جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « پیش اندیشی » در نشریات گروه « علوم انسانی »

This study aimed to develop a conceptual model of positive thinking based on the verses of Surah Yusuf and to examine its validity. With a qualitative approach and using qualitative content analysis of religious texts, 31 verses related to the concepts of positive thinking in this surah were first examined. Then, to ensure that the inferred content matches the evidence and the components match the inferred content, and to ensure the necessity of each component, the validity of the findings was measured. This validation was performed with the help of 12 experts and by calculating the content validity index (CVI) and the content validity ratio (CVR). Based on the findings, the components of the semantic domain of positive thinking were:Positive attitudes, including "possibility of success despite obstacles and adversity", "faith in God's help in adversity", and "attention to Divine blessings";Positive values, including "positive change despite obstacles and adversity", "resorting to God in adversity", "forgiveness ", "hope", and "trusting God";Positive actions, including "optimal use of challenges" and "patience in adversity".

Contemplating death and discussing it are common themes in the literature of every nation. The impossible act of creating something from nothing, akin to the presence of life in death, is the contradiction that serves as the essence of creating a work of art. In the novel "Chess with Doomsday Machine," one of the most prominent works of the holy defense literature, there are two contrasting attitudes portrayed by the negative characters, such as the engineer, and the Basiji character, who serves as the narrator. Each of them views the events through a different lens. For this reason, the author aims to introduce the types of death narration and differentiate them from martyrdom. Additionally, the author seeks to explore how Ahmadzadeh was able to elucidate death and martyrdom in his novel from both materialist and spiritualist perspectives. He paid attention to the narrative ways of addressing profound themes of death and martyrdom in this novel. According to this essay, the culture stemming from the concept of martyrdom has consistently been reflected in the portrayal of the characters Musa, Parviz, and Commander. This culture is founded on the values of endurance, steadfastness, and self-sacrifice to the utmost limit. The plot of the story conveys the message that besides reinforcing one's heartfelt beliefs, one should also exhibit humane behavior in line with the values of holy defense. One should always be prepared for any form of martyrdom and sacrifice to uphold the principles of their religion.

Philosophy of death, one of the biggest enigmas in human history, has always puzzled human beings ever since they were created. The basis of mythology, evolution of human life in the form of immortal cycles of collective unconsciousness irrespective of time and place, is suggestive of this concern. Hence, awareness of the nature of death is reflected extensively as a thematic element in artistic and literary works. However, such cognitive re-thinking can have both negative and positive aspects. One aspect is its terrorizing effect on human life and how it drives life toward vanity and futility while another aspect is its potential for fostering the growth of wisdom, insights and moral values. Considering these contradictory aspects regarding humans’ preoccupation with death, in the present study researchers attempt to explore the attitudes of contemporary Iranians, living in a modern context, by using a descriptive-analytical method and focusing on two stories of The Leopards who have Run with Me by Najdi and Pig Bone and Leper's Hands by Mastoor. Findings suggest that Najdi has had an existentialist view on death which is depicted through his use of different voices/ characters in the story. He has also tried to represent the hidden layers of death in the lived experiences of society in its transformation from a traditional background to a modern one by utilizing a metaphoric language. Mastoor, however, looks at death with a more philosophic view and tries to reflect his concern through depicting the inner and spiritual anxiety of his characters.

Death can be considered the most important common issue among humans in all times, places and the only rival of life. Expressing the nature of death is a kind of representation of different people's attitude towards the nature of life. None of the poets have removed this concern. Therefore, addressing the thoughts of writers and poets, in this regard, will be effective in better understanding and getting to know the intellectual and epistemological views of these poets. To achieve this goal, one should analyze the texts and poems of these poets. One of the methods of text analysis is critical discourse analysis. in which they discover the author's and poet's attitude towards his works.
Since literature and society have a two-way relationship and the influence of contemporary poetry on society and the influence of contemporary literature in the formation of many socio-political developments has been proven. In this research, we aim to examine the influence of society on the poet's thought about death and its reflection in his works. Among the contemporary poets, Aminpour has expressed the important social and political issues of each period in his poetry explicitly and with appropriate tone, and this issue brings us into the realm of discourse analysis of his works. Accordingly, in this essay, by applying the level of explanation in the analysis of critical discourse, we seek to prove the ups and downs of the poet's death thoughts in his different poetic periods. It seems that his attitude towards death, which includes the outlook on life, has changed in different periods of his life.

The present study aims to show the similarities and differences of the 18 sub-fields related to each of the six concepts of futures studies, foresight, futurology, future thinking, futurism and future mining by studying and comparing the topics investigated in the scientific productions of futures studies (in its general sense). The methods of collecting information and the method of analysis are scientific and specialized library research. Data analysis was done using Excel software. The results show that the highest frequency of articles in the field of futures studies is urban and regional 205 articles, religious and religious 128 articles, and defense and military 102 articles. In addition, the highest rate of growth of articles in the studied fields is in 2022. The results of this research are in line with the comparison of the frequency of scientific articles published in the six studied concepts related to the future in the fifteen-year period of 2008 to 2022, and the results of the analysis show that the highest frequency of articles is related to the concept of futures studies with 822 and foresight with 279 respectively. The research title is dedicated. In addition, the highest growth of articles in these fifteen years is for the concept of futures studies.

Death and death thoughts in contemporary Iranian poetry (with the approach of existential philosophy and psychology) in the context of the compositions of three of Iran's prominent contemporary speakers, namely: Nima Yoshij, Ahmad Shamlou and Mehdi AkhawanSales, form the research field.

The main purpose of this research is to show the views of three of the most prominent poets of the last century in Iran on the issue of death (and consequently life) based on the mentioned view (originality of existence).

This research is based on analytical-descriptive method (and based on library sources).

What was obtained from the search is that: the poems of all three poets of the research community of this research, with an existential approach and thinkers such as: Jean-Paul Sartre, Erwin D. Yalom, Martin Heidegger, Baines Wanger, Viktor Frankl, etc. can be read and each of these three people call parts of the components of existentialist philosophy and psychology. Nima, the AkhawanSales and Shamlou have been influenced by the socio-political atmosphere of the current era to existentialism or the existential view, with the difference that Nima and Shamlou sometimes show the positive and sometimes negative components of the existentialists in their words, but in the end, in the confrontation They have acted with "genuine" death and survived its terror by believing in "ideal death". Akhawan, although he also praised the ideal life, but he did not look favorably on death - in any of its forms - and he saw knowledge as unable to understand this issue.

In the examination of the poems of Nima, Shamlou, and the AkhawanSales, there are strong signs of attachment to life; However, regarding death, the words of these three contemporary writers are not the same everywhere, in the sense that they are sometimes influenced by an existential perspective such as the "throwing" of man into the world, they do not give a purpose to life and consequently death, and sometimes they are influenced by The semanticism of the mentioned belief praises ideal death and does not consider it the end of the road. In the meantime, of course, the original approach to death in Nima and Shamlou's poetry is more dominant than that of the AkhawanSales

In their paper, the authors have conducted this research in order to examine the efficacy of positive thinking education with emphasis on religious teachings on students' psychological capital and psychological well-being. The studied project is a semi-experimental pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population consisted of all third-grade male students of second course of secondary schools in Khoy city during the academic year 1400-1401. In order to select subjects, using cluster sampling method, forty participants were randomly selected and assigned to the experimental group (twenty participants) and control group (twenty participants). The pre-test was performed for both groups. A positive thinking intervention program based on religious teachings was conducted for the experimental group consisting of ten priods of 90 minute sessions. At the end of the training course, a post-test was conducted. For data collection, a psychological capital questionnaire (Lutatz, Yousef and Oliva, 2007) and a psychological well-being questionnaire (Reif, 1989) were used. The research data was examined using covariance analysis method. The results of data analysis revealed that positive thinking training based on religious teachings helped increase the psychological capital and psychological well-being of students, and the participants in the experimental group had significantly higher psychological capital and psychological well-being scores in the posttest phase (p < 0.05). In general, the findings confirm the usefulness and efficacy of positive thinking education based on religious teachings in enhancing students' psychological capital and psychological well-being.

The aim of the present research endeavor was to compare the effectiveness of reality therapy and positive thinking training in promoting emotional regulation and cognitive avoidance among blind second-secondary students in Ardabil city. Gender was also considered as a moderating factor in this comparison. During the 2019 academic year, the research community comprised male and female secondary school pupils from Ardabil city who were blind. Through random sampling, 66 qualified volunteers (33 girls and 33 boys) were selected. The research methodology was applied and quantitative data collection was conducted in a semi-experimental fashion using a pre-test-post-test and follow-up design. The participants were divided into two independent groups, each receiving one of two intervention trainings(reality therapy training and positive thinking training), and a control group comprised of 22 individuals, 11 of whom were girls and 11 of whom were boys. The research employed the Cognitive Avoidance Questionnaire (CAQ) and the Emotion Regulation Strategies Questionnaire (CERQ). Ten sessions of positive thinking training and eight sessions of reality therapy training (each lasting sixty minutes) were completed. Using the spss21 software, the data were analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis and Benferoni's post hoc test. The studies showed that the therapeutic interventions of the two experimental groups differ from those of the control group. Furthermore, in comparison to boys, the efficacy of the therapeutic intervention program in addressing cognitive avoidance and emotional regulation was found to be greater in girls (P<0.05). The results of the follow-up test showed the stability of therapeutic interventions in blind students after one month. The efficacy of reality therapy and positive thinking instruction in ameliorating the emotional regulation and cognitive avoidance difficulties of both male and female students is underscored; consequently, its application is concentrated on blind students. After one month, the results of a follow-up evaluation demonstrated that therapeutic interventions for blind students remained stable. The efficacy of reality therapy and positive thinking training in ameliorating the emotional regulation and cognitive avoidance difficulties of both male and female students is underscored, thus justifying its application to blind students.

The present study aims to predict sleep quality in soldiers based on their religious orientations and the mediating role of resilience and positive thinking.

The present study is of a descriptive correlational type utilizing the structural equation modeling, in which a total of 237 conscripted soldiers were sampled using the availability sampling method. The data collection tools of the present study include the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire, Connor-Davidson Resilience Questionnaire, Ingram and Wisnicki Positive Affect Questionnaire, and Alport's Religious Orientation Questionnaire. Data analysis was then conducted using SPSS version 26 and AMOS version 20. Lastly, the research hypothesis testing was conducted using structural equation modeling.

Based on the test statistics and their significance (P < 0.05), the results of the present study revealed the total religious orientation effect coefficient on sleep quality to be 0.307, which is mediated directly and indirectly due to the elements of resilience and positive thinking. Moreover, the total external religious orientation effect coefficient on sleep quality is 0.138, which is mediated indirectly due to the elements of resilience and positive thinking.

The results of the present study revealed that internal religious orientation has a direct, meaningful, and positive effect on sleep quality. Moreover, the mediating roles of resilience and positive thinking reinforce the effect of internal religious orientation on the sleep quality variable. External religious orientation and the mediating role of resilience and positive thinking only have an indirect positive and meaningful effect on the sleep quality variable.

One of the most important demands of Islam for humanity is to live a peaceful life and reject violence and bloodshed. Imam Ali (as) as the most important Islamic personality, considering the role he had in the wars of the time of the Holy Prophet (pbuh) and in most of them, it was the most important factor in the victory of the Islamic army and the defeat of the enemy, and also the issues that arose during the time of the Caliphs, and also the wars during his caliphate, however, what was the place of peace in his eyes and how is the peaceful approach of that Imam justified? As some people, including Bani ʾUmayyah and especially Muʿāwiyah and his followers, accused that Imam of bellicosity and sedition. In this research, with a descriptive and analytical method, the peaceful outlook and actions of Imam Ali (as) have been examined and explained based on his words, relying on Nahj al-Balāghah and historical sources. Among the results of this research is the achievement of the compassionate performance and peaceful outlook of Imam Ali (as) during the lifetime of the Holy Prophet (pbuh) and after his death in interaction with the caliphs and also during his rule, based on historical books and Nahj al-Balāghah.

One of the most important demands of Islam for humanity is to live a peaceful life and reject violence and bloodshed. Imam Ali (as) as the most important Islamic personality, considering the role he had in the wars of the time of the Holy Prophet (pbuh) and in most of them, it was the most important factor in the victory of the Islamic army and the defeat of the enemy, and also the issues that arose during the time of the Caliphs, and also the wars during his caliphate, however, what was the place of peace in his eyes and how is the peaceful approach of that Imam justified? As some people, including Bani ʾUmayyah and especially Muʿāwiyah and his followers, accused that Imam of bellicosity and sedition. In this research, with a descriptive and analytical method, the peaceful outlook and actions of Imam Ali (as) have been examined and explained based on his words, relying on Nahj al-Balāghah and historical sources. Among the results of this research is the achievement of the compassionate performance and peaceful outlook of Imam Ali (as) during the lifetime of the Holy Prophet (pbuh) and after his death in interaction with the caliphs and also during his rule, based on historical books and Nahj al-Balāghah.

In the course of the formation of the revolution, which draws a lofty approach towards human excellence, the expansion of the concepts of martyrdom, taking as a model the religious idea of the death of special consciousness in the Holy Quran, the idea of death, which is a continuous concept of the understanding and thought of knowledge about death, in the context of the revolution and The society leaves. In this sense, the painting of the Islamic Revolution of Iran, under the influence of the thoughts of this social current in the heart of the revolution, is about the concept of death, and according to the cultural and social conditions of the society, the concept of death appears in the approach of the painters of the Islamic Revolution, and there are reflections of the influences Its concepts have emerged and are noticed in their works, which shows the ideological and fundamental effects of the Islamic Revolution on the process of painting works. Based on this, the research questions are: 1. To what extent did the elements of death thought play a role in the approach of the painters of the revolution in creating paintings? 2. To what extent are the works influenced by Islamic religious foundations? This research is fundamental-theoretical in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and method.The method of collecting information is library and field. The research community was selected from among the paintings of the revolution. The results of the research show that the choice and subject of placing these concepts was consciously in the thought and practice of the painters, whose theoretical foundations were influenced by Islamic religious thought, and its semantic reflection and visual interpretation were revealed in the explicit approaches and code system and semiotics. has done.

Without a doubt, Seyyed Javad Tabatabai’s theory stands out among the various Iranian theories and is widely regarded as one of the most significant theories of our time. The intricacy of Tabatabai’s discussions, coupled with the historical backdrop in which they take place, as well as the extensive body of literature written about Iran over the past century, have bestowed a unique status upon his project. While Tabatabai has occasionally been criticized for being contradictory and experiencing intellectual gaps, his discussions consistently follow a coherent intellectual trajectory. Therefore, delving into the intellectual framework of this thinker and examining the components of his ideas can aid in uncovering this intellectual trajectory. In light of this, the following article endeavors to analyze the dimensions and foundations of Seyed Javad Tabatabai’s research program through a historical lens, with the aim of gaining an understanding, even if only a glimpse, into this thinker’s plan.

A pitfall in dissecting historical narratives lies in the superficial interpretation of events, a consequence of a failure to grasp the intricacies underlying the occurrence of actions. Humanity, functioning as an architect of history, engages in a tapestry of interactions propelled by discernible motives. Unveiling these underlying reasons allows for a meticulous and profound exploration, enabling an elucidation of historical accounts. An accurate comprehension of the documented opposition among certain companions during the Prophet's lifetime (pbuh) unveils the underlying reasons and contributing factors that precipitated these instances of dissent. In a general overview, the factors contributing to the opposition of certain companions to the Messenger of God (pbuh) can be succinctly outlined as follows: material attachment, hypocrisy, envy, doctrinal deviations, entrenched pre-Islamic customs, and a frail faith. Each of these elements serves as an autonomous rationale for dissent against the directives of the Messenger of God (pbuh). These underlying causes, ingrained within the human spirit and psyche, act as impediments to embracing the truth, propelling individuals to oppose all values in pursuit of their desires. Employing a descriptiveanalytical methodology, this research elucidates the origins of companions’ opposition, serving as a reflective guide for the future Islamic community to fortify itself against resistance to the divinely appointed vicegerent (walī) of God.

The purpose of this research was to compare the quality of life, positive thinking and psychological capital of girls from single-child families with those from multi-child families. The present study was in the category of causal-comparative descriptive researches in terms of practical purpose and in terms of method and nature. The statistical population of the study was girls aged 15 to 18 years in Semnan city, where 300 questionnaires (150 questionnaires among girls with one child and 150 questionnaires among girls with multiple children) were distributed by available sampling method. Ingram and Weissnicki (1988), Luthans psychological capital (2007) and World Health Organization (1996) quality of life questionnaires were used to collect information. Collected data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, multivariate variance analysis and covariance analysis. The findings of the research showed that there is a difference between the psychological capital of girls from single-child families and from multi-child families. So that the components of hope, resilience, self-efficacy and optimism are higher among girls from families with several children (p<0.05). There is a difference between the quality of life of girls in single-child families and those in multi-child families. So that the components of mental health, physical health, health of the surrounding environment are higher among girls from single-child families (p<0.05). There is a difference between the positive thinking of girls from single-child families and from multi-child families. So that positive thinking is higher among girls from families with several children (p<0.05). The obtained results can be used by the guardians of the family system.