جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « integrated management » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

The tourism industry is the world's largest industry in terms of income and cultural exchanges. Progress in the field of sports is one of the strategic priorities of planners in countries. Sports tourism is one of the most important developed sectors of the tourism industry. In this regard, the Ministry of Sports and Youth, the National Olympic and Paralympic Committee, the National Olympic and Paralympic Academy, sports federations, physical education, the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology Sports and Education Federation, Ministry of Education and Culture, Sports and Youth Fraction of the Islamic Council, Provincial Sports and Youth Departments, Sports Associations, each of which is a decision-making body in the field are sports The existence of multiple, as well as the simultaneous existence of policy-making and implementation in the Ministry of Sports and Youth, have created inadequacies in these sectors, which, of course, have denied the possibility of competition from the private sector. It seems that the general spirit governing the constitution of the Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Tourism, like the provisions related to tourism in the country's five-year development laws, is a reductionist attitude towards the tourism industry. Due to the uncertainty of the coordination authority in the field of sports tourism decision-making and policy-making, the lack of legal commitment and the need for coordination between sports executive bodies, the multiplicity and diversity of sports tourism tasks. Institutions in charge, the emphasis and clarity of Article 100 of the Law of the Sixth Five-Year Development Plan, based on integrated management, the lack of attention of upstream laws and documents to the priority of sports tourism, the lack of cooperation and the establishment of coherent relations between the government, government and private institutions in the sports tourism industry, preparation An integrated model is important in the sports tourism industry in the country. Considering the number of related organizations in sports tourism and the lack of clarity about the interaction of these organizations with each other, the present research aims to investigate the integrated management of related institutions in the sports tourism industry. This research can play an important role in optimizing management planning in the tourism industry by identifying the effective factors of integrated management of Iran's sports tourism industry. Therefore, the current research aims to provide an integrated management model in Iran's sports tourism industry and seeks to answer this question: What are the effective factors of integrated management in Iran's sports tourism industry?

The current research has a mixed (qualitative-quantitative) approach based on data search. In the qualitative part, the foundational data approach (Glaser method) has been used to present and develop the theory in the study area of the research. The statistical (qualitative) community includes all the experts in the field of tourism, sports management as well as sports tourism. In this research, the purposeful sampling method was used. Sampling continued until reaching a point where adding a new sample no longer has an effect on the development of research theory, theoretical saturation was achieved after the 20th interview. The main method of data collection was semi-structured in-depth interviews. In the process of qualitative data analysis and performing three stages of coding (open, central and selective), a number of 1167 open codes were obtained, which were reduced to 377 unique open codes after merging and removing commonalities, then the open codes were categorized into 29 central codes and finally In selective coding, they were divided into 8 groups: program policy, task, management, legal, institutional, structural, beneficiaries, tools and resources. In this way, a questionnaire based on the main factors and sub-criteria was compiled on a five-point Likert scale with 119 questions. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire was checked with exploratory confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha (96%). The statistical population of the quantitative part included 600 experts and managers of the ministries of cultural heritage, sports and youth, as well as the Environmental Protection Organization, the Civil Aviation Organization, the National Olympic and Paralympic Committee. , travel service offices and private sector activists as well as sports management doctoral students and professors. Frequency, mean and standard deviation methods were used to analyze the information in the descriptive part. The normality of the data was checked with the Kolomogorov-Spirov test (<0.05). In the inferential statistics section of the structural equation modeling test, Friedman's test (P=0.001) and Pearson's correlation coefficient, which showed a significant correlation at the 99% level between the main research criteria; It was used with the help of AMOS and SPSS software.

Undoubtedly, the existence of various institutional, legal, structural and managerial differences and the involvement of various organizations and institutions in the tourism cause create complicated problems. The current research by observing the situation of sports tourism in Iran, as a strategy for development; He also carefully specified documents and strategic plans at the macro levels; What is observed in the sports tourism industry is the presence of various actors with unequal powers, which has become a fundamental issue in this field of tourism. Despite the emphasis in the general policies of the sixth development plan and the importance of various aspects of development, the laws of some ministries and organizations related to sports tourism do not have the necessary overlap. In this way, it is necessary for the officials and legislators to act transparently, to remove the dispersal of the same laws and the uniform and unsavory implementation of the laws. It should also be noted that; Among the different components of the sports tourism system, management activities and tasks are distributed disproportionately and have led to functional, institutional and managerial differences. The use of tasteful management instead of scientific management and the incompatibility of the actions taken by the previous managers with the attitude of the new managers are among the many problems in the division of the field of sports tourism. It is included in the development of the country.Therefore, integrated management in this field, taking into account the indicators of the current research, is a balance between barriers and facilitating factors of costs and benefits. Considering the participation of various elements to play a role in sports tourism; This integration leads to the creation of a network of actors with different powers, the imbalance in the power of the beneficiaries in the field of sports tourism will lead to forward movement if there is inter-sectoral coordination and systematic dialogue between the relevant institutions. According to the obtained results, in order to achieve the integrated management of sports tourism in Iran, the following solutions can be presented to lay the groundwork and facilitate the implementation of integrated management.

Today; optimal management requires the utilization of local capacities and compliance with macro planning policies and systems. Accordingly, paying attention to local governance is the approach every planner uses. Peri-urban villages and especially rural areas of the Tehran metropolitan fringe must have an efficient management framework due to their influence from the city. This is possible when it is possible to identify the desired local management and related components. The review of the previous research shows the Weakness of the existing frameworks in explaining the integrated framework of local management in rural areas. This research has been done to develop a comprehensive framework of effective local governance processes in peri-urban villages with a systematic review.in terms of purpose, this research is basic. The current research has collected the components of local management of peri-urban villages in ten years with a systematic review approach. These components have been collected from 15 databases using 3 specific keywords and a clear and pre-designed strategy. After screening and qualitative evaluation, the final analysis has done on 20 articles—analysis of articles identified six components and 60 sub-components to explain the local management framework. The evaluation of the systematic review studies showed that integrity is a principle in local management. In this field, integrity in executive, structural, laws, financial sources of sustainability, policymaking, citizen-oriented, and vertical should be considered.

District 20 of Tehran Municipality is characterized as a less developed region attributable to factors such as insufficient smart infrastructure and the absence of a coherent vision for smart city infrastructure advancement. The primary objective of this research was to develop a comprehensive management framework for spatial data infrastructure integrated with a smart city approach within District 20 of Tehran.

This investigation, carried out between 2023 and 2024, was divided into qualitative and quantitative phases, with a particular focus on District 20 in Tehran. The study's sample size comprised 16 experts, and data collection methods encompassed semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. During the qualitative phase, the components essential for managing spatial data infrastructure in the context of a smart city were identified through an extensive review of existing literature. Subsequently, following adjustments based on expert feedback, a total of 12 components were validated. In the quantitative phase, structural equation modeling was employed to delineate the network of relationships and interactions, culminating in the presentation of the final model.

The formulation of policies for spatial data infrastructure was recognized as the most influential component at the highest echelon. Factors such as the utilization extent of spatial data, the quantity of electronic service centers, data update frequencies, cooperation and synchronization among the authorities of Rey Governorate, Rey Municipality, and Tehran Municipality in the realms of spatial data production, standardization, and distribution, along with the element of collaboration and synchronization with other entities categorized as data users, were positioned as influential components at the lowest tier.

The policies and criteria established within the domain of spatial data infrastructure possess the most significant influence on other elements.

Along with the development of cities and increasing population, many challenges have been created, the most important of which is urban transportation. The inability of traditional urban management to address this challenge has led to some approaches, including intelligent transportation. Adopting and implementing such an approach in metropolitan areas requires a change in management approach, of which integrated urban management is known as the most important. The purpose of this study is to investigate the status of integrated urban management and then its impact on the realization of intelligent transportation in the city of Zahedan. The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on data collection in the field through a questionnaire. The validity of the instrument and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha greater than 0.70. The statistical population of the study is urban experts in Zahedan. The sample size was set at 100 people. The result of the one-sample t-test shows that the variables of integrated urban management are significant at the level of less than 0.05. From the statistical point of view, the 7 variables of good governance, synergy, unity of urban command, context, interaction, organizational structure, and systemic perspective are not in a good situation and these conditions have caused the integrated urban management index in Zahedan to not have favorable conditions. Also, the significance of the test shows that the 5 variables of intelligent transportation, namely intelligent monitoring, intelligent payment, intelligent violation registration, intelligent information, and mechanized fleet management are significant at the level of less than 0.05. Significantly, it indicates the unfavorable situation of the intelligent transportation index in Zahedan. Regression showed that integrated urban management variables can be more than 68% effective in the realization of intelligent transportation and 32% are dependent on other factors. The variable of good governance with 12% and then the systemic perspective with 11%, has the greatest impact in this regard.

Human driven risks are the most important cause of tension between stakeholders. since the second Pahlavi, the local trustees who were the beneficiaries and overseers of water were left out of the cycle of supervision and governance, and as a result management-based risks was increased. Therefore, their identification is of great importance for governance in river basins. The present research was conducted with an analytical method and with the aim of evaluating the role of good governance system in managing the risks and tensions of Qaranquchai river basin based on multi-level governance theory and integrated management of water resources. The relationship between the components of the research including: the challenging risks of the basin in governance, basin tension and good governance and their sub-variables including 13 indicators were identified and examined in the field through a questionnaire of 80 beneficiaries and local managers. in the test of the relationship between the variable of the local good governance pattern and the level of risks in Qaranquchai basin at a significance level of .005 ,A correlation of -0.29 was obtained. which means that as the local good governance system of the river weakens, the level of risks in the basin increases. In the test between the tension variables and basin risks, a correlation of 0.36 was obtained at a significance level of 0.001 and it showed that there is a significant and positive relationship between the amount of stress and the amount of risks in the Qaranquchai river basin, and with the increase of risks, the amount of tensions also increases. In the tension variable test with river local good governance , the correlation coefficient of 0.09 was obtained at a significance level of 0.2 which indicated the absence of a relationship. It was also found that, considering the correlation between the governance variables with the level of risks and tension, the design, implementation and application of the model of good participatory governance and integrated management of the basin can be an end to the growing and complex process of risks in the Qarango basin.

During the last few decades, the number of population and activity in the suburbs of Tehran has grown rapidly and as a result, the buffer zone of the capital city has faced major challenges. Changing the land use, especially natural covers, gardens and agricultural lands in favor of authorized and unauthorized constructions, is the manifestation of these challenges. Factors such as the growing population of Tehran, the extensive needs for land and the inability to respond to these needs as well as the weakness of urban space management have doubled the scope of the negative changes that have occurred. Although different solutions have already been presented to manage the capital's hinterland, they have not been able to match the existing institutional-organizational and spatial structures. Now, the question is, in order to overcome the problems in the capital city, what characteristics should the ideal model have? To answer this question, a qualitative method based on content analysis of documents and interviews with trustees and experts was used. The results show that the appropriate and effective model of hinterland management requires the following: the participation of all management levels from the national to the local, maximizing the role of various departments and organizations involved in hinterland issues, the participation of non-governmental sectors, the provision of a continuous monitoring mechanism of hinterland according to policies, regulations and various programs. If the inadequacies in thehinterland management mechanisms continue, it won't be long before some valuable biological and natural spaces around Tehran metropolis and its surrounding cities will be lost.

Integrated housing policy is one of the important challenges in the field of urban planning. Because governments can provide sustainable development and environment for their people by playing a positive role in the new global environment. Therefore, in the last ten years, the topic of housing management has attracted various debates about its effectiveness and legality in many sectors. Today, in the absence of effective policies, we are witnessing a dire situation in the field of housing and its needs. Based on this, the purpose of the research is to identify and analyze the obstacles facing the integrated policy of housing provision in Ardabil city. The research method is descriptive-analytical. Also, to identify the various research variables, the field and library methods were used with the help of a questionnaire to the number of 50 experts and experts in the field of housing in Ardabil city. The findings of the research show that the components of breadth, comprehensiveness, balance, context verification, participation, communication and synergy are effective in Ardabil's housing provision policy. The obtained results show that among the variables of the integrated policy of providing housing in Ardabil, the variables, services in the field of coordinated, continuous and comprehensive assistance, communication of responsibility and people, the principle of balance and balance, and institutional accountability are ranked first to fourth. Also, location-oriented, people-oriented, citizens' awareness and cohesion and communication variables have the most direction and weight in Ardabil city's housing supply policy.

Integrated watershed management can be considered a prerequisite for sustainable management and improving the lifestyle and livelihood of local people. The present study was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical and survey in terms of method. To do so, a questionnaire was used, which was completed by experts and executives (including faculty members and natural re-sources staff, active NGOs and local communities). Its members were selected by the snowball sampling method. The MICMAC model was used to identify challenging drivers. Based on the re-sults, indicators such as low average income and capital of users, Lack of low-interest lending facil-ities of banks, credit institutions and the Fund for Supporting the Development of Diversity of Liv-ing and the weak reliance of the government on the private sector in delegating powers to this sector for reasons such as bankruptcy or negligence of investors, etc. are the most important drivers in-volved in the field of integrated Davarzan watershed villages management. Wizard scenario soft-ware was used to explain the possible scenarios. The results of this section showed that out of a total of 24 existing situations, the tenth scenario was considered the most desirable scenario.

In the city of Sarkrood, the expansion of tourism trends with inappropriate planning and weakness of infrastructure and tourism management has had many negative effects on environmental, economic and social terms. The purpose of the present study is to integrate the Sarkhoud coastal area with a tourism development approach. The research is a descriptive-analytical, and the method of collecting research data on the theoretical foundations of research, recognition and analysis of Data and Libraries is in relation to field studies in relation to the study sample. The questionnaire tool has been used to collect field information, which has been distributed among the random sample of 20 people. Exoert choice software has been used to analyze the questionnaire data. The AHP hierarchical analysis method has been used for weightlifting and ranking criteria. The questionnaires were also distributed among experts and citizens to investigate the relationship between tourism and economic and environmental components, and the findings were analyzed using the Tau Kendall B and Pearson correlation test. The results show that from the point of view of half of government officials and experts, the expansion of the tourism industry on the one hand reduces the region's economic prosperity and on the other hand reduces regional security and environmental pollution. So in the current situation there is no motivation to expand the tourism industry for government managers; Thus, in order to prevent gaps and parallel activities, the provision of services to sustainable tourism development requires the integration of tourism management and continuous planning in organized, participatory and popular.#s3gt_translate_tooltip_mini { display: none !important; }

Management and planning at the level of metropolitan areas can not be limited to the boundaries of the city (Rahmani, 2013); Because metropolitan areas have to manage diverse domains (Pirlone, 2017). The management of Iranian metropolitan in the main city and surrounding settlements (urban and rural areas) is separate and the organization is not responsible for coordination between organizations and municipalities. The management of these areas is limited to the program and plan level only. The metropolitan area of Mashhad suffers from disorder due to managerial divisions in the region. This study aims to develop a model for integrated management of Mashhad metropolitan area and seeks to answer the question of what factors should be considered to achieve managerial integration at the level of Mashhad metropolitan area? In the following, the components obtained from the final model will be prioritized.

This research has been done in two stages. In the first stage, the integrated management model of Mashhad metropolitan area is determined and in the second stage, the categories affecting the integrated management of Mashhad metropolitan area are prioritized. In the first stage, a qualitative method based on grounded theory is used. A systematic method that has three main stages: open encryption, axial encryption, and selective encryption. To collect qualitative information, semi-structured interviews with experts and specialists in the field of urban and regional management in Mashhad have been used. In the second step, the SWARA method is used to prioritize the categories. SWARA is one of the structural equation modeling methods. For this purpose, a questionnaire was prepared for city managers. The sample size was 60 people. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed based on the views and opinions of experts. Reliability was also assessed as good with Cronbach's alpha confirmation. Finally, the components were prioritized by calculating the final normal weight.

To formulate the model in the first stage after the open encryption operation, in the second stage of encryption, common and similar concepts were semantically classified into 12 major categories. In the second stage, according to the identified categories, the central categories including "political integration", "organizational institutional integration", "governmental political integration" and "integration of interests and groups" were identified. And in the third stage, which was selective coding, the final model was obtained. Based on this model, the phenomenon of "managerial integrity in the mother city" was identified as the center phenomenon. The two categories of "coordinating organization" and "adaptation of the territory of urban management to political divisions" are causal conditions. The five categories of "rules and regulations", "amendment of laws", "plan", "contracts and agreements of municipalities" and "participation through elections" were considered strategies. "Decentralization" and "rules and regulations" are considered intervening conditions. "Participation of public, public and private sector groups" and "interaction of stakeholder groups" are the underlying factors within the field. "Organizational institutional integration", "Political integration", "Integration of interests and groups" and "Political-governmental integration" are the consequences.

In this research, an attempt has been made to provide comprehensive and complete indicators based on the opinion of local urban managers; The main difference between the indicators introduced in this study compared to other indicators in the literature of regional innovation is attention to all aspects of integration. According to the interviews in the first stage (open coding), several concepts were identified in the form of 12 components. These concepts include national and regional plans, laws and regulations, the dynamics of laws in line with existing issues, the participation of various civil and private sectors, public and public, the interaction of participatory groups, participation through elections, coordinated organization. Municipal contracts and agreements, non-overlap in the functions of organs, unity of command, adaptation of the territory of urban management to political divisions and decentralization. In the second stage, centralized coding was performed and the components obtained in a more general category of four components of "organizational institutional integration", "political integration", "integration of interests and groups" and "policy-government integration" They were grouped. In the third stage, the central phenomenon which is the "managerial integration in the field of mother city"; And the pivotal and primary components in the model were placed around the main phenomenon. After prioritizing the categories, it was determined that the components of national and regional plans, with a weight of 0.378, ranked first, rules and regulations, with a final weight of 0.215, ranked second, the dynamics of rules According to the existing issues, with a weight of 0.139, the third rank and the participation of various civil and private, public and public sectors, with a weight of 0.093 are in the fourth rank. Finally, it is proposed to develop an integrated management model in the metropolitan area of Mashhad in order to implement indicators and criteria.

The historical texture of cities, due to their historical antiquity and the existence of rare elements and aesthetic values, the continuity of collective memories and components of identity, is an undeniable fact of cities that have a historical background. During the time, these textures have undergone numerous changes and have gradually become deficient and disrupted in various functional, economic, social, physical, communicative, and environmental dimensions. Given the importance of historical textures, the present study seeks to develop applied knowledge in the field of identifying and developing an integrated planning and management model in regeneration the historical textures of Tabriz metropolis. The research method in this study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature. Also the statistical population of the study consists of urban managers, academic elites and experts familiar with historical textures issues and the sample size was 383 using Cochran formula, which was reduced to 344 using the modified Cochran formula. So for analyzing research information was used the partial least squares method in the Smart-pls software. The research findings show that the 8 main variables and 38 sub-variables studied explain the effect of integrated planning and management in regeneration historical textures as 91% and only with the loss of 9%. The results also show that the most effective among the components of integrated planning and management in order to regeneration historical textures related to unit and support management, institutional cohesion and integration, integrated organizational structure and systemic perspective, with a score of 0.864, 0.732, 0.551 and 0.447, respectively. On the other hand, the GOF fitness index for measuring the fit of measuring and structural models has been obtained as 0.549, which indicates the general utility of the structural model of the research.

The discussion of metropolitan governments, as well as a large number of governmental and managerial domains within a metropolitan area, has functioned without any single governmental authority to decide and act throughout the metropolitan area. Based on this, one of the challenges always discussed in the regional management system of Iran, especially in the last decade, has been the issue of physical division and spatial abstraction of land at the national, middle and local levels. Alborz province is the 31st reproductive province of Iran, which was officially formed in 2010. On the other hand, the spatial consequences of such reproduction are not limited to national and middle class divisions, and in 2012, the formation of Ferdis city and the physical abstraction of this nucleus from the other two core (Karaj cores and Mehrshahr cores ) began. To conduct this research, the survey method, Delphi technique and also the combination of SWOT-MetaSWOT model have been used. The results of this study, while providing negative feedback on the spatial disintegration of the region, such as high population density and heterogeneity of population texture of regions and neighborhoods and differences in the level of boundaries and uncertainty of the area, believes that integrated planning and management in a total of 12 municipal districts with three cores Old Karaj, Mehrshahr and Ferdis are interconnected and semi-governmental beyond local management, have inherent flexibility and dynamism, have specific functional areas at the metropolitan area, and have sufficient tools to ensure their decision components.

High-rise construction is one of the approaches based on new theories of urban development and the maximum use of valuable urban land. This approach has been adopted by urban managers and policymakers to meet the growing needs of the growing urban population. Mashhad is the second largest metropolis after Tehran and has a special political-administrative function as well as pilgrimage-tourism. In this respect, it is very attractive for the attraction of the population and the tourist. Therefore, high-rise construction is pursued as a grand strategy aimed at spatial development, with minimal land use and urban land reuse in urban development plans and programs. Adaptation of high-rise residence to the social and religious context of Mashhad requires identifying the challenges and weaknesses of this strategy that the present study was designed to respond to. This research is by nature an applied research. The research is a survey and its type of analysis is descriptive-comparative. In order to apply the results of the research, the proposed guidelines for eliminating social and cultural damages of high-rise buildings in Mashhad have been presented in the form of integrated land management model and high-rise construction in Mashhad.

Due to the importance of organizing space in the development of countries, governments are particularly serious about the proper division of their territorial space. The aim of this study is the pathology of political space management in the metropolitan city of Tehran.

The present study was performed qualitatively using the data-based method and the data extracted from semi-structured interviews with 20 experts. The research was conducted in three stages of open coding, axial coding and selective coding. Foundation data method including contextual factors, causal factors, intervening factors, strategies and outcomes were identified.

In coding, 268 codes were first extracted and finally 60 codes were extracted from the interviews and steps were taken later. In the categories of rule of law, lack of comprehensive law, multiple management and unrest and security challenges; causal factors in the categories of extreme centralism and society and culture; Interfering factors in the categories of overcrowding and anti-corruption; Strategies were divided into the categories of the right to comment and accountability and the political participation of citizens, and consequently the categories of government effectiveness, improving the quality of regulation and political stability, and non-violence.

In general, it can be said that the pathology of political space management in the metropolis of Tehran is very important.

Due to various divisions and fragmentation in the institutional-managerial structures of urban and metropolitan areas, the issue of inefficiency and effectiveness of management measures has become a major problem. Considering the residence of about 20 million people in the metropolitan area of ​​Tehran, identifying divisions and counting the effective components in establishing integrated management is very important. In this research, using a futuristic approach, the key drivers of the development of integrated management of Tehran urban area in 4 main components (knowledge and information, education and culture, public and citizen participation and general environmental management) have been identified; After extracting the effective components, they were ranked using Delphi technique and Micmac software. In the macro analysis of variable knowledge and information trends, "citizens' awareness of laws and regulations" has the highest consensus and certainty; in the macro analysis of education and knowledge trends, the drivers of "using the experiences of successful countries" have the highest priority; The variable "cooperation of local councils" is the most important and in the macro analysis of general environmental management trends, the variable "the degree of commitment of the organization to the implementation of laws and regulations" has the highest certainty and consensus.

Urban Integrated Management as a "horizontal management" type, not a "vertical" one, refers to all organizations and institutions involved in urban management are horizontally and in harmony together. The present research, while analyzing the urban management structure of the historical texture of Shiraz Metropolis, seeks to apply new urban management patterns, including integrated urban management in this settlement. The research employed a descriptive-analytic method. Required data were extracted via field study and library study techniques. The research instruments include interviews and questionnaires. The statistical population consisted of public and private sector institutions and residents of the historical texture of Shiraz metropolitan. The sample size covered 128 public and private sector organizations and the 383 citizens. The statistical analysis of the data was done through SPSS and Amos Graphic software using the Variance- and Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modeling (CB-SEM). The results of the research showed that strengthening of interpolation and inter agency collaboration can lead to strengthening of integrated urban management in the historical texture of Shiraz metropolis, and on the contrary, the decrease in collaboration leads to vertical and parallel management. Moreover, to achieve integrated urban governance based on good urban governance in the historical texture, the willingness of residents to participate in urban management should increase, and local capacity and institutionalization ought to be strengthened.

Integrated management in the context of sustainable urban regeneration in Disaster Area out of the capacity of the existing institutions and institutional beds between players in order to make the decision making and illogical for sustainable. Reform procedural aspects of urban management as hotbeds of institutional and based on the interaction between the various actors role based tasks and their performance in the field of integrated management of the realization of sustainable urban regeneration. Therefore, the objective of this research evaluation of urban management in Metropolitan Ahvaz indicators of integrated management and the necessity of integrated management of Sustainable urban regeneration Disaster Area.

In this research and application of the types of studies descriptive and analytical approach to the Method of data collection documents - field (questionnaires) is used. According to studies carried through field withdrawals, mental documents and interviews with residents and questionnaire, benefiting from the statistical tests, average variance analysis, the Multivariate regression analysis, route enumerated institutional challenges in between the main actors urban management, according to the Metropolitan Ahvaz variables affecting the dominant component in the main index 4 , 12 and 53 have integrated management, how to achieve sustainable urban regeneration . Finally, using a test average variance multivariate regression analysis, and data analyze. Obtained By using the Cranach’s coefficient for questionnaire to people with 0/79, for the private sector0/76, for the public sector 0/81 and for the public sector urban management 74/ 0, which is appropriate reliability of the investigation.In this research and application of the types of studies descriptive and analytical approach to the Method of data collection documents - field (questionnaires) is used. According to studies carried through field withdrawals, mental documents and interviews with residents and questionnaire, benefiting from the statistical tests, average variance analysis, the Multivariate regression analysis, route enumerated institutional challenges in between the main actors urban management, according to the Metropolitan Ahvaz variables affecting the dominant component in the main index 4 , 12 and 53 have integrated management, how to achieve sustainable urban regeneration . Finally, using a test average variance multivariate regression analysis, and data analyze. Obtained By using the Cranach’s coefficient for questionnaire to people with 0/79, for the private sector0/76, for the public sector 0/81 and for the public sector urban management 74/ 0, which is appropriate reliability of the investigation.

Research finding may, stated that the public and private sectors diffusivity in urban management structure and urban management function mainly controlled by public and private sector. Variance data also showed that the majority of characteristics tend to the variance of zero - at least that the response of the self - similarity in statistical community. It looked as though , power - said that in the presence of the management system of urban regeneration, private and public institutions in this process and intervention to organize it was down and led to the inefficiency of interventions regeneration of tissue . also component integration and coordination body (social capital within and between the institutional) in the first priority titled period renaissance and institutional arrangements in the face of the tissue - worn out in the second period as a priority, growth of knowledge and learning the institutional and institutional development capacity in the third period as a priority, sustainable development of the integrated management of the regeneration of old urban fabric. The life cycle of achieving sustainable management of urban regeneration of tissue in Iran, the average priority and scored the index is drawing. Needed life cycle with regard to the priority of integration and coordination on the necessity of starting the institutional integrated management of urban regeneration in the context of sustainable worn by this indicator. It looked as though , power - said that in the presence of the management system of urban regeneration, private and public institutions in this process and intervention to organize it was down and led to the inefficiency of interventions regeneration of tissue . also component integration and coordination body (social capital within and between the institutional) in the first priority titled period renaissance and institutional arrangements in the face of the tissue - worn out in the second period as a priority, growth of knowledge and learning the institutional and institutional development capacity in the third period as a priority, sustainable development of the integrated management of the regeneration of old urban fabric. The life cycle of achieving sustainable management of urban regeneration of tissue in Iran, the average priority and scored the index is drawing. Needed life cycle with regard to the priority of integration and coordination on the necessity of starting the institutional integrated management of urban regeneration in the context of sustainable worn by this indicator.

One of the complex issues urban planning for the realization of integrated management of urban regeneration in the city of Ahvaz regarding the structural constraints, social, cultural, economic and management. According to a survey in this study of Bob urban management function in the context of sustainable urban regeneration process - worn out with a view to integrated management of this result was achieved in the town of integrated management of the Ahvaz city and has not performance attitude and function of traditional half and is the result of the attitudes of the failure of its plan to reproduce and expanding urban problems in the context is worn out. the realization of sustainable urban regeneration of the integrated management of the current situation in the city of Ahvaz, which represents only when the realization of integrated management of the actors this process that mutual relations with other players are conscious, based on the interaction and dialogue, mutual trust between them, with the proviso that their interaction with other actor sand formal recognition system design relations. 

Free economic zones are one of the tools of the neoliberalism system to realize the outsourcing strategy in the paradigm of globalization and one of the main focuses of investor presence. The presence of capital in these areas has led to a more rapid physical development of these areas and their surrounding urban areas than other areas which has increased the necessity of noticing at the of planning and managing land use in the development of free zones. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate land management mechanisms in free zones according to three samples of China, UAE and Iran. The method of this research is descriptive - analytical and based on documentary studies as well as survey. In order to interpretation Content Analysis and Hierarchical Analysis Process (AHP) have been used.The results of a comparative analysis in Iran and the UAE and China show that being sure about providing infrastructure (rated above 80), investment demand analysis and physical environment (rated above 60%) are the most important principles affecting It is land use management. The main feature of land use management system in free zones are sustainable and integrated management of land resources. In Iran's Experience Contrary to the experiences of both China and the UAE, the transparency of land use regulations and executive regulations has not been addressed by the institutional framework of an integrated approach to land use planning and the mechanism of active involvement of local communities and investors in the preparation and implementation of land development plans. This reflects the need for more reflection and thinking in order to achieve the goals of the Free Zones.

Today, Free Economic Zones are one of the tools of the neoliberalism system to realize the outsourcing strategy in the paradigm of globalization based on the political economy of space and one of the main centers of focus for investors. The presence of capital in these areas has led to a more rapid physical development of these areas and their surrounding urban areas than other areas which has  increased the necessity of noticing  at the of planning and managing land use in the development of free zones.So this study wants to do the comparative investigation on planning and management of land use in three free zones of Iran, United Arab Emirates and China and extract of efficient factors on current mechanism land use management by descriptive – analytical method and based on documental studies and survey. Based on it, the first question rises as what are the main effective factors on mechanism of urban land use management in free zones and how are they differenced? The second question is: what does optimization of land use management mechanism in physical development of these zones need to implement? In theoretical studies section it found that land use management has various goals. These goals have interaction and compare with each other. So planning and managing the whole land use is done in the shape of integrated activity. Integration should be in different levels and consider the whole factors (effects of issues such as land market, global change, economic comparativeness for space, environmental balance and different interpretations of emerging changes in land use and effects of them). On the other hand, free zones are a kind of new development paradigm with the goal of providing economic development and economic security, socio-spatial order for cities with the concept of capital accumulation. With regard to unique properties of economic zones, the mechanism of land use management function in free zones is complicated and affected by many factors that is the reason of their differences from the other cities.Based on theatrical studies, theatrical framework of this study is affected by Ding and Lichtenberg and eight measures are defined to measure the effective factors: consideration to demand analysis and investment in development plans (comprehensive plans) and land use, confidence to appropriate biophysics with regard to conservation principles for future, providing development infrastructure that is harmonious with upstream physical plans system, flexibility in physical development plans based on new theory policies, transparency in regulation of land use and implementation, institutional framework with confidence to integrated approach (economic, social and environmental) in land use planning, access to land use management document and mechanism of active participation of communities and investors in preparing and implementation of land development plans.  

The study on free zones in china showed that the main property of these zones are presenting structural plans through flexible plans with maximum outer infrastructure to response to the demand and conservation of environment in all decisions. Implementation mechanism of these plans allows land use change by free zone’s official commission of that can determine and change the land use.

 In Emirates free zones, one of the main achievements is rapid industrial development. The authority of them can attract capital by infrastructure provision. However, each zone has separated authority and land use management is independent and zones lack integrated regional management.  The experience of free zones in Iran show that land use management mechanism is in the way that organization of plan management or planning, prepare and implement the plans after approving by upstream organizations. This framework has many weak points such as lack of transparency in land use regulations, lack of harmony between short decisions and long term plans, lack of hierarchy in approving the plans. Studding the successful experiences of free zones in China and Emirates and comparing them to Iranian ones (by context analysis) to response to the first question (effective factors of land use management) showed that in all cases, there are consideration to demand analysis and investment in development plans (comprehensive plans) and land use, confidence to appropriate biophysics with regard to conservation principles for future, providing development infrastructure that is harmonious with upstream physical plans system, while unlike China and Emirates, in Iran there are no flexibility in physical development plans based on new theory policies, transparency in regulation of land use and implementation, institutional framework with confidence to integrated approach (economic, social and environmental) in land use planning, access to land use management document and mechanism of active participation of communities and investors in preparing and implementation of land development plans and it needs to think deeply about free zones to reach to success.In order to response to second question, we used experts’ opinions in Iran, the results based on AHP showed that confidence to biophysics and demand analysis and investment in development plans (comprehensive plans) and land use and providing infrastructure based on upstream plans are the most important effective factors that should be highlighted.

This study also showed that the main property in land use management system in free zones is sustainable and integrated land resource that encourage development. In this regard, environmental, social and economic issues should be analyzed carefully. In spite of regulations and official structure in integrated management of free zones, still there is no urban integrated management due to lack of accepting changes. The main point is the job opportunity. Efficiency of zones’ function based on encouraging private sector, participation like China and Emirates is necessary in public and infrastructure projects. In this case, private partners can help in planning, management and even infrastructure and services. So in order to realization of integrated and sustainable land use management in free zones of Iran, future studies are needed

The territory of Tehran, an area of 6 thousand square kilometers, is 10 times the current range of Tehran. Due to the increasing population of Tehran and neighboring cities, Tehran's privacy has turned into economic, social, environmental and administrative problems. Nevertheless, the management of the capital's privacy is one of the most important challenges in this area because the government, along with the management of the urban area of Tehran, should be able, while playing a desirable role in the new global environment, a sustainable and environmentally sustainable development for residents of 15 million People will provide this area. The type of research in this research is descriptive-analytical and in collecting information, field studies and library have been used. The combined model (SWOT-AHP) has also been used to analyze the findings. The findings show that among the investigated factors, institutional-management with a score of 0.232 is most important and effective. The second is the economic factor, with a score of 0.214, located in the second place, and the third is the physical effect section with a score of 0.192, and this value is a measure of its importance and effectiveness. Also, the sensitivity analysis diagram shows that the aggressive strategy has the most sensitivity and the defensive strategy also has the least sensitivity.

In coastal towns, using the coasts for developing the tourism industry has been in plans and policies to attract the tourists from a long time ago. Mazandaran Province has 15 coastal cities and 337 kilometers of coast line in which there are different kinds of economic-social activities such as agriculture, fishers, customs, residence, and recreational activities. In this province, the existing conflict and competition among well-known stakeholders for more exploitations of the coast resources and lands has caused serious, widespread disruptions. Therefore, in most regions, coast lands are seized and out of public access. Besides, the desirable development of coastal tourism, as the most potential attraction to attract tourists to these cities and boost local and small businesses, has been marginalized. some certain groups of people have the benefit of this type of coastal development.

In the present study, the “integrated management” approach, which has been introduced in 1990s and welcomed in many coastal areas in recent decades, is emphasized generally. An analytical model has been extracted by the help of literature review and previous studies and research. According to this model, 13 dimensions and 48 indicators for “coastal tourism integrated management” are presented in this paper. Using the survey method and completion of 406 questionnaires by four stakeholder groups: public, private, governmental and people-based related to coastal tourism development in Mazandaran province, the research data about the importance and performance were gathered (in a Likert five-point scale) in the summer and autumn 1397. To evaluate these data, an IPA (Importance - Performance Analysis) method was used. Although there is not any specific format to use this method, a four-phase method by Professor Lai and Hitchcock (2015) has been applied in this paper: 1. Defining the stakeholders 2. Determining the normality of distribution of data 3. Measuring the distance between importance and performance 4. Drawing of IP map (matrix). Moreover, T test is used with two pairs samples (t-value statistics). The result of this test determines the gap between the values of the importance and performance of each indicator. In the final section, the matrix or map of significance - the performance of the dimensions and indicators is displayed. Chi-square test was also used to measure the impact of demographic variables on their answers.  

The results of the Paired-sample t-test have illustrated that all investigated indicators have an importance - performance gap. It means the present performance average of these indicators is lower than importance value. Therefore, this difference was a negative amount for all 48 indicators. Moreover, in the last step of IPA, there is a matrix which has divided 13 dimensions into four parts. As the result of this analysis, only the dimension of “planning and policy making integration” is placed at the first quarter: maintaining (of the existing situation) with both importance and performance more than overall average level. Six dimensions, however, are located in the second quarter (named: concentrate here) which is the most important quarter. These dimensions are: “Stakeholder participation”, “organizational relationships”, “organizational attitude”, “leading and guiding”, “human resources” and “financial resources”. This dimension’s importance level is more than the performance dimension. Therefore, they need more attention in executing the coastal tourism integrated management. The other dimensions are placed in the third and fourth quarters because of a lower importance compared with the others. These are: “governmental-political integration”, “legal context in organizing phase” (in the third quarter named: low priority) and “ICT”, “legal context in monitoring phase”, “legal context in planning phase”, ”access to the facilities and resources” (in the fourth quarter named: possible overkill).

Unfortunately, the performance of all indicators of coastal tourism integrated management in Mazandaran province is less than their importance. According to the results of this study, only the third dimension, i.e. the planning and policy making integration, is in a good position, and efforts should be made to maintain the situation of this dimension. However, it should mentioned that the integration of “anything” in the terminology of policy has always been a holy dream for all planners. As Hall and Harkonen (2006) also argue, the implementation of integrated management in different areas is difficult, and in particular indicators such as the organizations' sustainable attitude, requires appropriate policies and programs from authorities. On the other hand, when the issue of the implementation of dimensions and indicators of integrated management in the specialized field of coastal tourism is raised, considering the conditions and importance of its development in the region, it will undoubtedly become more difficult and require efforts and wider cooperation.