reza javadian

Road accidents and the resulting casualties are one of the current challenges of human societies that have imposed significant economic costs on countries. In Iran, an average of 17,000 people die each year due to road accidents. Among them, human factors have been mentioned as the main cause of accidents, The aim of this study was to find challenges and provide solutions to prevent accidents and reduce casualties. In this study using literature review and interviews with relevant experts , a questionnaire with 24 questions that included human factors affecting accidents was developed and given to the statistical population, which after analyzing the results, the possibility of identifying challenges and providing various solutions to prevent accidents caused by human factors was created. Using document analysis method and basic principles regarding accident prevention were statistically analyzed, and through interviews with experts, the factors affecting the challenges of traffic police in preventing accidents caused by human factors were identified, and after necessary analysis in this field and using the methods of forming IFE and EFE matrices, the necessary environmental analysis was done, and 7 threats and 3 weaknesses were identified, which with the identification of challenges in this regard, the possibility of providing solutions to prevent accidents caused by human factors was created with the help of expert opinions and finally, after being raised in the expert meeting and discussion in this regard, 12 solutions were identified and presented to overcome these challenges

Road accidents and the resulting casualties are one of the current challenges of human societies, which have imposed a lot of economic costs on the economies of countries. In Iran, on average, 17 thousand people die each year due to road accidents. In the meantime, the human factor has been mentioned as the main cause of accidents, and many conditions such as fatigue, sleepiness, lack of skills, consumption of alcoholic beverages, drugs, etc. affect the human factor. In this research, the aim was to find challenges and provide solutions in order to prevent accidents and reduce casualties.

This research is of an applied type and the method of collecting information in it is mixed exploratory. In this research, using a review of the research background, theoretical foundations and interviews with experts in this field, a questionnaire with 24 questions that includes human factors affecting accidents was compiled and applied to a statistical population of 63 people, which includes Experts and experts in this field were given. Then, the data obtained in this stage were analyzed using SPSS software and quantitative description results were obtained. Then, by using the SWOT method, the four roles of these factors were determined, which was obtained after the analysis of the results (the necessary analysis in this field was carried out using the IFE and EFE matrix formation methods and the necessary ecology was also addressed).  It was possible to recognize the challenges and provide different solutions in order to prevent accidents caused by human factors.

The guiding elements in the prevention of accidents caused by human factors were obtained by the foundation data method, and 24 effective factors in the prevention of accidents caused by human factors were determined by the content analysis method; Using the SWOT method, four roles were calculated, which were 3 weakness factors, 7 strength factors, 6 opportunity factors and 7 threat factors (one factor was ineffective and was removed). By identifying the challenges in this regard with the help of expert opinions, it became possible to provide solutions to prevent accidents caused by human factors. According to the phases that were taken in this research, the challenges of IRI Traffic Police in preventing accidents caused by human factors were identified in the form of weaknesses and threats, and finally after being brought up in the expert meeting and discussion. In this context, the number of 19 solutions to solve these challenges were counted and presented.

The results of this research show a plan with 19 solutions whose main goal is to prevent accidents caused by human factors and considering that the human factor is the most important and influential factor in the occurrence of traffic accidents. By implementing the 19 solutions listed by the IRI Traffic Police, an effective step can be taken to reduce human casualties caused by road accidents.

This paper aims to investigate the existing capacity in the field of upstream legislation and legislation in order to engage the NAJA with the Triple Forces. The theoretical framework of this research is based on the concept of organizational communication designed as a basis for organizational interaction.

The research method used is a documentary study along with qualitative content analysis.

The statistical population of this research is the law enforcement law, the 1404 document and the collection of statements by the Supreme Leader on security issues and organizational interaction.

this study indicate that the method of reaching nine police force missions is possible through interagency cooperation and organizational interaction, which indicates the emphasis of the law on interaction. Also, in the 1404 perspective document, the organizational interaction and police force relations were emphasized and the analysis of the statements of the Supreme Leader also showed that, in the case of the categorization of these statements, the weight of the category of organizational interaction is significant and significant.

Identifying the causes of accidents and subsequently reducing road casualties has always been one of the concerns of the police. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the causes of agricultural vehicle accidents studied in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province and in a descriptive manner. The information was collected by two methods, including a receipt from the police incident system and a researcher-made questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.78. The statistical population in this research, in the first part, all accidents involving agricultural tools and equipment in a 5-year period, including 52 cases, and in the second part, all the executive staff and headquarters of the provincial road police, whose number was 105 people. Descriptive statistics and Friedman's t-test were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that out of a total of 52 incidents in 1400, the most frequent accidents occurred with 15 incidents. Also, Lordegan city has the highest place occurrence and summer season and 4 pm to 12 midnight have the highest time occurrence. It also shows that out of 52 accidents, in 31 cases, agricultural implements have been identified as the culprit of the accident. The results of the questionnaire also showed that the human factor with an average rank of 4.85, the vehicle factor with an average rank of 3.91, the environmental factors with an average rank of 3.51 and the geometric factor with an average rank of 2.78 are respectively. The results showed that paying attention to the human factor in accidents and activating police patrols at peak times and high-risk areas can be effective in preventing accidents.

The aim of the current research was to design a strategic leadership model in e-government in the government offices of Ilam province and to get familiar with its dimensions, components and features using the GT theory method. The statistical population of this research was university expert professors and managers or assistants of government departments, and the sampling method was purposeful and the number of samples in this research was 14 people. In order to analyze the data obtained from the interviews, the 3-step process of open, central and selective coding was used. The components of each of the classes were extracted based on the data theorizing approach of the extraction GT and the conceptual model of strategic leadership in e-government in the form of 6 main classes. The results showed that the causal factors included the strategic alliance and the electronic age. The central phenomenon was also identified with 2 indicators of strategic leadership and e-government, and background factors including external platform and internal infrastructure, and intervening factors including environmental dynamics and influence of factors and strategies such as internal processes and extra-organizational processes were determined. Organizational implications of electronic aristocracy and economic productivity and crisis management were also obtained

Traffic education is the most important principle among other principles. Therefore, the first step in improving citizens 'traffic behavior is to accurately identify educational needs. The purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize citizens' educational needs to promote traffic culture.

The research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of general nature, which was carried out in the framework of qualitative and quantitative stages. It was used and by purposeful sampling method, 15 heads and managers of traffic police, the Highways and Road Transportation Organization of the country and Ilam province were selected as participants. Findings of the qualitative study stage The basis for designing the questionnaire as a data collection tool It was quantified; at this stage, 48 experts and officials related to traffic culture training were interviewed.

The study showed five indicators: teaching traffic rules and regulations, teaching safe traffic, teaching the correct and safe way of using public vehicles, teaching driving signs and equipment, teaching the correct and safe use of personal vehicles as Citizens' educational needs were identified in order to promote traffic culture.

Based on the findings, identifying educational needs is effective in promoting the traffic culture of citizens and drivers. The results showed that in all identified components, the content of educational programs has the greatest effect on improving traffic behavior. Personal transport is the first priority and training The correct and safe way of using public vehicles is the last priority of training needs.

research of determining the effectiveness of theissuance of third-party insurance based on driver's characteristics in theprevention of accidents has been done in Iran country. Scientific researches ontraffic accidents and their causes indicate that the human factor has asignificant difference in the incidence of accidents, compared with otherfactors. In other words, human and his mistakes can be considered as the mostimportant reason for a driving accident. Thus, many years ago, in manycountries around the world, stringent regulations and regulations on theissuance of third-party insurance have been introduced based on driverattributes for applicant. The general objective of this study is the effectivenessof the issuance of third-party insurance on the basis of driver's characteristicsin preventing accidents.

this research is practical in type of aim and descriptive-analytical intype of method in terms of survey. The statistical population of this study wasexperts and specialists in traffic and insurance and snowball method was usedfor statistical selection. For this purpose, three linear models for totalaccidents, high-risk driving violations and fatal accidents have been developedusing generalized linear regression modeling.

results of this study show that the history of driver accidents, historyof high-risk driving violations, driver's occupation and strict rules so thatmakes it difficult to renew insurance policy ,variables related to the issuance ofinsurance policies are based on the driver's attributes, which have a seriouseffect in reducing accidents.Discussion and

Studies have shown that in almost all cases, theimplementation and enforcement of such laws have had a positive impact onthe reduction of accidents. This article evaluates this claim

Eight accident points have been identified in District 2 of Greater Tehran Municipality, with numerous cases of accidents occurring in different forms at these eight points. There were 9 deaths, 225 fatalities and 1353 fatalities in 1986. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of geometric corrections performed on accident points on the accident rate and to what extent the corrected impacts on accident, death and injury accidents. The purpose of this study was to describe descriptive-documentary research based on the type of purpose of applied research and in terms of the method of work performed. For this purpose, the accident analysis points were analyzed and the evaluations carried out in the area 2 of Tehran. In order to investigate the effectiveness of accident corrections in the year 2017 and 2018, information and statistics from the Greater Tehran Road Police (COM Form 114) have been examined to identify the major features and trends of accidents (decreasing or incremental) in the corrected accident locations. It was estimate 97 compared to 96. As a result, we have seen a reduction in the number of fatal and surgical accidents, but no significant change in the number of injuries.

With the expansion of machine life and the increasing traffic in cities and roads, in contrast to the economic and welfare process resulting from the expansion of communications and the speed of movement of goods and passengers, unfortunately, the number and severity of motor vehicle accidents have increased. . Accidents are one of the most important causes of death and severe damage to life and property, and the severe social, cultural and economic effects of those human societies have been severely threatened. Among the factors involved in accidents, the contribution of climatic phenomena such as snow, rain, fog and blizzards, sandstorms, dust, dust, road surface temperature, air temperature and humidity cannot be ignored.

The present study is applied and descriptive-analytical. The statistical population is all intra-city accidents that occurred in 1397, in which the whole statistical population was used without considering the statistical sample.

The results show that in November and December, there is a significant correlation with the correlation coefficient of 0.75 between rainfall and accidents, as well as in other months and seasons of significant and direct correlation between temperature. The environment and the amount of accidents that occur are seen. The results show that according to the highest statistics obtained from the number of accidents in November, it can be said that weather factors play a major and decisive role and are considered as the main factor.

Given the importance of operational budgeting in the country, the main objective of this study is to identify barriers to implementing operational budgeting in Naja. This research is an applied and descriptive-analytical method. Questionnaires were distributed among 116 statistical population including deputies, experts and staff of NAJA headquarters. And the chi-square test is used.The findings indicated that among environmental factors, the factor of "not designing a clear and acceptable roadmap for operational budgeting" with about 84%, and of structural factors, the factor "inability of accounting and financial reporting agencies to calculate depreciation and allocate it to Costs of services' with about 77% and also of content factors, 'low threshold for executives to hold people accountable' accounted for about 77% with the highest percentage of agreement among the statistical community as barriers. The results of this study illustrate the barriers to implementation of NSA's operational budgeting on the failure to fully deploy NSA's operational budgeting system and the extent to which each of these factors were affected: environmental barriers, structural barriers And the content hurdles to failure are also obvious

The main purpose of this study is to identify and measure the factors affecting the performance of Naja financial managers in order to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the performance of Naja financial managers, both individual, organizational and environmental. This article is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive survey method. The study population consisted of all Naja financial managers with 128 members. The sampling method is integer. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by content validity, which was taken into consideration by experts in designing the questionnaire questions. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated to be 0.814, indicating good reliability of the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests and regression analysis and Friedman test. Findings of this study show that environmental factors have the highest average rank and organizational factors have the lowest average rank. The results of the study indicate that individual factors, organizational factors and environmental factors influence the performance of financial managers of NAJA.

This study intends to introduce the approach of discursive formation in societal security. Discourse is defined mainly as a pervasive epistemology or concept in a particular period in a society. Discursive formation, according to the definition of discourse, suggests the process of pervading the epistemology and concept. The idea of discursive formation was initially introduced by the Leader. This study intends to introduce this theoretical approach and its use in the field of societal security. It is a documentary and library research. The population includes all of the Leader’s speeches published by www.khamenei.ir. The research findings show that six stages must be taken for discursive formation in societal security, including acquisition: explaining the concepts and basics of societal security; reproducing security in report and interview formats; involving military and academic experts in NAJA’s activities; pervading and publicizing the discourse via mainstream media, institutionalizing, and structuring; reproducing concepts commensurate with the current needs.

institutional organization that influences the motivation of the traffic staff of the city of Isfahan. The method of this descriptive-analytical research is based on the survey method. In this research, library and field studies have been used. The statistical population of this research is a total number of 170 people, including all the personnel of the police in the city of Isfahan. The data gathering tool is a researcher-made questionnaire. A total of 170 questionnaires were distributed among the statistical community, among which 148 questionnaires were returned, equivalent to 87% being correct and complete. The findings of this study show that 94 percent believe that raising the salaries and benefits can raise the motivation for them. According to the participants, there is little difference between the supporters and the opponents of the job rotation. 70 percent believe that meritocracy plays an important role. About 50% of the participants believe that the role of job position is very effective on service motivation. The results of this study showed that among the five effective factors (equipment, salary and benefits, meritocracy, occupational status and job rotation), the motivation for the occupation of the employees, the salary and benefits has been the most effective and the factor of job rotation and have the least effect on the employee's job motivation.