with their various types and their range of influence as repeated and destructive phenomena have always existed throughout the life of the planet, and after the advent of mankind, they have always been a serious danger to humans. Therefore, this planning before the occurrence Crisis is one of the most important issues facing urban managers today. One of the cities in Iran, which is more than the other cities facing this problem, is Tehran. The 20th district of Tehran is located in the south of Tehran and is one of the areas that is on the dangerous Rei fault, and is one of the major efforts of the past decade in terms of building some infrastructures based on demographic and existing texture. It has not been enough. In this regard, the present study uses a descriptive-analytic method and qualitative and quantitative research to investigate the role of urban open spaces in reducing the damage caused by earthquake with the emphasis on participation of citizens in the region of Tehran. The statistical population of all citizens in Region 20 is 453740. In this study, the present study examines the concept of participation, physical structure of districts in the region 20, the structure of the road network and the consideration of citizens' views on their participation in open spaces after the earthquake. The results of the research showed that there is a relationship between the infrastructure, facilities and the expansion of urban open spaces and the participation of citizens and the damage caused by the earthquake, as well as the lack of planned advertising, the lack of awareness of the facilities and locations of urban open spaces, among the most important Obstacles to the participation of citizens in the use of urban open spaces during an earthquake.

Along with the increase in urban population, Iran’s new cities have faced many problems and these cities have been constructed to absorb the population overflow in the domain of these cities. The new cities are discussed as a novel experience in Iran’s urban system. At first, these cities were constructed to solve Iran’s urban problems, but later, they faced peoples’ lack of satisfaction. Human’s needs can be defined in two material and mental dimensions, in which such needs must be met in an environment he is living in, and lack of meeting these needs can disrupt his life system in two physical and mental dimensions, therefor, studying the issue which is concerned with this point that where the humans can basically live in order not to disrupt his health and happiness are so crucial. According to his divine creation, the human fancies beauty and discipline, so will he have more physical and mental health and shine more efficiently in his personal and social role if he is in a neat and organized environment? What are the negative effects of life in cities where no attention has been paid to people’s needs and how will be its effectiveness? In the present research, we are after achieving and realizing the growth conditions of new cities and their negative and positive consequences through studying and generalizing the urban development of Tehran municipality, district 14.

With the development of urbanization, cities have become the focus of attention and the demand for natural resources and attention to their global environmental impact has increased.Urban planning and urban planning activities have increased the pressure on nature and weakened its resilience, which has often had devastating consequences for cities and their inhabitants.Therefore, the purpose of this study is to model the degree of resilience of the city against natural hazards with emphasis.The method used in this study is to use GIS software to determine the most resilient points and to use the methods of genetic algorithm(GA)and particle swarm intelligence(PSO)and their programming.It is in MATLAB environment, to use it to determine the most important components of urban resilience and effective solutions to strengthen resilience.Against the flood was determined and then the final hazard map was prepared by combining all the mentioned components. In the second stage, to determine the most important components of resilience in the city, this time 32 indicators of resilience components based on 4 criteria(physical-spatial, Economic,social, institutional) and was analyzed using the method of genetic algorithm, which finally3 points of the city, respectively(Stadium Sh Hid Watani, Tlar Park, Siraj Park)were selected and prioritized as the most resilient areas. Then, in order to confirm and compare the research findings by genetic algorithm(GA)PSO method was used.In the final stage It is suggested that increasing the resilience of Ghaemshahr city in the first stage requires strengthening and modifying the structures of the natural environment and then maintaining a safe environment.

The role and importance of geological factors in the studies and planning of land use and planning today has a special position and importance, therefore, in this research, the characteristics of geological factors and their effect on the human settlements of the entire Varzeghan city are investigated. which is considered as the main goal of the current research, has been discussed.

The statistical population of this research was made up of 60 geological experts. Since the statistical population in this research is limited, sampling is done using the full enumeration method and the entire statistical population is considered as a statistical sample. In the literature section of the research, the necessary materials were collected using books and other information banks, and in the statistical section, the results obtained with the exploratory method of a questionnaire based on a 5-point Likert scale were collected.

Then, by using geographic information software (GIS) and also by using geological maps and faults of Varzeghan region and city, the zoning of risks and geological phenomena has been done.

Finally, the vulnerability of settlements to geological phenomena has been qualitatively investigated.

In general, one of the most important tasks of urban management in any city, both small and large cities, is to provide appropriate urban services for citizens, which, if realized, will both increase the quality of life of citizens and positively assess the performance of the city management. But an important issue in the provision of urban services is how they are distributed in the city, which an important factor in satisfying and meeting the needs of citizens as the main of goal urban management. This category is more prominent in medium-sized cities due to insufficient access of citizens to urban services. In this regard, this study first uses a descriptive-analytical method to first examine the level of satisfaction citizens of Bumhan with access to urban services and then the spatial distribution of citizens' satisfaction with access to urban services. SPSS and Gis software were used to analyze the collected information. The results of the research have shown that in general, the level of satisfaction of the citizens of Bumhan city with the studied urban services has been low and except for the educational services in which the level of citizens' satisfaction has been evaluated as appropriate, other services have not been in a good condition. On the other hand, the study of spatial distribution of satisfaction with urban services in the city of Bumhan shows that in the central part there is more satisfaction than the marginal parts, especially the southern and northern parts of the city.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of dust on the economy of Ahvaz. The present study has used descriptive and analytical research methods. In addition, this research is applied-developmental in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the study includes specialists, managers, experts and professors in the field of environment and dust in the city of Ahvaz is 65 people. The sample size was selected based on the total census of 65 people. A questionnaire designed in urban economics in the city of Ahvaz, which has four main variables. Based on this, the questionnaire has 32 questions that will be researcher-made and each of the four main variables has eight questions. Experts and professors formalized the validity of the questionnaire and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbachchr('39')s alpha of 0.81. Data analysis was performed based on structural equation analysis in Smart PLS software. In general, dust has affected the economy of Ahvaz city and this has been in such a way that dust on urban housing with an impact factor of 0.63 and a value of 11.4 T, Dust mites on urban transport with an impact factor of 0.60 and a value of 9.94 T, dust mites on urban facilities and facilities with an impact factor of 0.54 and a value of 6.70 T and dust mites on urban finance with an impact factor of 0.68 and a value of T 16 / 12 has had an impact

With rapid growth of urban construction and urbanism as well as creation and development of infrastructure, flooding in urban areas has become more controversial. Occurrence of urban flood hazards in human settlements causes irreparable damages to the citizens. Therefore, in order to decrease the psychological and social impacts of urban flooding, attention to resilience approach of urban flood is discussed. The study of literature shows that enhanced resiliency against natural disasters is affected by social, economic, physical and managerial factors. Accordingly, the main objective of this study is to investigate the mentioned structures on resiliency of Tehran metropolitan area against urban flood. The methodology of this study is practical and in terms of survey and descriptive - analytical. The results of the study showed that in terms of socio - cultural index, the most favorable areas were identified. In terms of economic index, according to the components of the relevant component, the study area is the most desirable areas in terms of economic resilience. Also, managerial - institutional resiliency has been the most suitable areas in terms of managerial - institutional resiliency. In the physical resilience, according to the structure of the region and using wlc and ahp methods, it was found that the strengths and weaknesses of the region have a good physical resilience.

One of the new methods to calculate the urban heat island and the role of different usages are the science of remote-sensing and satellite images, which are performed using thermal infrared radiation and applying the physical models to calculate the earth’s surface temperature in large areas. Therefore, we involved in a study in this field in the present research aiming at investigating the heat islands and at comparing the thermal degree and the percentage of green space existing in four areas of Sari city.

Radians calculation, reflection coefficient, and images’ radiance temperature in ENVI environment and GIS software processing and analysis were used in order to obtain the heat islands of the city. The used data included the satellite images of TIRS, OLI, and Landsat Sensor 7 and 8 in three time intervals of 2009, 2013, and 2017.

The results of satellite images processing have shown that 45 hectares of urban green vegetation has incurred usage change within 8 years. Also, the earth surface temperature during the statistical period in the minimum and maximum positions during the years 2009 to 2017 has had an increasing trend based on the calculation and this rise in temperature was seen less in areas of the city with more green space.

the results show that the city’s central region, which is less suitable in terms of vegetation and dispersion of green space in comparison with other regions of the city, is warmer. A proper locating to establish urban green spaces in these areas in the coming years can play a moderating role in the city’s surface temperature.

The present study was conducted with the aim of analyzing social, cultural, economic, environmental and institutional structures in the growth and development of urban tourism in the city of Galugah. The type of research was descriptive-analytical through using survey method. The statistical population of the study consisted of households in the city of Galugah, managers and tourists, which was determined using the Cochran's formula of 360 people as a sample size. Random sampling method was used to select the research samples.Theresearchtoolwas aresearcher-made questionnaire. Although the city of Galugah has been proposed as a tourist destination in recent years, but so far no scientific study has been conducted on the structures and potential of it to benefit the development of tourism in the city and therefore, the present study is the first to identify factors affecting urban tourism development in the study area. According to the results, in the tourism sector and the host community, social, cultural, economic, environmental and institutional dimensions have a direct impact on the sustainable development of tourism in the city of Galugah.

The urban metropolitan areas, which at the time of the spatial formation were responsive to the hierarchy of the needs of their inhabitants, now lack strong performance due to technological changes and changes in biological, social and economic needs. These areas were once the center and center of wealth and power of cities, but in the current situation (mostly in cities) they are weak in terms of infrastructure and urban services and physically disorganized. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of municipal incentive policies on the renovation of worn-out structures in District 14 of Tehran, which according to the nature of the subject and the objectives for which it is descriptive-analytical and applied research. Statistical population 100725 residents It is in region 14. The sample size is 384 people. In a recent study, the Friedman rank test was used to analyze the data. The results show the effect of using social capital in accelerating the renovation of worn tissues with an average Obtained (3.2) and the effect of government support policies (grant facilities) to increase the desire of residents to renovate worn-out structures with the average of all indicators is equal to 3.1. The final result is that studies have shown that measures to improve the condition of the old and historical context of cities without systematic and integrated planning that does not consider all aspects of social, economic, physical, managerial, functional, etc. Yes, it will not succeed.

The old texture of each city reflects its history and past identity. One of the measures that can be taken to preserve it is to turn these passages into sidewalks, which can be an attractive destination for walking and contribute to the sustainable growth and development of the city. Therefore, more attention of city managers to urban movement spaces such as "sidewalks" is one of the most basic parts of urban policies to achieve sustainable development, especially in the old context of the historical value of cities. In this article, by examining different sidewalk indicators in terms of sustainable development in Semnan, including sidewalk indicators, sustainable development indicators, in the process of recreating sidewalks based on questionnaires developed with test methods hypothesis of average equality of a t-test community, correlation coefficient Pearson and then ranking the indicators based on entropy weight and finally by TOPSIS method. Data analysis is performed and hypotheses are examined. HQE2R model has been used to measure the amount of pedestrian orbit. The results showed that pedestrian indicators, indicators of sustainable development, indicators of spending leisure time in urban planning and the process of recreation of urban sidewalks from the perspective of sustainable development in Semnan are correctly defined and can be effective. Also, Imam Street, the intersection of Shahrbani to the intersection of Mazandaran (Taleghani Street) and Astaneh Street in the city of Semnan can be turned into an urban sidewalk.

The present article aims to provide a model for the development of MICE tourism with emphasis on quality of life and social welfare and health climate of desert areas.

The present study is an applied study in terms of quantitative data and survey performance. The statistical population of the study can be divided into three parts. The second part includes tourists who from 2020-03-05 to 2020-06-04 will consider the city of Semnan as their tourist destination. The third part includes academic elites and managers and those involved in the tourism sector working in the province with an approximate number of 100 people, which has been determined as a statistical sample size using the Cochran's formula of 80 people. In this research, simple random sampling method has been used. In the present study to collect field information from Keys social health questionnaires (2004); Social Welfare Questionnaire; The Tourist Satisfaction Questionnaire and the Quality of Life Satisfaction and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q-SF) were used.

Based on the findings, socio-cultural benefits have a significant relationship with socio-cultural welfare, quality of life, socio-cultural health and tourism development. Socio-cultural costs also have a significant relationship with the variables of socio-cultural welfare, quality of life, socio-cultural health and tourism development.

The results showed that all possible relationships considered in the research model have a significant relationship with each other

With the increasing expansion of urbanization and the increase of urban population and the resulting problems, providing facilities for the well-being of citizens becomes more and more necessary. Today, the importance and role of urban furniture in urban services and beautification is not hidden from anyone and urban furniture is an essential and integral component of cities. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of localization of elements on the identity of urban furniture in District 5 of Karaj.

The present study is an applied study based on a descriptive method of correlation. According to Cochran's formula, the sample size is 383 people. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to assess the validity of the research instrument. Cronbach's alpha coefficient in the measured indices (more than 0.7) is the validity of the accepted research tool. For data analysis based on descriptive statistical table techniques and SWOT analytical model has been used.

The findings of the SWOT model study showed that in aggressive strategy, the most important component is S10 O10. Increase leisure time by creating urban furniture in various service centers in the central part with a weight of 0.731, in a defensive strategy, W4 T9 options. Involve people in the design and construction of urban furniture and its correct location based on the needs of the people with a score of 0.924, in the strategy of reviewing the most important option W6 O3. Increasing the budget for the development of urban furniture in order to design and manufacture quality furniture with a score of 1 and in the strategy of diversity, the most important component of this strategy in terms of the statistical community is the option T5S5. Diversification of different uses with cultural and physical identity in neighborhoods weighing 0.852

Citizens of District 5, satisfied with the current situation, are seeking to upgrade the positive indicators and design and architecture facilities and capabilities of the district using urban management. Finally, it can be said that if we do not pay attention to urban furniture, urban spaces do not have the necessary peace and quiet and citizens do not want to use these spaces.

Millions of tourists visit the historic sites of war around the world every year, and predicted that war tourism in the 21st century will not only be a major subset of bitter tourism but also become one of the most popular types of tourism The movement of war is a service activity that has been developing rapidly in recent years. Meanwhile, Iran has many potentialities in war tourism, which is the legacy of Iraq's imposed war against Iran, the most important potential of war tourism in Iran. To analyze the data on the tourism infrastructure of the Holy Defense in the province of Ilam, extracted from the Statistical Yearbook of 1395, the combined multi-criteria decision-making techniques (WASPAS) in the software environment of the Excel spreadsheet and thus in order to map the spatial distribution of Ilam tourism infrastructure, Arc GIS software has been used. The results of the study show that according to the criteria for prioritizing the cities of Ilam province in terms of the tourism infrastructure of the Holy Defense, Ilam city with a score of 0.612 and Mehran with a score of 0.307 have respectively the first and second ranks are in the possession of infrastructure and have good conditions for the lure, especially the light path. Maleshahi and Sirvan cities with points (0.039) and (0.031) are ranked ninth and tenth respectively and are in very unfavorable conditions in terms of tourist encroachment, which should be considered by authorities and Provincial Land administrations are located in order to prioritize planning in future policies.

Natural processes, especially geomorphology, play an important role in locating, planning and developing cities. In the past, so far, we have tried to find the best place for geo-morphological and environmental conditions for the development and physical development of cities. In this research, the applied geomorphology and its role in the physical development of Semnan city using Geographic Information System (GIS) and multi-criteria analytical hierarchical analysis (AHP) techniques have been investigated. For this purpose, effective criteria such as height, gradient, gradient direction, lithology and distance from fault are used. Each of the criteria was evaluated according to expert judgment and using Expertchoice software, weighting and importance of each of them was determined. Finally, using the fuzzy logic and geographic information system combination method, and according to the analytical comparison, the appropriate zones of the current situation of the city and the geomorphology of the region based on the critical points with the appropriate areas derived from the hierarchical analysis and the g.i.s Took The results of this research indicate that the role of geomorphologic factors in the location of Semnan is much more effective than other environmental factors.Also, data analysis shows that the city of Semnan is exposed to various environmental factors. Several of these factors, such as literacy, are severely restricted and may in the future create inappropriate conditions for the occurrence of other environmental hazards. To this end, the extension of the city must follow the geomorphological processes