سمیه لبافی

The regulatory of media platforms in Iran is an emerging phenomenon that faces various challenges. The relationship between these platforms and governments and other institutions has become a major concern. This research investigates the regulatory costs in the ecosystem of media platforms in Iran by identifying transaction costs and exploring the role of various institutions within this ecosystem. For this purpose a qualitative approach and a three-round Delphi process are used. The first round consisted of interviews with 15 experts. In the next two rounds, data collection was completed by distributing questionnaires to activists in the area of media platforms regulatory. First, the transaction cost were identified through literature review and expert interviews. Next, these costs were categorized and evaluated based on their connections to the ecosystem, regulators, businesses, and users. An economical ecosystem is dynamic and effective only when regulations are few and up to a level that encourages entrepreneurs to establish businesses, grow, develop, and innovate. The media ecosystem in Iran currently suffers from the lack of precise and coherent laws and regulations for media platforms. This does not imply that entrepreneurs are encouraged to create value; instead, it has led to various institutions interfering in different regulatory aspects of this ecosystem.

Evidence-based policymaking (EBPM) has gained significant importance in recent years, particularly in the field of economics. This approach emphasizes the systematic use of the best available evidence to inform policy decisions and improve policy outcomes. While traditional sources of evidence, such as academic research and government reports, have been widely used in EBPM, the potential role of media products, especially documentary films, in providing policy evidence has not been extensively explored. Documentary films, with their ability to capture and represent real-world issues and experiences, offer a unique opportunity to gather and present evidence relevant to policymaking. These films can provide rich, nuanced, and contextual information that may not be readily available through other sources. They can also engage a wider audience and stimulate public discourse on important policy issues. However, the use of documentary films as a source of policy evidence raises several questions and challenges. How can the evidence presented in these films be assessed for quality and credibility? How can the information need of policymakers be aligned with the content of documentary films? What are the practical considerations for integrating documentary evidence into the policymaking process? This study aims to address these questions by assessing the feasibility of using documentary films to provide policy evidence in evidence-based economic policymaking in Iran. It seeks to identify the types of evidence that can be presented in economic documentary films, explore how this evidence can be collected and applied in policymaking, and propose a practical model for integrating documentary films into the EBPM process.

To achieve the research objectives, a mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative and quantitative techniques. The study was conducted in two main phases. In the first phase, a qualitative content analysis was performed on a purposively selected sample of eight Iranian economic documentary films. The selection criteria included being single-episode, addressing Iran's economic problems, being recent (produced in the late 2010s), having relatively high production quality, and being accepted or awarded in domestic documentary festivals. These criteria were chosen to ensure the relevance, timeliness, and quality of the selected films. The content analysis was guided by a deductive coding framework derived from the theoretical literature on evidence-based policymaking. The framework focused on identifying the types of evidence presented in the films, such as statistical data, expert opinions, case studies, and stakeholder perspectives. It also examined how this evidence was collected, presented, and utilized within the narrative structure of the films. In addition to the content analysis, semi-structured interviews were conducted with the filmmakers and economic experts involved in the production of the selected films. These interviews provided insights into the motivations, challenges, and strategies behind the use of evidence in economic documentary filmmaking. The second phase of the study employed the Delphi method to assess the consensus among a panel of experts regarding the feasibility and potential of using documentary films as a source of policy evidence. A total of 25 experts, including policymakers, economists, and documentary filmmakers, were purposively selected to participate in the Delphi process. The Delphi process consisted of three rounds of online questionnaires. In the first round, the experts were presented with a set of 61 research propositions generated from the content analysis and interviews. These propositions covered various aspects of using documentary films in evidence-based policymaking, such as the types of evidence that can be presented, the methods of collecting and applying this evidence, and the criteria for assessing the quality and credibility of the evidence. The experts were asked to rate their level of agreement with each proposition on a 5-point Likert scale. They were also encouraged to provide qualitative comments and suggestions for refining the propositions. The responses from the first round were analyzed, and the propositions were revised based on the feedback received. In the second round, the revised propositions were presented to the experts, along with the aggregated results from the first round. The experts were asked to re-rate their level of agreement and provide further comments if necessary. This process was repeated in the third round, allowing for the refinement and consolidation of the propositions. The quantitative data from the Delphi process were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including measures of central tendency and dispersion. The qualitative comments were thematically analyzed to identify key insights and recommendations.

The content analysis of the selected economic documentary films revealed a wide range of evidence types used to support the narratives and arguments presented. These included statistical data, expert opinions, case studies, stakeholder perspectives, historical records, and visual evidence such as footage of economic activities and conditions. The films employed various methods to collect and present this evidence, such as interviews with experts and stakeholders, on-site footage of economic activities, archival research, and data visualization techniques. The evidence was often woven into the narrative structure of the films, providing context and supporting the main themes and messages. The interviews with filmmakers and economic experts highlighted the challenges and considerations involved in using evidence in documentary filmmaking. These included issues of access, bias, and the need to balance the demands of storytelling with the rigorous presentation of evidence. The Delphi process yielded a high level of consensus among the expert panel regarding the feasibility and potential of using documentary films as a source of policy evidence. Of the 61 initial propositions, 40 received a consensus score of 75% or higher, indicating strong agreement. These propositions covered key aspects such as the importance of presenting diverse types of evidence, the need for rigorous research and fact-checking, and the potential of documentary films to provide nuanced and contextual information. The experts also emphasized the importance of collaboration between policymakers, researchers, and filmmakers to ensure the relevance and applicability of documentary evidence. They suggested establishing formal partnerships, developing guidelines for evidence-based filmmaking, and creating platforms for disseminating documentary evidence to policymakers and the public. Based on the findings, a practical model was proposed for integrating documentary films into the evidence-based policymaking process. The model includes the following key components:Problem identification and agenda-setting: Policymakers and researchers identify key economic issues and policy priorities that could benefit from documentary evidence.Collaboration and co-production: Policymakers, researchers, and filmmakers collaborate to develop documentary projects that align with the identified policy needs and priorities.Evidence gathering and filmmaking: Filmmakers collect and present relevant evidence using rigorous research methods and engaging storytelling techniques.Quality assessment and review: The documentary evidence is subjected to quality assessment and review by experts to ensure its credibility, reliability, and relevance to policymaking.Dissemination and engagement: The documentary films are disseminated to policymakers, stakeholders, and the public through various channels, such as policy briefings, screenings, and online platforms.Policy impact and evaluation: The impact of the documentary evidence on policy decisions and outcomes is monitored and evaluated, informing future evidence-based filmmaking efforts.

This study demonstrates the feasibility and potential benefits of using documentary films as a source of policy evidence in evidence-based economic policymaking. By leveraging the unique strengths of this media product, such as its ability to provide rich, nuanced, and contextual information, policymakers can access a diverse body of evidence to inform their decisions and improve policy outcomes. The proposed model for integrating documentary films into the EBPM process offers a practical framework for fostering collaboration between policymakers, researchers, and filmmakers. It emphasizes the importance of aligning the content of documentary films with the information needs of policymakers, ensuring the quality and credibility of the evidence presented, and engaging stakeholders throughout the policymaking process. To support the implementation of this model, several recommendations are made. These include establishing formal partnerships between policymaking institutions and documentary production teams, developing guidelines and standards for evidence-based filmmaking, creating platforms for disseminating documentary evidence, and building capacity for evidence use among policymakers and filmmakers. However, the study also acknowledges the limitations and challenges associated with using documentary films as policy evidence. These include issues of bias, subjectivity, and the potential for misrepresentation or manipulation of evidence. Addressing these challenges requires a commitment to transparency, critical reflection, and ethical standards in documentary filmmaking and evidence use. Future research could explore the application of this model in different policy contexts and domains, as well as the long-term impacts of documentary evidence on policy outcomes. Additionally, research could investigate the public reception and engagement with documentary films as a form of policy evidence, and how this influences public discourse and participation in policymaking processes. In conclusion, this study makes a significant contribution to the emerging field of evidence-based policymaking by highlighting the potential of documentary films as a valuable source of policy evidence. It offers a practical model and recommendations for integrating this media product into the policymaking process, while also acknowledging the challenges and limitations involved. By fostering collaboration, innovation, and critical reflection, this approach can contribute to more informed, inclusive, and effective policymaking in the field of economics and beyond.

One of the most important things that can lead to the competitive advantage of the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB) organization in the turbulent environment of media organizations is the formulation and implementation of strategy or strategic management. Identifying strategic risks and preparing actions for them can increase the probability of strategic management success in the IRIB organization and increase the competitiveness of this organization in the media sphere of the country and the world. The purpose of this study is to identify and present a model of strategic risks in the IRIB. In order to achieve the research goal, grounded theory (GT) method have been used. The data required for the research in the qualitative section were obtained through in-depth interviews with fourteen experts. These people have been purposefully selected from among the deputies, consultants, managers, and experts of the IRIB organization whose organizational position or duties are related to the category of strategy, as well as university professors who are familiar with the category of risk and strategy. Data were analyzed in three stages of open, axial, and selective coding using Atlas.ti software. Based on this, 115 concepts were identified and categorized in the form of seven risks including structural risks, knowledge risks, production risks, managerial risks, technical and technological risks, financial risks, and human resource risks.

In this research, the activity of Twitter s users has been analyzed. The sample of the research was the users who posted on the topic of technology. The purpose of this research was to present the process of using the data of Twitter s users in the policy making process. This process has suggested how to use data analysis in each step of the policy making process. Algorithms presented in this process were tested with 6-month data of all Persian language Twitter s users who have published tweets on the topic of science and technology policy. The proposed classification model was able to distinguish and separate evidence tweets from non-evidence tweets with acceptable accuracy. Also, the text of the tweets of the most influential Twitter users who posted tweets and the number of connections their tweets created were extracted and analyzed. The selection criterion of these users was the number of connections they had made (more than 300 connections), which shows that these users have paid the most attention to information filtering, applications and social networks. The innovation of this research was the proposal to use the data of social network users in the policy making process.

These days users show more sensitivity towards the policies related to social media. This public concern has also become a research sensitivity and in recent years, the amount of research published in this regard has increased. Awareness of users' sensitivities towards social media policies (using Google Trend data analysis) on the one hand and its relationship with the orientation that researchers have had regarding the study of this field (Scopus database data analysis) is the aim of this research.
Research The present research was conducted using network analysis and cluster analysis techniques. The desired period for extracting data from the Scopus database was from 2004 to 2021 and for the Google database from 2017 to 2021. The search was done based on the keyword of social media by combining the keywords of regulation, policy and governance in these two databases.
The network created from the analysis of articles related to the searched keywords shows that social media is the center of communication in this network and the form of network communication has changed over the years. The results show that there is a close relationship between social media policy studies and user search results in Google, in terms of time. Since the years when public concern about the performance of social media has been formed, we have witnessed the growth of research related to the policy areas of social media, so concepts such as privacy and data protection of social media users in recent years with It has been discussed many times in researches. The systematic analysis revealed that policy development has received less attention in the literature, while previous studies focused on the development of social media itself. The networks developed for investigating the keywords of the Social Media Policy (SMP) dataset show that privacy, public policy, online networking, and decision-making are the main concerns in the literature. At the same time, the search within Google shows that the public interest in searching relevant keywords has increased over the years but has had a slight decrease in recent years.
Discussion & The analysis shows that the SMP literature is direct to the application of machine learning, policy responses to new challenges, Covid-19, and health care in recent years. These directions tend to be extended as emerging themes in the literature. Machine learning (ML) is used for different purposes in the field of social media. For example, recent studies have developed ML algorithms for detecting bots on different platforms, and intentions to use social media. Some other studies focused on all these emerging themes at the same time. Some of them analyze and monitor the pandemic changes due to Covid-19 applying ML on social media data. ML is increasingly being applied to datasets originated by social media for health purposes such as anxiety, depression, abuse and ... analysis. This article has two levels of innovation. First, the subject of this research, social media policymaking, has been a very important topic in recent years, and this research has tried to conduct a systematic review of it and map this scientific field to help develop future research. Second, this research, like the previous works, did not focus only on presenting a scientific map of a field using the data of scientific databases but also considered the comparison of trends in Scopus and Google search databases. Examining a scientific field about which there are many challenges in the general society is not possible only by examining the previous research of that field. Social media policy-making has been a challenging issue in these years, as it is involved with the public interests of a wide range of citizens and has wide-ranging effects on users' activities, which has confronted policymakers with new issues. Therefore, identifying the issues that are considered by general users of social media and comparing what has been at the center of attention for researchers can be a guide for policymakers in this field. This innovation in the way of dealing with social media policy, which has not been done so far, can be a good example for implementation in other fields of science.

The advent of social networks has brought about changes in various aspects of human life, and marketing is one of the areas that has been affected. With the emergence of influencers with the ability to influence the wide followers in social networks, brands' interest in influencer marketing is growing rapidly and today brands spend most of their advertising budgets on influencer marketing. In the present study, using the Elaboration likelihood model of persuasion (ELM) and Concepts such as Para-social interaction (PSI) and Electronic Word of mouth (EWOM), we investigated the effect of persuasion cues of women influencers on the intention to buy followers as the aim of the study. The case study of this study was beauty women influencers on Instagram. For this purpose, by identifying 4 prominent beauty influencers among Iranian users, the pages of these women influencers on Instagram were examined. The present research is applied in terms of descriptive nature and its method is survey and data collection tool is an online questionnaire. 396 questionnaires were collected by available sampling method. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 3 and SmartPls software version 26. The results showed that persuasion cues related to expertise, Trustworthiness and experience with the variable mediated by source credibility and persuasion cues related to self-disclosure, social attractiveness, attitude homophily with the mediating variable of PSI have an effect on EWOM and ultimately intention to purchase followers. Contrary to the researcher's expectations, effective physical attractiveness has no effect on PSI and ultimately EWOM and intention to purchase followers.

In recent years, changes have occurred in the TV-watching paradigm. One of the most important changes is the second screen that accompanies the watching. the second screening is the new experience of watching television, allowing the viewer to interact in a different way with a television program. the present study has been done by deep and semi-structured interviews with 21 managers of five private TV networks in Afghanistan and 20-second screen users and TV audiences to identify the factors affecting the promotion and development of the second screen to increase the interaction of TV audiences in Afghanistan. The factors affecting the promotion and development of the second screen in Afghanistan are classified into six categories: the features of the second screen, the factors that predispose the second screen, the second screen deterrent, the second screen development strategies, and the consequences of second screen development. And also factors of developer (individual, organizational, environmental) and restrictive factors (individual, organizational, environmental) are separated in this study. And on the other hand, expanding of second screening empowers audiences to shape public narratives alongside news organizations and political elites.

Research into customer engagement with the brand is on the rise, but so far little empirical work has been done on user engagement with the brand on media platforms. Since the competition among Iranian media platforms to attract and retain users is increasing and because the platforms are trying to increase the number of their users, identifying and explaining the components affecting user engagement are of high importance. The present study was done to investigate user engagement with the brand in the domestically created and launched Iranian media platform named “Rubika”.

The statistical population of the study included 419 users of Rubika. The required data was gathered via the distribution of online questionnaires. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was utilized for designing a model and Smart PLS3 software was used to analyze the collected data.

The achieved results showed that user engagement, user participation, and brand self-expression have a positive effect on the various dimensions of consumer engagement with the brand i.e. cognitive, emotional processing, and activation. Also, the dimensions of consumer engagement with the brand were proved to have a positive effect on brand loyalty and value creation in the Rubica platform. Value co-creation is a process in which the consumer and the brand are closely involved in the production of value, which makes brands able to use the positive experiences and ideas of their consumers and users to improve and develop new products.

This study is a continuation of a research piece carried out by Algharabat et al. (2019) that proposed testing and validation of the Consumer Brand Engagement Scale (CBE) by Middle-Eastern media, for future studies. The findings of the current research introduce user engagement as the key to promoting brand loyalty and value co-creation in the Rubica media platform. Co-creating value in media platforms to engage users with the brand can prevent them from Switching Behavior i.e. shifting to similar media platforms. Therefore, user engagement can improve the benefits and values ​​perceived by the user, lead to greater satisfaction with service relationships and increase customer value creation behaviors. Accordingly, Rubika can engage users with its service creation process (such as knowledge generation, discussion, and information exchange) to develop positive values ​​that benefit both Rubika and its users.

This research was codacted to identify the effects of algorithmic gatekeeping in media platforms on the general interests of Iranian platform and users. The research was carried out using the qualitative approach and the theme analysis method. The data was collected through in-depth and semi-structured interviews with 18 experts in the field of media platforms as well as platform ecosystem policy makers. The findings were classified into 7 main themes, which are "developing algorithmic gatekeeping in platforms with big data", "Content personalization through algorithms", "Displaying advertisements based on the economic enterprises demand", "Algorithmic gatekeeping and restriction of freedom of receiving and Publishing content", "Algorithmic gatekeeping and user privacy", "Algorithmic gatekeeping and the power to shape social and cultural structure" and "Algorithmic gatekeeping affects users' political attitudes". The findings showed that the effect of algorithmic gatekeeping on platforms on the interests of users can be classified in three general dimensions of issues related to "users' freedom of expression", "users' privacy" and "social-political effects of platforms". The results also showed that the Iranian platforms gatekeeping is for political and social influences, although it does not seem to be the case for economic influences.

In parallel with emergence of digital media in the media industry and facilitation of content production and distribution, a great number of startups have been created in the media industry. Considering the two-way communication between entrepreneurship and media industry is identification of the existing entrepreneurial opportunities in the media industry deemed the most essential needs or components in this area. Currently, a limited number of research programs have been conducted on the linkage between media entrepreneurship and identification of relevant opportunities in Iran. The present research is regard practical in terms of the purpose and exploratory mix in respect of data collection and analysis. The objective of this investigation is to identify entrepreneurial opportunities in the media startups in Iran. Thus in this research, some deep semi structured interviews were arranged for 12 media experts and entrepreneurs with the aim of identifying the existing entrepreneurial opportunities in the field of media startups. In the qualitative section, the targeted sampling method for achieving the theoretical saturation and in the quantitative section, the systematic sampling method were used. The data were collected by means of the two methods of deep interview (in the qualitative section) and questionnaire (in the quantitative section). In the qualitative section, the existing opportunities in the media industry were identified by using the thematic analysis techniques. Additionally a pairwise comparison questionnaire was designed and distributed among the experts and entrepreneurs to establish the relationship between identified trends and opportunities intensity of their counter impact. the data gathered from the questionnaires were analyzed by the DEMATEL technique and finally 67 opportunities in 9 different segments of the media industry were identified. These opportunities, inter alia included news coverage, amusement, information service, advertisement, training/education and cultural areas.

The present  survey aims to extract the patterns of content developed by Twitter users by using the regulatory focus theory (RFT).

This study was conducted based on text mining techniques. The statistical population consisted of the texts published on Twitter from July 2020 to July 2021, and the data were collected by searching special keywords.

The results of the article indicate that a total of 33,192 tweets were extracted as the dataset, 1,967 of which were selected for labeling by RFC.

The authors of the research conclude that the four main discourses extracted from the analyzed tweets were Possession, Non- Possession, abstinence, and exposure. The results revealed the higher frequency of codes related to the discourse “exposure”, indicating the semantic coherence of “exposure” both on Twitter and the whole society. This semantic coherence can direct and mobilize public opinion to call for cultural reforms.

Bibliometric studies prevent the abandonment of knowledge, the unbalanced growth of science fields, and the production of duplicate research. Media policy is one of the important fields of media management. Media policy is concerned with the media industry regulating activities to protect and develop the interests of stakeholders, and to control the power in this industry (Labafi & Williams, 2019). Media policy determines and affects how media industries develop (Doyle, 2013). Media policy is a product of national political, cultural, and social ideologies (Ots and Krumsvik, 2016; Freedman, 2008; Freedman, 2018; Labafi et al., 2020). It helps to achieve specific goals of the governing system (Hutchison, 1999), retain and attract stakeholders, and control power in the industry (Labafi et al., 2019). Some scholars accept the state intervention at a minimum level (Evans, 2016) and suppose that various players such as states, civil institutions, and users should take part in policy-making (Puppis, 2010). However, it depends on a specific context. Regarding either national or international legislation systems, previous studies (Van Cuilenburg and McQuail, 2003; Lund, 2004; Freedman, 2011) indicate that media policy requires a series of socially accepted principles. Up until now, the studies in the field of media policy followed a variety of approaches, and the diversity of its studies in each period was proportionate to the media industry regulation needs (Van Den Bulck et al., 2019). Awareness of the studies on this field facilitates predicting the future of these studies and their influence on policy-making in the media industry. No research has been carried out neither on the status of scientific products of media policy nor on the growth pattern of these products based on the indices of network and cluster analysis. Bibliometric studies can provide an effective tool to prevent the marginalization of applied knowledge, unbalanced growth of some fields of science, and conduction of duplicate studies. This paper reviewed and analyzed the studies conducted in this field using network and cluster analysis. It is seeking to draw a Bibliometric map following the papers published in the field of media policy.

This research was carried out using network analysis techniques, as well as cluster analysis. The data collection entails the search of paper titles comprising five keywords related to media policy (freedom of speech, copyright, privacy, data protection, and net neutrality). The research population included all papers on the Web of Science in the field of media policy from 2000 to 2019. The aforesaid records were downloaded and stored (a total of 900 were stored and processed). The clustering and visualization techniques were used by Vos Viewer, 1.6.13 to respond to the research questions.

The findings suggested that the majority of the papers were carried out in 2018, i.e., 112 papers, and the highest number of citations amounted to 630 in 2017. A total number of 1873 authors were studied in this citation network, which included 119 authors as nodes in the co-authorship network map of media policy. In this research, the evolution of keywords’ co-occurrence and authors’ collaboration networks were drawn from 2000 to 2019 in the four-time intervals of the end of 2004, 2009, 2014, and 2019. The most repeated concepts in the papers were social media, media policymaking, privacy, information security, regulation, politics, Facebook, etc. The most repeated and co-occurred concepts were classified into 5 clusters. The most important cluster consisted of concepts related to social medial regulation; in this cluster, concepts such as Web-2, information privacy, Twitter, Facebook, security, copyright, impact, new media, data protection, trust, and policy co-occurred more than 4 times. In addition, the authors’ collaboration network among the universities of different countries was specified together with adjustments on the world map and geographical dispersion. The co-authorship map of media policymaking includes 119 nodes. Considering the novelty and interdisciplinary nature of this field, there is no large network of cooperation, and authors are usually willing to write and publish their works individually or less cooperate with those in this network. Figures such as Philip Napoli, Des Freedman, and Petros Iosifidis have published several works individually without cooperation or through minimum cooperation with those in this network. The largest co-authorship network in this map consists of 12 authors, such as Paola Mancini, Carlo, and Bellini.

The Bibliometric maps demonstrated the necessity of considering the growing themes and trends in a scientific field. The Bibliometric mapping of Media Policy proposed in this research indicated the emphasis on privacy in the studies in this field, which is convergent with the requests of the social media users in this regard. Furthermore, the co-occurrence of keywords suggested that researchers are more inclined to work on the big data and media platforms at their disposal and seek to conceptualize the ownership of these data using various approaches. The media industry policymakers are recommended to seriously consider the most repeated concepts of papers because these abstract concepts will turn into real needs of the industry and users in the future. Events such as the Cambridge Analytica scandal well indicated that the media industry needs to come up with new policies to deal with changes. The public discourse now demands the regulation of media platforms; the demands in this regard cover a wide range from the necessity of monitoring media platforms to the need for media platforms to be accountable for user-generated content. The diversity and multiplicity of studies on media policymaking can help policymakers to develop and implement better policies.

Reputation management in media organizations is not possible without the engagement of stakeholders. Audiences, as the main stakeholders of the media, can develop the reputation of media and positively intervene in issues that threaten its reputation. The emergence of social media has facilitated relationships with the audience in media organizations and made it possible for them to participate in the reputation management process. The inattention of the IRIB News Agency as a media organization to social media, which can be effective in developing or threatening the organization's reputation, has created challenges in the organization's reputation management. The present study aims to evaluate the feasibility of using social media data (Twitter) in developing the reputation model of the IRIB News Agency.

To reach the set goals, this study was conducted with a qualitative approach and using the Delphi method in three stages. Selected by the purposive sampling method, the participants included 16 editors, journalists, managers, and social media analysts.

The developed model included 21 elements in the form of three dimensions of organizational prerequisites, reputation management, and stakeholders’ engagement. The first dimension included elements such as changing the policies of the news departments to use Twitter data for reputation management, establishing a monitoring center and analysis of Twitter data, developing strategic plans for reputation management, training editors to build effective relationships with users on Twitter, creating a sustainable competitive advantage based on attracting young and creative employees in the news sector and etc. The second dimension included the three elements of data collection, data analysis, and action. The third dimension included elements such as the official presence of editors and reporters on Twitter, identifying and categorizing stakeholders, and responding appropriately to the tweets of different stakeholders.

IRIB News Agency can use its users' data on social media, especially Twitter, to develop its reputation and protect itself against threats. The presented model shows that the IRIB News Agency needs to create organizational prerequisites in this regard. This model can fill the gap in how to use social media data to develop an organization's reputation. This model in the dimension of reputation management shows that this News Agency cannot use these opportunities to develop its reputation without considering its audience on Twitter and examining their attitudes and needs by using user-generated data collection and then data analysis. Finally, engaging the audience through Twitter and communicating with them based on identifying needs through data analysis, leads to increased reputation. Responding to users and selecting hot topics through user comments on Twitter can lead to increased popularity. Managing stakeholder relationships, like a face-to-face relationship, helps engage stakeholders. Each of the three dimensions of organizational prerequisites, reputation management, and stakeholder engagement affects the other two and can enhance their elements. Ultimately, stakeholder engagement leads to fame of media, and having stable relationships with the audience promotes the reputation of the organization and protects against risks and threats.

"Sport fishing" or "Recreational fishing" is a highly profitable hobby and sport, and Iran has high capabilities to do it. researchers believes that all the stakeholders can be gathered together by launching a platform, and by creating "Value network" of sport fishing. this can provide the necessary information for manager of this field, leads to improving the knowledge and skills of fishers, preserving natural resources and protecting aquatic resources and develop entrepreneurship. Therefore, this study tried to design the business model of "Iranian sports fishing platform". This research is based on Osterwalder’s "Business model canvas", and the "Delphi" method. researchers got the initial idea of the potential elements of nine parts of the Osterwalder’s canvas by surveying four of the world's foremost sport fishing platforms. Then, data were gathered by Snowball sampling method in two rounds by using a questionnaire. Out of 105 elements, 18 of which did not reach the required score in the second round of Delphi and were ignored, and 15 elements were eliminated in the third round. 72 elements were remained, according to which, researchers presented the canvas of this business model. The high level of experts' agreement with monetizing of the platform through "Advertising" and their low willingness to have "Legal and regulatory bodies" in the platform and taking the advantage of its benefits can be regarded as the most interesting findings. Considering the important role of "customer trust" in the platform, it can bring about the success and failure of a platform. This finding can be generalized to most platform businesses in Iran, especially marketplaces.

The dominance of pragmatic paradigm in science and technology policy has changed the approach to the management of scientific institutes. In pragmatic paradigm, scientific institutes should be able to respond stakeholders’ needs and requirements. This study aims to mapping brand associations network of IranDoc from the stakeholders' viewpoint. In order to mapping IranDoc brand associations network, brand concept map method was used. Brand concept map as a qualitative method has three stages of elicitation, mapping and aggregation. The statistical population of the research is the stakeholders of IranDoc Research Institute. The sampling method in elicitation and mapping stages are purposeful and sample size in both stages includes seventy people. IranDoc brand associations network has eighteen core associations. The core positive associations include prevention of plagiarism, search for scientific document, scientific sources, thesis, access to information, Ganj, electronic resources, scientific communication, research ethics, scientific accuracy, systems, science promotion, universities, information management, science policy, and the core negative associations include bureaucracy, multiple systems, and poorly designed sites. IranDoc brand associations network has two layers of associations. The analysis of IranDoc brand associations network shows low mental involvement of stakeholders with IranDoc brand and dispersion of stakeholder mentality about IranDoc brand. Thesis and plagiarism prevention have the strongest connection with IranDoc brand.

as one of the most effective and profitable industries of art - media in recent years, the music industry has played a special role in the media market. therefore, we cannot be indifferent to its activities and challenges at the policy level.this study seeks to identify policy issues in the islamic republic of iran and explain the network of policy actors and analyse the relations between them . in this study , a deep and semi - structured interview has been conducted with 13 experts in the music industry including industry campaigners , managers , journalists and university professors. the data has been analyzed by actor - network theory . according to the research findings , the industry policy network is facing economic , cultural , supervisory , religious , educational , cultural , legal and administrative issues that remain because of the lack of coordinated policy of policy .in the music industry policy network , there are private and governmental actors that lack of core actor has caused this network to be unable to develop policies and implement them . also according to perceived complexities , this network has insufficient strength for policy making and challenges of music industry . therefore , some suggestions have been proposed to design a robust network in music industry policy making .

Attributing indigenous mental structures to concepts borrowed from foreign languages causes a perceptual gap. "Performing social responsibility" is one of the most important concepts of Persian borrowed from foreign languages. The aim of this study is to map Islamic-Iranian structures to fulfill social responsibility using Zaltman metaphor elicitation technique (ZMET).

The present study is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of type. . The statistical population of the study is people in Tehran, the available sampling method and the sample size includes 15 people.

Data analysis showed that the concept of social responsibility has 26 structures. Environmental protection structures, observance of work ethic, respect for consumer rights, respect for citizens' rights, social services and Supporting workers; These are the most frequent structures of Islamic-Iranian fulfillment of social responsibility. The concept map of social responsibility also includes 36 pairs of structures. The pair of structures for fulfilling social responsibility - environmental protection and fulfilling social responsibility - observing work ethic; are the most frequent pairs of Islamic-Iranian structures performing social responsibility.

According to the research results, environmental protection is the most important Islamic-Iranian structure related to social responsibility.

Has been for a long time, effectiveness considered by organizations as a measure of achieving the goals of stakeholders. Now, audience are the key stakeholders of media and the measure of effectiveness is their goals. Therefore, in the world's top media, efficient models have been designed to evaluate effectiveness of programs from the audience's point of view. These models use social network data mining. Because social media data is accurate sources and without orientation of audience needs. The purpose of this study is to investigate the ability to use the Twitter user data in content effectiveness evaluating of the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting. in previous research, interview tools or questionnaires have been used to collect data, which have problems such as gatekeeping and orientation. In this study, we investigated the ability to use Twitter data to effectiveness evaluate. This research has been done in two Steps. First step, based on in-depth expert interviews with 15 persons and thematic analysis method, we extracted a model for the content effectiveness evaluation. That include 5 main Component; Input, process, output, monitoring unit, research unit and 26 sub-components. In the second step, we mined Twitter user data about six series aired in 20 march to 20 December 2020, based on an unsupervised Clustering and analyzed by Rapid minder software and content analysis method. The results showed that both content analysis and Structural analysis methods can be used for content effectiveness evaluation. Also, Twitter data mining can be used in the precontent planning, the pre-production, distribution and feedback stages of the effectiveness evaluation model.

The main function of the Quranic product in the field of children is the transfer of education and Qur'anic teachings with a mental and creative style. A product that can properly open up new Quranic religious and epistemic arenas to children, and impregnate their small and mysterious world with supernatural spirituality. It is natural that this product, like other products, is distributed by the manpower and distributed in the market, and the process of observing it is also exposed. This research is aimed at discovering and identifying these injuries with a qualitative approach. Therefore, based on a targeted qualitative sampling method, 20 of the main actors in this field have participated in this study and the method of analysis has been used for data analysis. The findings of the study consist of 8 main damage in three dimensions of process, structure and environment: weakness in the formulation of upstream documents and formal rules, policy making and strategic planning, systemization, mechanism of financial and budget support, creation of knowledge, creativity and innovation, marketing And weakness in product attitudes.

Net neutrality has attracted the attention of media policymakers in recent years. They need to understand the positive and negative effects of this concept on the public interest in order to be able to determine how and when they should have a policy intervention in this issue. Therefore, the present study aims to analyze net neutrality in relation to public interest. The qualitative research approach and content analysis Has been adopted. Participants in the study consisted of 10 media policymakers, lawyers and media industry experts and in-depth and semi-structured interviews were conducted. Due to the prevalence of coronavirus and the need to keep social distance, researchers have used online chat software to conduct interviews. The results of data analysis are based on the conceptual framework adopted (Fairness, Pluralism of views and agenda setting), in the form of three main themes (network neutrality and Fairness in media industry, network neutrality and Pluralism of views in media industry and agenda setting by media). Finally, the relationship between these main themes and the theme of "network neutrality and public interest" was explained.

Television advertising has the power to create images from different concepts to influence public opinion. Purpose of this study is to investigate the Representation of television advertising from Iranian life style. In this study, qualitative approach and discourse analysis method have been used. In this regard, food advertising has been collected and reviewed during a year. At this time, Most Television Advertising Commercials have used methods like Bolding, Implanting & Edge driving (According to their Policies) to reach their Goals. Study identified how the Iranian life style is represented in these ads. Findings show that the Iranian lifestyle, centered on "religion as a way of life," has been overlooked in these ads. On the other hand, “Consumerism Lifestyle” theme is bolded. It’s hard to explain how much advertising effectiveness on People Consume & Purchase has been observed in that Situational texture. But no Change has been made in Content and form of the advertising. "Consumerism, to show importance of unnecessary products, goodness of foreign products, Importance of aristocracy and luxury foods" are the dominant propositions in the lifestyle depicted in these ads. The television ads that reviewed emphasized on these propositions the most. In the end, for each of these propositions, relevant concepts are categorized and presented.

The experts believe that in addition to many advantages in the development as well as extensive and rapid sharing of information, foreign messengers have brought consequences and problems for the other countries due to the infrastructure problems, privacy issues, and the non-native nature. Therefore, it highlights the need to use native messengers if available. On the other hand, local messengers, including Soroush messenger, as their competitors in order to compensate for these problems and difficulties, are not as popular within the country. The question is “what factors are involved in the Iranian users’ adherence to to Telegram messenger even after restrictions on the access to this foreign messengers” and “why did not the Iranian users complete a shift toward the domestic messengers. Understanding the key factors affecting the attraction of Iranian users to the samples of domestic messengers is one of the most important issues for the owners of these local messengers. Therefore, this study aimed to discover and identify the factors affecting the immigration behaviors of the users of Soroush messengers. Utilizing these factors can help the managers of  Soroush messenger to plan effectively in orde to be able to attract and retain the users in these messengers.

The present study is applied in terms of purpose and used a qualitative method of content analysis through semi-structured interviews. The participants in this study were selected based on purposeful sampling. The researchers collected the research data through interviewing 17 experts and managers of the local media including Soroush messengers, as well as media professors. Content analysis was used to analyze the interviews. Initially, 562 comments and meaningful sentences were reviewed which led to the extraction of 392 primary codes after removing the duplicated sentences. In the second stage, a total of 80 axial codes were obtained after removing the duplicated codes. Ultimately in the third stage of coding, 14 categories were extracted from the available data. It is noteworthy that data collection started in March 2016 and lasted until June 2017.

According to the research model, any changes and shifts are affected by three groups of pressure factors including distrust, dissatisfaction, privacy risk, data security risk, user fatigue, and the messengers’ dependence on the institutions and organizations; the attractive factors include peer influence, perceived quality, anonymity, changes in the laws and policies, and some intervening factors including switching costs, habit, mental norms, and resistance to change. Therefore, the research findings were classified into three groups with different behavioral and social characteristics affecting the users’ shift from the local messengers.

Conclusion

Although there are several local messengers competing with foreign messengers, they have not been popular in public. The respective reasons were examined in this study where people’s distrust and bad feelings towards the local messengers are among the most important factors. Security of the data is one of the most important factors in Iran and also in the world, violation of which can lead to dissatisfaction and distrust of the service. Ambiguity in legal issues can also be considered as one of the factors that cause users to distrust local messengers while maintaining the law and the security of their information. Therefore, changes in the laws and regulations in this area and the need to establish monitoring and enforcement mechanisms to protect user privacy can help support and attract the users toward local messengers. Moreover, technical issues, poor system quality, low Internet speed, as well as severe filtering are among the effective factors which lead to dissatisfaction and fatigue among the users.

The present study is a report on the trend of publications and citations in the field of "media and security" from 2000 to 2019, as well as the scientific map of this field. This research was performed using social network analysis and cluster analysis techniques. The data collection source is Web of Science, and the data collection is done as a thematic search in the titles of the articles. Two indicators were used to determine the citation patterns and the number of citations. The results show that 536 articles in the field of security and media have been published by 984 authors from 2000 to 2019, of which 28 authors are actively involved with at least two articles in this field of research. The total number of citations to these 536 articles is 2,633, indicating an upward trend in the last decade. The authoritative map in the field of media and security consists of 28 nodes (authors). Also, the authors of the scientific products retrieved in this study have used 1392 different key concepts, of which 173 words have been repeated at least twice. The most common concepts were placed in 21 clusters. The concepts of "social media", "national security", "security", "media", "supervision", "terrorism", "privacy", "information security", "framing" and "new media" are among the most important concepts and have the highest centrality in the network.

In this study, a theme analysis conducted to identify effective factor for engaging user to academic social network. Use and gratification theory was used as theoretical foundation for the study. To do this, in-depth interviews was conducted with 20 Research Gate user. Findings showed that seven factors include of communication, promotion of professional knowledge and identity, information seeking, awareness, social engagement, collaboration establishment as well as value creation, are affecting user engagement in Research Gate. Finding also indicated that users primarily seek information to enhance their professional identity; then they engage and use the Research Gate network in order to enrich their knowledge and professional identity, increase their academic collaborations, social engagements and communications with other researchers in their scientific community.