جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "آنتی اکسیدانی" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Recent trends in the production of functional foods and nutraceutical compounds indicate the important role of bioactive molecules in the treatment of human diseases. In this study, some phytochemical and nutraceutical properties of Ziziphus nummularia fruit extract harvested from the Poshtpar-Dashtestan forests were evaluated.

The antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of Ziziphus nummularia fruit extract were studied by 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and spectrophotometric methods, respectively. The secondary metabolites were analyzed by the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. The antimicrobial activities of the aqueous extracts against gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus; gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi; mold Aspergillus niger and yeast Candida albicans were evaluated using the microdilution method.

The GC-MS analysis of the sample identified 51 chemical compounds with different chemical and bioactive structures, such as alkaloids, terpenes, and steroids. Furthermore, the Ziziphus extract showed significant inhibitory and lethal activities against the microbial strains, with its highest antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans. The presence of antimicrobial compounds detected by GC-MS confirmed the results of the antibacterial activity of the extract.

According to the results, the Ziziphus nummularia extract can be an appropriate terrestrial source of antimicrobial compounds with significant performance against foodborne pathogens. Consistent with the literature, the secondary metabolites from the Ziziphus extract have potential biological and nutraceutical effects which require more laboratory studies.

Herbal essential oils (EOs) have antimicrobial and antioxidant activities due to the high amount of bioactive compounds; therefore, they are considered good candidates for applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The present study aimed to assess the total phenolic content and in vitro comparative study of the biological activities of EOs from different plants (e.g., clove, common sage, savory, and organum).

In this experimental study, total phenolic content in EOs was determined, and their antioxidant capacity was measured by the DPPH free radical scavenging method. The components of essential oil were identified using a Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) device. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of EOs was evaluated by the disk diffusion method, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were evaluated by the broth macro dilution method. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's multiple range test.

The highest content of total phenol (157.07±2.37 mg GAL/g dry weight) was recorded for EO of organum. Moreover, the highest percentage of free radical scavenging was determined at 98.142% for organum. The results of GC/MS analysis depicted that monoterpenes were the main compounds of Eos of organum, and the highest value was obtained for the alpha-pinene (74.04%). Furthermore, the results of antibacterial activity of EOs demonstrated that the highest zone of inhibition with a diameter of 44±0.81 mm was observed for the EO of organum. The lowest values of MIC and MBC were reported as 0.275 and 0.55 mg/mL for the EOs of organum and savory against gram-positive Bacillus cereus, respectively.

As evidenced by the results of the current study, the assessed Eos, specifically those of organum, have effective antioxidant and antibacterial activity against bacteria strains, especially gram-positive ones, and can be used as safe antimicrobial compounds in food and health products.

Donalilla algae, especially Donalila salina, is one of the most studied algae cultivars for mass cultivation of Donalila as a food source.

Culture medium conditions with salinity (1, 3 and 5 M), light intensity (35, 127.5 and 220 μmol) and nitrogen source (200, 500 and 800 mmol / l) on the level of antioxidant activity (DPPH) Donalilla salina was optimized. Therefore, 15 treatments were designed according to the Bonken box response level method in 16 minitabs.

The results showed that different culture conditions (salinity, light intensity and nitrogen content) had a significant effect on the amount of antioxidants in Donalilla salina so that the amount of antioxidants decreased significantly with increasing nitrogen in algae culture medium. And increased significantly with increasing salinity and light and varied in the range of DPPH 18.02 to DPPH 20.95.

The highest level of antioxidants (20.79% of DPPH) can be achieved by creating optimal conditions of light irradiation of 165 micromol photons, salinity of 3.34 M and nitrate concentration of 375.75 macromol per liter.

Thymus species have significant amounts of phenolic and flavonoid compounds and demonstrate strong antioxidant activities. Paraoxonase1 act as antioxidant enzyme and protect the low-density lipoprotein against oxidation. In our study we aimed to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of Thymus Kotschyanus Hydroalcoholic extract and its effect on serum paraoxonase 1 activity in healthy and diabetic person.

The antioxidant activity, and functional groups of the constituents in T. Kotschyanus Hydroalcoholic extract were determined using DPPH free radical scavenging assay, and The FTIR spectroscopy, respectively. Paraoxonase-1 activity was determined in 40 healthy and diabetic persons by measuring the rate of paraoxon hydrolysis substrate to p-nitrophenol, which absorbance was monitored at 405 nm. The data Statistically were analyzed by Duncanchr('39')s and independent t-test.

The IC50 values (the concentration with scavenging activity of 50%) was found to be 477.5 μg/ml. FTIR spectrum analysis showed biomolecules containing a hydroxyl group and aromatic ring in T. Kotschyanus hydroalcoholic extract. Serum paraoxonase activity in healthy and diabetic humans exposed to the extract at concentration of 1 mg/mL increased by 49.95 ± 3.57% and 51.05 ± 3.25%, respectively. Although there was a significant difference between serum enzyme activity in healthy and diabetic subjects in the presence and absence of the extract but the amount of enzyme activation affected by the extract in two healthy and patient did not show significant difference.

This plant extract increased enzyme activity due to the antioxidant properties and the presence of phenolic compounds in the plant extract.

Recently, much attention has been paid to the biosynthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) due to their eco-friendly, cost-effective, and easily applied nature. This study aimed to synthesize zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs using Eriobotrya Japonica seed aqueous extract. Moreover, it was attempted to evaluate their antioxidant and antibacterial activities.

Initially, the Eriobotrya Japonica seed aqueous extract was prepared, and the total phenolic and flavonoid contents were measured in this study. After the preparation of ZnO NPs by the extract, the antioxidant activity of ZnO NPs was evaluated using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging method. In addition, the antibacterial activities of the extract and NPs were determined using a disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus gram-positive bacteria and Escherichia coli gram-negative bacteria. Ethics code:  Ir.ausmt.rec.1398.11.33

The results showed that aqueous extract had a specific amount of phenolic and flavonoids (9.86 mg/g and 27 mg/g dry weight of extract, respectively). Moreover, the synthesized ZnO NPs were <30 nm in diameter with a good absorption rate at 349 nm. In addition, the antioxidant activity of the extract and NPs indicated an increase in the antioxidant activity following an increase in the concentration. Furthermore, the anti-bactericidal activity results demonstrated an appropriate antibacterial activity against S. aureus, whereas the aqueous extract had no antibacterial activities.

The findings revealed that the biosynthesized ZnO NPs had appropriate antioxidant and bactericidal activities. This suggests that the NPs can be used in various sectors, such as cosmetic products and food packaging, as a potential alternative to synthetic antibiotics.

 One of the medicinal fungi that has been used in traditional medicine for a long time is the Basidiomycete fungus Fomes fomentarius, which is widely distributed in Iran. Polysaccharides as one of the metabolites of this fungus have anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-cancer properties.

   Optimization of independent variables of MgSO4.7H2O concentration, initial pH, yeast extract, and inoculum percentage to increase biomass and polysaccharide production of F. fomentarius was investigated using the Taguchi method. Then, the biological properties of the produced polysaccharide including antibacterial activity was investigated by bacterial colony counting method, antioxidant activity using DPPH free radical, and antiproliferative effect on 5 cancer cell lines MKN-45, AGS, A549, KYSE-30 and 5637 using MTS test.

   The concentration of MgSO4.7H2O and initial pH had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the production of F. fomentarius polysaccharide and in optimal conditions polysaccharide production reaches 5.410 g/L. The polysaccharide of this fungus inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria by 50% and 25%, respectively. The antioxidant activity of this polysaccharide in the DPPH test is 16.11%. The antiproliferative effect of this polysaccharide on cancer cells is different (KYSE-30> A549 5637> AGS> MKN-45). This effect increases with increasing concentration. In KYSE-30 cell line treatment with 200 g/mL polysaccharide, cell viability reaches 40% after 72 hours.

  Optimizing the culture medium of the medicinal fungus Fomes fomentarius increases the production of polysaccharides up to 5.410 g/L. Optimization increases the biological activity of polysaccharides. Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli is 50% and 25%, respectively. The antioxidant activity of polysaccharides is 16.11% and the viability of KYSE-30 cancer cells reaches 40% after 72 hours.

Attention to the biosynthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) has been increased recently since they are cost-effective, eco-friendly, and potential alternatives to chemical and physical methods. This study aimed to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using an intracellular extract of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Moreover, it was attempted to evaluate their antibacterial and antioxidant effects.

After the preparation and identification of the physical characteristics of the ZnO NPs, their antioxidant activity was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP). Moreover, the antibacterial activity of NPs was tested against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) using a disc diffusion method. Ethics code: IR.ausmt.rec.1398.11.33

The results showed that the synthesized NPs had a spherical shape, and their diameter size was < 30 nm. A good absorption at 370 nm confirmed the presence of ZnO NPs. These NPs depicted an improved antibacterial activity against S. aureus. Moreover, they showed concentration-dependent antioxidant activity in both DPPH and FRAP.

The results indicated that the biosynthesized ZnO NPs had antibacterial and antioxidant activities. This suggests that ZnO NPs can be used in food packaging and cosmetic products. In addition, they can be utilized as an alternative to synthetic antibiotics. However, further studies are required to be conducted in this regard.

The general tendency of society in the use of natural extracts as antimicrobial, antioxidant and preservative compounds has increased in recent years.

The purpose of this study is to improve the functional properties of two native plants (Hyssopus officinalis and Eryngium caeruleum M.Bieb) of the country that was accomplished by comparing the increasing stability of the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of nanoliposomes containing their extracts with the control compounds (free extracts).

Aqueous extraction was performed after identification of both plants and nanoliposomes of H. officinalis, E. caeruleum and their compound were produced based on thin- film hydration method. Tests of encapsulation efficiency, loading capacity, particle size with dynamic light scattering, zeta potential with zetasizer, antioxidant activity by the DPPH radical scavenging method and antimicrobial property were determined by well method.

Nanoliposomes containing E. caeruleum extract had significantly higher loading capacity (5.17%) and encapsulation efficiency (5.23%). The mean size of nanoliposome particles of E. caeruleum extract was significantly higher (21.54 nm) than other samples. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was increased after encapsulation in the nanoliposome, and the EC50 of the nanoliposomal E. caeruleum extract was decreased to 14.27 (μg/ml). Among the microsatellites, Streptococcus iniae (43.19 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (38.18 mm), respectively, showed a higher growth inhibition compared to other bacterias in the presence of nanoliposomes containing H. officinalis and E. caeruleum extracts.

Nanoliposomes containing Hyssopus officinalis andE. caeruleum extracts can best increase the functional properties of these medicinal plants and are recommended for industrial application.

Imbalance between low oxygen supply and oxygen demand determines organ hypoxia. It occurs especially in heart diseases and ischemia and causes death. Compounds with antioxidant activity could exhibit antihypoxic properties. Hibiscus rosa sinensis has good antioxidant activity, but there is no information about the antihypoxic activities of this plant. This study was designed to evaluate antihypoxic activities of H. rosa extract.

Protective effects of the methanolic extract of H. rosa against hypoxia-induced lethality in mice were evaluated by experimental models of hypoxia i.e. asphyctic, haemic, and circulatory models. This experimental study was carried out in 15 groups of male mice (n= 6 per group). Data analysis was done applying Analysis of variance and Tukey's multiple comparisons test.

Findings showed significant protective activities in all three models. Antihypoxic activity was considerably high in asphyctic and haemic models. In asphyctic model, the extract at
125 mg/kg showed similar activity to positive control, phenytoin (P>0.05), but at 250 mg/kg it was stronger than phenytoin (P<0.05). In haemic model, the extract demonstrated similar activity to propranolol at 125 mg/kg (P>0.05) and greater protective activity at 250 mg/kg (P<0.001). In circulatory model, the H. rosa extract was found to be effective at 62.5 mg/kg (P<0.05). At 125 mg/kg it significantly prolonged survival time to 14.04 ± 1.36 vs 11.37 ± 1.53 min in control group (P<0.01). The extract at 250 mg/kg showed the same activity as propranolol (P>0.05).

H. rosa extract showed strong protective effects against hypoxia in all three tested models. Compared to the control group, the extract significantly prolonged survival time in a dose dependent manner.

Obesity and cardiovascular disease are among the leading causes of mortality in the world. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of aerobic training on some antioxidant and cardiac oxidative stress in male rats with two types of normal and cholesterol-rich diet.

40 male Wistar rats randomly divided into four groups of normal-control, normal-exercise, cholesterol-rich and cholesterol-exercises. The training groups performed 12 weeks (5 days a week) of endurance training. Prior to the beginning of the training period, the cholesterol-rich diet group rats were fed this diet for three months to induce hyperlipidemia and dietary intervention was administered until the end of the training period. 48 hours after the last training session, they were killed and then their heart tissues were separated and the experiments were performed.

Between groups analyses indicated a significant difference between groups consuming cholesterol and normal foods in the MDA (P = 0.001), TAC (P = 0.004) and glutathione (P = 0.013).

The results of this study showed that moderate-intensity aerobic activity improved oxidative stress indices and increased TAC in the hearts of mice with normal and high cholesterol diet.

Since the application of certain methods to minimize the oxidative and microbial spoilage in meat products is economically and hygienically significant, further studies are required to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of plant extracts in meat and meat products.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the antimicrobial effect of sumac extract in ground beef contaminated with multidrug resistance E. coli. Sumac extract was extracted by maceration method. The total phenol content of the extract was measured by Folin-Ciocalteo, and the total flavonoid content was determined by aluminum chloride method. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by iron reduction test (FRAP). The antimicrobial effect of the extract was evaluated using well diffusion method. After the inoculation of the minced meat, the samples were transferred to the refrigerator at 4 ° C, and a six-day storage period for microbial tests including the total count, Pseudomonas, Escherichia coli, mold and yeast started.

The total amount of phenolic compounds was 290.852 mg/g, and the amount of flavonoids was 4.508 mg/g. The antioxidant ability of the extract was reported 380.79-744.04 µmol iron/mg. The results of the antimicrobial tests indicated that the minimum inhibitory and lethal concentrations were 166.66 mg/ml and 333.33 mg/ml, respectively. Adding sumac extract to minced meat samples significantly prevented the growth of all microorganisms. This activity increased with the rise of concentration.

It could be concluded that sumac extract is a remarkable source of antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds and might be used in food products such as meat and meat products.

In this study, hydrolysis condition optimization of the pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) seed proteins was carried out achieve maximum DPPH radical scavenging and nitric-oxide inhibition properties using Design Expert Software and response surface methodology.

In general, 1–3% concentrations of pepsin enzyme, 30–40 °C temperature and 120–100 min time were selected as the independent variables.

Results showed that the optimum conditions for achieving maximum DPPH radical scavenging and nitric-oxide inhibition activities included temperature of 32 °C, time of 161.5 min and an enzyme-substrate ratio of 3% with antioxidant and nitric-oxide inhibitory activities of 54.63 and 89.09%, respectively. These results were largely similar to the results suggested by the software (56.03 and 91.92%, respectively).

Based on the results, hydrolyzed proteins of the pumpkin seeds include good antioxidant and nitric-oxide inhibitory activities and can therefore be used as natural compounds for replacing synthetic preservatives in food products.

Free radicals are one of the causes of cancer. In case of the disease, some cells of the body progress to the surrounding tissues and divide without stopping. The use of natural antioxidants plays a positive role in maintaining the health. Cancer and the presence of free radicals in the body motivated researchers to study substances that may eliminate them. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cytotoxicity and antioxidant effect of Carum Carvi essential oil nanomulsion. In this study, antioxidant activity was measured by DPPH and ABTS in different concentrations of nanoemulsion (200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 μg/ml). Also, cytotoxicity was investigated by MTT method on breast cancer cells (TUBO) and normal cells (L929) at different concentrations of nanoemulsion. The results of the antioxidant, DPPH and ABTS tests with IC50 indicated the antioxidant properties of Carum Carvi essential oil nanoemulsion. The IC50 showed anticancer activity of the nanoemulsion, however low concentration of nanoemulsion has no significant effect on normal cells. The results suggested that Carum Carvi essential oil nanoemulsion has the ability to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells and also inhibit free radicals.

Herbal essential oils like Bunium persicum L. due to having anti-microbial and anti-oxidant properties, can be effective in prolongation of food shelf life. Considering environmental consequences arising from plastic packs, biodegradable covering films such as chitosan combined with herbal essential oils are an appropriate approach to controlling the chemical and microbial factors of food. This study aimed at investigating the anti-microbial and anti-oxidant effect of Bunium persicum L. essential oil combined with chitosan film on chicken meat packaging.
Chitosan films were prepared with different percentage of Bunium persicum L. essential oil (0, 1 & 2%). Films were produced after homogenization and molding using casting method with glycerol (plasticizer) and tween 80 (emulsifier). Chemical and microbial tests were performed on days 0, 2, 4, 7 and 10 on chicken fillets without film (control) and those having different films, which were stored in°4 C. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS.
Chicken samples packed with various films indicated lower values of chemical and microbial factors compared with control samples (p≤0.05) and generally a dose-response trend was observed by addition of essential oil.
Chicken meat packing with chitosan film, especially by adding different levels of Bunium persicum L. essential oil can play an inhibitory role in increasing effective factors related to chemical and microbial spoilage.

Synthetic additives are used in food industry to prevent contamination of food and reduction of microbial growth, while special attention have been paid to the use of natural anti-bacterial products because of higher food safety. Since plants are potential sources of anti-infective agents, the present study was conducted to study the antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of ethanolic extract of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) seeds.
In this experimental study, the ethanolic extract was prepared after obtaining the fennel seeds. To analyze the antimicrobial effect of the extract, the Micro dilution method was used based on 9 concentrations of 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.12, 1.56, 0.78 and 0.39% on food isolates (kept in microbial bank) and standard strains of Escherichia coli 1270 PTCC, Salmonella enterica 1709PTCC, Bacillus cereus 11778ATCC and Staphylococcus aureus 1112PTCC. To change the antioxidant effect of the ethanolic extract of fennel, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method was used in 7 concentrations of 1000, 500, 400, 300, 200, 100 and 50 ppm.
FINDINGS: Salmonella enterica food isolates showed highest level of resistance (2.3 of isolates grew at concentrations above 12.5%) while Staphylococcus aureus isolates showed highest level of sensitivity (without growth at concentrations above 12.5%) against ethanolic extract of fennel (p>0.05). In all the examined concentrations, the antioxidant effect of the ethanolic extract of fennel seed was reported to be less than synthetic antioxidants BHA (Bytalyted Hydroxy Toluene) (p According to the results of this study, the ethanolic extract of fennel seed benefits from appropriate antibacterial and antioxidant properties and thus can be used in combination with other preservatives to preserve food against various oxidative systems and microorganisms that cause infection and intoxication.

The goal of this studying was evaluation of anticancer and anti-oxidant properties of four types of extracts from Pomegranate (Punica granatum L) spongy tissue on colon cancer cells Caco-2.
Subjects and The phytochemicals of spongy tissues of pomegranate were identified by phytochemical methods. In order to evaluate cytotoxic and anti-oxidant characteristics, ethanolic and n-hexane extracts from pomegranate spongy tissues were collected, using Soxhlet apparatus and maceration methods. The effects of these extracts on Caco-2 colon cancer cells were evaluated using MTT, NBT and TBA tests, as well as catalase enzyme levels.
The photochemical analysis confirmed the presence of flavonoids, tannin, alkaloid, terpenoides, aldehyde, ketones and vitamin C compounds, but no steroids, saponins and protein were detected. The results of MTT showed the least cell survival value of treated cancerous cell was obtained with n-hexane-derived extract extract using Soxhlet method. Furthermore, NBT results demonstrated that the n-hexane extract using Soxhlet method exhibited peroxidant characteristics and droves the cancerous cells toward apoptosis. On the other hand, TBA results showed that the highest cytotoxicity belonged to n-hexane extract by Soxhlet and ethanolic extract by maceration method respectively. The highest catalase enzyme activity was observed in treatment by maceration ethanolic extract.
The existence of several compounds with pro-apoptotic properties in the extracts of spongy tissues of pomegranate propose the notion that using the compounds of these extracts alone or in combination with chemotherapy may be beneficial in treatment of colon cancer.

The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) increased globally. Prevalence of NAFLD in general population estimated as 10-24%. Insulin resistance and fat accumulation in liver cells playing an important role in this disease. Recently usage of antioxidants in prevention and treatment of disease is considered. Quercetin is an antioxidant in flavonoids group. In the present study we aim to determine the effects of quercetin on NAFLD.
After searching relevant keywords such as NAFLD, antioxidant, quercetin, insulin resistance, liver activity, lipid and inflammation, 20 fulltext papers and 12 abstracts that which were in accordance with the aim of this study were evaluated.
Quercetin in addition to its inherent antioxidant activity can reduce inflammation; improve serum lipids; decrease lipid accumulation in the liver; improve insulin resistance by increasing hexokinase activity, glycogen content of muscle and liver, phosphorylation and activation of insulin receptors; and promote liver activity by reducing serum liver transaminase enzymes and inhibiting the production of liver fibrotic factors.
In animal and cell-culture studies, the application of quercetin was shown to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, insulin resistance reduction and antifibrotic effects. All these factors clearly show that quercetin can be counted as one of the important dietary factors having a role in the prevention and also treatment of NAFLD.