غلامرضا میری

Solving the problems of rural communities, expanding and improving the economic and social conditions in rural areas and cities is closely related to the type of relationship between the city and the village. If the prevailing relationship between the city and the village is a correct and logical relationship, then the city has become a center for providing services and facilities for the villages, and on the other hand, the villages have met the needs of the cities in a balanced and reciprocal economic relationship. , cities and villages continue to live in mutual economic and social cooperation.

The current research aims to analyze mutual relations between Jiroft city and surrounding villages under its influence.

The research is applied in terms of targeting and descriptive-analytical in terms of its nature and method. Library and field method (researcher-made questionnaire) was used to collect information. The sampling method was simple random and the size of the statistical population was selected using the Cochran model with an error level of 5%, 384 people based on the population of 2021.

The findings of this research showed that the level of significance of Jiroft city with the villages in its sphere of influence is less than 0.05, except for the social dimension in the economic, administrative-political and physical dimensions, hence the assumption of equality of the average desirability of the dimensions.

Vandalism or deliberate destruction of public property and belongings is one of the social dangers that always causes great damage to the facades, furniture and urban spaces and distorts the beauty of the city. In this regard; The present study investigates the danger of vandalism and its effects on urban beauty in the city of Chenaran. The purpose of the present research in terms of purpose; In terms of application and implementation; It is of a small type. The data of the field section of the research were collected using the distribution of a researcher-made questionnaire among the citizens of Chenaran. The mentioned questionnaire was prepared using Likert scale and was distributed among a sample of 382 people (according to Cochran's formula) from the citizens of Chenaran city. The volume members of the sample were selected by stratified random sampling method. Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis model were used to analyze the data in SPSS software. Findings have shown that the variables of socio-economic status, feelings of abuse and discrimination, companionship and communication, degree of socialization, individual factors, cultural factors, marginalization, poverty, addiction, broken window, anonymity and unfair distribution Urban services affect the variable of urban vandalism. Also, multivariate regression results showed that in the present study, 66.5% of the changes in vandalism rate are due to the relationship between a linear combination of independent variables and the remaining 33.5% or indeterminacy coefficient is due to other factors in This research has not been considered. Finally, according to the model fit table in logistic regression; Socioeconomic status variables, individual factors, poverty and broken window were excluded from the research model due to EXP (B) less than 1.

The current research has been done with the aim of narrative writing the components of the creative city in order to achieve sustainable security in Chabahar city.

In terms of purpose, the current research is applied and interpretive and analytical in nature, and in terms of method, it is in the group of integrated research (qualitative and quantitative). In order to collect the sample population, a targeted sampling method was used, and finally(15)people were selected as the sample population. In order to analyze the data, the narrative writing method(using MAXQDA software)and the Delphi method and finally the(ANP)model have been used.

Based on the results obtained; Organizing themes including:(development of environmental patterns,development of economic patterns,development of political patterns,development of technological patterns,development of quality of life patterns, development of socio-cultural patterns and innovation) and 54 basic themes were identified from the narratives of experts, In the following, using the Delphi method in two survey stages;The proposed components were approved by experts. Finally, the results of the ranking also indicate that the component of development of economic patterns with a final weight of0.031has the highest level of importance.

sustainable security and creative city have something in common.The goal of urban creativity and sustainable security is the satisfaction of the citizens of Chabahar city and the consequent security for the province. In this regard, the city of Chabahar should be considered as a place of formation of creativity, knowledge, creative and innovative industries and knowledge economy in a stable security path.

The fundamental pillars and structures crucial to any community are the vital arteries or infrastructures, encompassing all essential facilities and utilities. If these are disrupted or damaged, it will have a significant impact on the health, safety, security, and economy of the society. The objective of this study was to evaluate the flood risk and analyze the critical arteries of Bojnurd city.

A research of applied nature was carried out in 2022 within Bojnurd city. The Random Forest algorithm was employed to propose strategies for reducing the susceptibility of city arteries to floods. Through the research, 100 locations prone to flooding and 100 maps free from flooding were identified. Fourteen factors influencing flooding were considered, such as elevation, slope, direction, precipitation, geology, river density, population density, residential density, distance from floodplains, land use, vegetation cover index, topographic land slope index, and moisture index. The significance of each factor was determined by calculating the information gain ratio.

Funding: 

The variables of elevation, precipitation, and land utilization exerted a notable influence on the occurrence of flooding within the urban area of Bojnurd. Moreover, an analysis encompassing an area of 676 hectares pinpointed the regions characterized by the most elevated susceptibility to floods, while 852 hectares were recognized as exhibiting the least vulnerability. It was observed that a considerable portion of the residential zones face a heightened likelihood of being affected by flood events.

The interconnected nature of street networks, meticulous consideration of street surfacing materials, strategic positioning of buildings, smaller block dimensions, and the implementation of a grid layout featuring regular intersections play a crucial role in mitigating the effects of flooding.

Urban governance seeks to limit the role of the government to the extent of harmonizing and guarding the laws and to reduce its direct interference in decision-making, administration and implementation of affairs related to people's daily lives. The purpose of this research is to investigate the status of good governance indicators in the urban areas of Zahedan. The research method of the research is descriptive-analytical and library and field method (questionnaire tool) was used to collect the required information. The statistical population of the research consists of the citizens of Zahedan, including 592,968 people. The sample size was calculated by Cochran's formula of 360 people and the questionnaire was completed according to the population of each region by a simple random method at the level of the regions. In order to compare pairs of each of the indicators of good urban governance, after obtaining the opinions of 17 experts who have full knowledge of the city under study, using model A. H. Fuzzy foundation has been applied to the weighting of each index. To analyze the collected data, SPSS software, one-sample t-test and TOPSIS fuzzy model were used. The findings showed that the indicators of good urban governance in the areas of Zahedan city are in an unfavorable situation. Also, the results obtained from prioritizing the five regions of Zahedan city with the Fuzzy Topsis model in terms of good urban governance indicators show that region 1 with a weight of 0.818 ranks first. Region 4 is in the fifth and last place with a weight of 0.000. Region 2 with a weight of 0.722, Region 5 with a weight of 0.636 and Region 3 with a weight of 0.289 are in the second to fourth ranks respectively in terms of good urban governance indicators.

The population growth of cities, coupled with inadequate distribution of services and improper location selection, is one of the negative outcomes of population increase. The primary goal of urban land-use planning is to provide social and economic welfare for citizens. Therefore, this study aims to assess the land-use pattern and improve the implementation of land-use patterns in the comprehensive plan of Mirjaveh city, and to analyze the changes in the composition and amount of residential, transportation, educational, healthcare, and cultural land use in Mirjaveh city over the period of 2009-2023 in terms of per capita allocation. Excel and AutoCAD 2019 were used for data analysis in this study. In the comprehensive plan of Mirjaveh city, the per capita land allocation order for residential land use was 51.50 square meters, 29.25 square meters for transportation land use, 54.2 square meters for educational land use, 2.2 square meters for healthcare land use, and 23.1 square meters for cultural land use in 1388. The results show an increase in per capita land allocation for residential land use with 57.91 square meters, transportation land use with 71.50 square meters, and educational land use with 76.2 square meters, while the per capita allocation for healthcare land use decreased by 2.2 square meters and cultural land use decreased by 18.0 square meters. These results demonstrate the failure to achieve the proposed land-use allocation in 2009. Using the information presented in this study, future plans can be developed by calculating urban land development with regard to each of the indices and sub-indices. This can help identify the strengths and weaknesses of plans in achieving their goals.

Environmental problems and the need to develop more sustainable cities are the focus of many smart city projects. So that, smart cities in many developed countries have focused on issues related to energy and sustainability. The purpose of this research is to measure the level of smartness of cities in the direction of sustainability in Chabahar city. The current research is applied in terms of the type and purpose of the research, and descriptive-analytical in terms of the data collection method. Library and field methods and questionnaires were used to collect the data. The statistical population of the research was 106,739 citizens of Chabahar city. The sample size is 335 people through Cochran's formula. The results showed that the smart city indicators in Chabahar city are in an unfavorable situation. Also, the smart economy criterion with a weight value of 0.279 is in the first place and has been chosen as the most important effective criterion of smartening cities in line with urban sustainability. The criterion of the smart government is ranked second with a weight of 0.217. The criterion of smart mobility is ranked third with a weight value of 0.195. The standard of intelligent life is ranked fourth with a weight of 0.162. The criterion of smart environment with a weight value of 0.101 is in the fifth place and finally the criterion of a smart citizen is in the sixth place with a weight value of 0.060.

Today, managerial decentralization in urban development processes through the formulation of laws and processes in developed or developing countries is seriously discussed.Attention to participation in urban management has a major role in solving many problems and urban issues, and accordingly,one of the high priorities of urban management is to create opportunities for public participation.

Objective of the research:

The aim of the present study is to study the Grounded Theory,Organizing urban management through citizen participation(Case study:Zahedan city).

The present study in terms of purpose, Applied research and has a descriptive-analytical nature, also in terms of method, is in the group of qualitative research.Data collection method was interview and grounded theory method was used to analyze the data. Sample size for interviewing experts in the framework of theoretical saturation and using Targeted Sampling,20experts (specialists, university professors and Zahedan city managers), was selected.

Geographical area of research:

Includes the city of Zahedan in the province of Sistan and Baluchestan.

From the results of the interviews, 16 categories and 50semantic units were extracted, which were divided into three categories of conditions(Causal, contextual and intervening).The results showed that these three conditions along with each other have caused citizens not to participate in urban management.

The general results show that in order to deal with the lack of citizen participation in urban management, strategies should be used(use of mass media,creating new opportunities in the field of communication with urban management, economy with a plan or strategic economy,etc.)should be used.

Along with the development of cities and increasing population, many challenges have been created, the most important of which is urban transportation. The inability of traditional urban management to address this challenge has led to some approaches, including intelligent transportation. Adopting and implementing such an approach in metropolitan areas requires a change in management approach, of which integrated urban management is known as the most important. The purpose of this study is to investigate the status of integrated urban management and then its impact on the realization of intelligent transportation in the city of Zahedan. The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on data collection in the field through a questionnaire. The validity of the instrument and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha greater than 0.70. The statistical population of the study is urban experts in Zahedan. The sample size was set at 100 people. The result of the one-sample t-test shows that the variables of integrated urban management are significant at the level of less than 0.05. From the statistical point of view, the 7 variables of good governance, synergy, unity of urban command, context, interaction, organizational structure, and systemic perspective are not in a good situation and these conditions have caused the integrated urban management index in Zahedan to not have favorable conditions. Also, the significance of the test shows that the 5 variables of intelligent transportation, namely intelligent monitoring, intelligent payment, intelligent violation registration, intelligent information, and mechanized fleet management are significant at the level of less than 0.05. Significantly, it indicates the unfavorable situation of the intelligent transportation index in Zahedan. Regression showed that integrated urban management variables can be more than 68% effective in the realization of intelligent transportation and 32% are dependent on other factors. The variable of good governance with 12% and then the systemic perspective with 11%, has the greatest impact in this regard.

Regeneration, a contemporary approach within the realm of urban restoration, encompasses a broad range of aspects, encompassing both physical and social structures. The aim of the present investigation was to examine the state of urban regeneration indicators in Zahedan city.

The study was conducted during 2023-2024, employing a questionnaire as the research instrument. This questionnaire consisted of 4 indices, specifically focusing on socio-cultural conditions (9 items), economic prosperity (8 items), environmental condition (9 items), and physical condition (8 items). A 34-item questionnaire was devised employing the Likert scale. The validity of the research instrument was assessed by disseminating a questionnaire to 24 urban planning experts. Reliability of the indices was evaluated using Kröbnach's alpha. Subsequently, the collected data was subjected to analysis using SPSS 25 software, employing one-sample T-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).

The index of social and cultural conditions displayed a favorable status, exhibiting an average of 3.287. Similarly, the environmental condition indicated a favorable state with an average of 3.389, and the physical quality demonstrated a favorable condition with an average of 3.321. Conversely, the economic prosperity index portrayed an unfavorable situation, with an average of 2.715. The city areas of Zahedan exhibited a significant disparity in terms of sustainable urban regeneration. Notably, the index of socio-cultural conditions displayed the highest discrepancy, while the index of economic prosperity showcased the lowest variation.

The results highlight the favorable status of the environmental, socio-cultural, and physical indicators, juxtaposed with the unfavorable state of the economic prosperity index.

The objective of this investigation was to examine the impacts of advancement and revitalization of Gorgan, as well as the influence of participation on the city’s reconstruction.

This survey was conducted in Gorgan city during the years 2023-2024. To develop the criteria and subcriteria for the questionnaire, a thorough examination of Gorgan city’s comprehensive plans was performed. The questionnaire consisted of 26 questions and utilized a 4-point Likert scale. The questionnaire’s reliability was assessed through the calculation of Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, resulting in a value of 70%. In order to determine the questionnaire’s validity, it was distributed to 21 university professors. The statistical population comprised 1040 deteriorated residential units in the city center. Consequently, a sample size of 280 households was determined for this research, employing the simple random sampling method with Cochran’s formula. The data analysis was carried out utilizing the AHP and SWOT methods.

The engagement in the restoration of the deteriorated core structure of Gorgan city has resulted in the adaptation of space, reinforcement of identity and sense of belonging to the central neighborhoods, as well as a hindrance to the expansion of Gorgan city horizontally. The influence of participation in the reconstruction of Gorgan city’s worn-out core structure and the organization of other urban structures of Gorgan city were prioritized using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) model and the performance dimension.

Public participation has a positive impact on the reconstruction of Gorgan city’s worn-out core structure and the organization of other urban structures.

Therefore, in order to prevent issues such as environmental crisis, erosion, soil degradation, uneven urban growth, etc., it seems necessary to formulate Land use planning in order to achieve the goals of comprehensive national and urban development strategies. Goal of the research: the purpose of this study is how to achieve sustainable urban development with emphasis on Land use planning in the cities of Sistan region.

The research method is descriptive and analytical and based on library, documentary and field studies. The statistical population of the study is 403 experts in the field of land management in Sistan region. Using the Cochran's formula, 200 people were selected as the sample size. Also, SPSS software and Fuzzy Mamdani model were used to analyze the data. Geographical area of research: According to the latest divisions of the country, Sistan region has 5 cities (Zabol, Zahak, Helmand, Nimroz and Hamoon), with the center of cities (Zabol, Zahak, Dost Mohammad, Mohammadabad and Adimi).

The results of Spearman correlation test indicate the fit between the items of sustainable development and the principles of Land use planning. Also, the results of one-sample t-test in order to determine the importance of each of the economic, social, environmental, managerial and executive, institutional dimensions, with the mean value obtained above the average of the number (3) in all items, show the great importance of each It is one of the items of sustainable development with emphasis on Land use planning in the cities of Sistan region. The results of ranking the dimensions of sustainable development with emphasis on Land use planning in the cities of Sistan using the Mamdani fuzzy model showed, In economic, managerial and executive dimensions, for all cities (Zabol, Zahak, Mohammadabad, Adimi, Dost Mohammad), the intermediate to unfavorable, In the social and institutional dimension, all cities of Sistan region except Zabol city with the amount of weights obtained (0.60), (0.61), have an intermediate level of undesirable. In the environmental and ecological dimension, for all cities of Sistan region except Dost Mohammad city with a weight of(0.53),shows an intermediate to favorable level.

The final results showed that the indicators and dimensions of sustainable development of Sistan cities have not been affected by principles of Land use planning. Therefore, it requires the relevant organizations in the field of management and planning to include the principles of Land use planning in regional development plans.

Today, tourism as one of the sources of income and creating employment at the local level can be an approach for economic development and play a potential role in the local and indigenous economy. The development of tourism activities leads to the creation of foreign exchange income, an increase in income, and employment in the host country. Various strategies have been proposed to increase sustainable urban incomes and one of these strategies is good city governance in order to achieve sustainable city income. Good city governance has a great role in providing the possibility of increasing tourism. The aim of this research is to An analysis of good urban and regional governance on sustainable tourism income in Birjand City. The statistical population of the research was experts and experts in this field in 2022. The research is of descriptive and analytical type and the required information was collected in library and field method (through questionnaire) and analyzed by applying a structural equation model and using SPSS and Amos software. The dimensions of governance have been examined in the form of six components public participation, coordination between institutions, strategic and strategic view, responsibility and accountability, transparency, effectiveness, and efficiency. The results of the research showed that all the governance components of sustainable tourism revenues are effective, the most impact is related to the dimension of effectiveness and efficiency.

Over the past few decades, problems such as the unplanned development of urban areas and land use changes have been clearly seen in the area of suburban villages, which in turn will have physical, economic, social and environmental effects on rural areas. In this regard, the aim of the current research is to analyse the criteria of the influencing factors on land use change in the villages on the around of Khash city. The current research is descriptive-analytical in terms of research method and quantitative-qualitative in terms of nature and applied-developmental in terms of purpose.The data collection tool is library and field (interview and questionnaire). According to the nature of this research,Delphi methods and structural analysis using MICMAC software were used. The statistical population of the research includes all the professors, managers and experts of Khash city, and the statistical sample size was determined by using the Delphi method of 20 people. First, by using the Delphi method, a set of criteria affecting land use change in the villages on the around of Khash city were identified, including 5 criteria (economic, physical, environmental, political-management and social) and 49 indicators. Among the examined criteria, the economic criterion was chosen as the first and most important factor affecting land use changes in the villages on the around of Khash city.Finally, 10 indicators (economic policies and urban economic reconstruction, development of border bazaar infrastructure, development of local markets, investment attraction, development of the tourism industry, maintaining the activities of small industries and improving them, changing urban performance (prominence of the service sector), expansion of production sectors and industrial, job creation and entrepreneurship, followed by the reduction of unemployment and the expansion of transformation and service industries) were selected as indicators influencing land use change in the villages on the around of Khash city.

The issue of housing in Birjand city, like most cities where the growth of urbanization has been high in recent decades, especially after its designation as the capital of South Khorasan province, is of particular importance. The problem of housing in cities can be seen with the increase in the purchase price of each residential unit and their annual rent, and this demand is increasing day by day. Birjand city, as the capital of South Khorasan province and migration from other cities of the province and the country due to job opportunities, education, etc., has increased demand for housing and land. In this regard, the current research has investigated the effective use of urban land in Birjand city by using structural equation modeling (SEM) and Smart PLS software. The results of the research show that out of these 8 components (pedestrian, housing, natural and environmental, infrastructure, economic, population, architecture and urban design, social and cultural), the infrastructure and economic component has the most impact and the demographic component has the least impact. has had Also, the relationship between these components was also investigated, and the results show that the relationship between the economic and demographic components was stronger.

Today, with the increasing growth of urbanization and the formation of new dimensions of urban growth over the last few decades, has caused the city and contemporary urban planning, Face new challenges. Establishment of industries and establishment of workshop-industrial activities in the form of settlements in the urban peripheral areas, It is one of the phenomena that has had various consequences. Therefore, the aim of this study is to Analysis of physical-economic effects of industrial-workshop clusters in Urban Peripheral Areas (Case study: Chabahar city(. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature and method. The data required for the research were collected by documentary-field method (questionnaire and observation). In order to analyze the data, SPSS software (t-test) and gray Aras and fuzzy Aras models were used. The results of one-sample t-test showed, in all items studied, due to the high average (3) and significance level (0.000), industrial-workshop clusters have a significant impact on the dimensions (physical, economic) of urban peripheral areas. The results of Aras fuzzy model showed that in the physical dimension, the index of access to urban services with a weight of 0.453 and in the economic dimension, the job index with a weight of 0.426, have the highest weight. Finally, the results of spatial analysis of urban peripheral areas with emphasis on the role of industrial-workshop clusters with a focus on economic and physical development using the gray Aras model showed that Ramin village is a priority.

Introduction Economic factors and variables have a major influence on the shape and form of the city,determining the physical characteristics, size, extent,etc.of the city.Awareness of the building and operation of a city's economy,for planning at any level,whether urban,regional or national and analysis of land use is necessary.The aim of this study is to calibrate the effect of economic brand position on sustainable urban indicators in Chabahar.Methodology The research method is analytical and based on library, documentary and field studies.SPSS software and AHP Fuzzy model were used for spatial analysis and spatial representation of research findings. The statistical population of the present study includes the residents of Chabahar,which was determined as the sample size using the Cochran's formula(382 people).Also,20 experts in the field of urban planning using the Delphi method were asked to answer the questions of the research model.Geographical area of research It includes the city of Chabahar in the south of Sistan and Baluchestan province.Results and discussion The ranking results of sustainable development indicators according to the economic status of Chabahar city using fuzzy AHP model showed that X1(economic)criterion with non-normalized weight of 0.56 and normalized weight of 0.345 is in the first priority.The results of multiple regression test showed that the independent variable(economic brand position)with significant variables (economic, social, physical, health and medical), has a significant relationship at the level of P=0.05.Conclusion The results showed that the economic brand of Chabahar city has had a significant impact on the development of sustainable urban indicators.

Under the influence of social and economic factors, the cities of Kish and Dubai are witnessing the ever-increasing population growth and have become a suitable platform for the growth of urbanization and the increase of the urban population. Exploitation of natural and economic resources has caused the horizontal expansion of cities and is a threat to sustainable urban development. The approach of urban smartness seeks to provide smart urban services and provide strategies and policies in order to reduce the negative effects caused by the expansion of human activities in such cities. The present study examines and compares the status of smart urban services in Kish and Dubai with the approach of sustainable development. This research is applied in terms of purpose and survey in terms of the nature and method of research. The data required for the research has been collected by documentary-field method (questionnaire and observation). SPSS software and F-ARAS model were used for data analysis. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the two cities of Kish and Dubai regarding the status of the indicators; including: accessibility and internet participation with the value of Mann-Whitney (2/342), health and electronic health conditions with the value of Mann-Whitney (4/351), environmental protection with the value of Mann-Whitney (4/654), increasing the necessary facilities Regarding pollution with a Mann-Whitney value of 4.431, good governance with a Mann-Whitney value (3.675) and significance level (0.000). In other words, the status of these indicators in Dubai was more favorable than in Kish. The results of Spearman's correlation test showed that there is a significant and positive relationship between the state of smart city services and sustainable economic, social, physical-environmental development of the cities of Kish and Dubai. Finally, the results of prioritizing smart urban services in the cities of Kish and Dubai using the F-ARAS model showed that in Kish, the index of competent governance with a weight of (0.564) and the same index with a weight of (0.465) in Dubai, are in priority.

Rapid unprecedented development of urbanization has changed the balance of socio-environmental issues and making informal settlements and inefficient urban structures and as a result. The approach of urban regeneration approach tries to improve the inefficiency through positive and sustainable changes. Considering the issues, this study tried to identify the main drivers affecting the urban regeneration in Zahedan city, using futures study method. The statistical population of this mixed-method documentary and survey included managers, employees and members of active institutions that play a role in the regeneration, management, and development of cultural affairs of the city. Library and field studies were used to collect the data. Moreover, structural analysis, Delphi technique, and MIC MAC were used for data analysis. Based on the results of the structural analysis model, 10 indicators were selected as the main indicators that affect urban regeneration of Zahedan city: Seven indicators belong to the managerial-institutional and legal variable group, two indicators belong to the socio-cultural variable group and one indicator belong to the environmental and physical variables. Therefore, the key variable in urban regeneration of Zahedan is the administrative-institutional and legal variable. Among suggestions are: improving expertise in the municipality, integrating different policies of different departments, emphasizing the existence of a coordinating center for urban policies and planning, formulating service evaluation standards for urban management, obliging all official and unofficial institutions to cooperate with urban regeneration.

One of the important reflections of contemporary urbanization is the emergence and expansion of vulnerable neighborhoods or informal settlements in suburban areas. This study aimed to evaluate the effective factors in the regeneration of city settlements in Zahedan city.
This applied-exploratory research was carried out in 2022-2023 in Zahedan city. The data was collected using the environmental scanning technique and literature review. The statistical population was the employees and managers of related institutions, who were selected by purposive sampling (n=50). The analysis of expert opinions was used through a sample t-test. AHP and BSC models were used to analyze the effective factors in the urban regeneration of informal settlements.
 The indicators affecting the regeneration of informal settlements were socio-cultural and demographic, economic, environmental-physical, and managerial-institutional. The socio-cultural and demographic (62.03%), economic (50.74%), environmental-physical (54.23%), and managerial-institutional (48.20%) indicators were in inappropriate, medium, medium, and weak conditions, respectively.
 Among the affecting indicators in the regeneration of informal settlements in Zahedan, the managerial-institutional needs more attention, which will definitely have a significant impact on the status of other sociocultural and demographic, economic, and environmental-physical indicators.

The present study has attempted to explore the effective social factors (humanitarian factors) on sustainable development in four spectra including promoting, inhibitory, internal, and external factors among native inhabitants of the city of Chabahar. Nineteen indicators were studied in order to identify the main factors. Also a questionnaire containing 100 questions was distributed among 318 native inhabitants. The reliability value of the questionnaire was 0.75. Regarding data analysis, the KMO and Bartlett's test of sphericity were used for determining the adequacy and selection of proper data. Finally, thirteen factors and thirty nine items assessing the status of these factors among the native residents of Chabahar were extracted and named as follows: the internal promoting social factors (four general indicators and two indicators specific to the people with work experience) resulting to the sum of the total varience equal to %73.341, including “social trust” (low) , “social participation” (intermediate), “interpersonal trust” (intermediate), “collective spirit” (high), and “job commitment” (intermediate); the internal inhibitory factors (sum of total varience equal to (%65.602) including “restricting women’s independence” (low), “religious fanaticism” (low), and “racial distinction” (relatively low); the external promoting factors (sum of total varience equal to (%61.920) including “political freedom and social opportunities” (low), “justice-centeredness” (very low), and “ensure transparency” (low); the external inhibitory social factors (sum of total varience equal to (%59.784) including “inefficiency of rules” (high) and “ethnic discrimination” (high)

In recent years, a rapid development in science and technology has been observed, which can explicitly be recognized in the social, economic, skeletal, and security structures of cities, and especially in different areas of each city. These developments necessitate a reexamination of urban characteristics, and we are thus faced with the problem of renovation and upgrading of cities with a long history. The motivation behind this research was an assessment of the capacity for social life in different areas and neighborhoods of Kerman city, which is done using the analyticaldescriptive approach, and is based on field scaling, studying of library documents, questionnaires, and internet sources. The required information have been acquired with respect to indices that have a meaningful relation with social life. Thus, indices such as social dynamicity, participation, security, the feeling of belonging among the neighbors, social diversity, and economic conditions of the people have been analyzed using ELECTRE model, which is among MADM models, which resulted in prioritizing urban neighborhoods in the old parts of the city. This research aims at assessing the feasibility and thus evaluating the studied areas based on their potential for social life within the context of the city. The results of this research will be presented as a list of graded options, which in fact indicate the superiority of old neighborhoods to the others in the traditional part of the city. Several works of research in form of articles and reports have been done, which focus on different aspects of this subject

Increasing knowledge and skills against risks by crisis management organizations and improving the ability to develop mitigation strategies is an important feature of a resilient city that requires comprehensive preparation and training. The main purpose of this study is to Analysis of the position of crisis management organizations in increasing urban resilience (Case study: Zabol city). This research is based on descriptive-analytical research method and applied purpose and also the method of collecting data and information using library and field studies. In this study, according to the position of crisis management organizations as well as previous studies and researches, (5) dimensions (economic, socio-cultural, physical-structural, managerial, environmental) were defined as dimensions of urban resilience against risks and then corresponding to each dimension, indicators have been considered, Then they are analyzed using SPSS software, Expert Choice and Fuzzy VIKOR Multi-Criteria Decision Making Model. The results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between all resilience items and crisis management organizations in Zabol city at 99% confidence level. Findings from determining the weight of dimensions using software (Expert Choice) showed that the socio-cultural dimension with a weight of 0.345, has the highest rank. Finally, the results of the Fuzzy VIKOR model showed that the municipality has the greatest impact on increasing the resilience of Zabol city among crisis management organizations.

Land use planning, through the regulation of human relations with the environment, creates appropriate development and sustainability, and by creating harmony between humans and the environment, the need to recognize ecological potentials and evaluate them. The ultimate goal of all planning in the form of land use planning is to achieve sustainable development, regional balance, proper distribution of activities and maximum use of environmental capabilities in the process of regional development. In this regard, the purpose of this study is set of effective factors in not following the sustainable development of rural areas of Zabol County from the principles of land use planning (qualitative research). In terms of purpose, the present study is a part of basic research and has a descriptive nature, and in terms of method, it is in the group of qualitative research. It is a tool for gathering information (library and field (interview)). The statistical population of the present study includes experts (district heads, villagers and village managers of Zabol County) that in the framework of the final theoretical saturation using purposive sampling, 15 people were selected as the sample size. To analyze the information, the method of Grounded theory (Foundation Data Theory) has been used. From the results of interviews with experts to identify the set of effective factors in not following the sustainable development of villages in Zabol County from the principles of land use planning using the grounded theory method, 37 concepts and 13 semantic units and 6 categories (Lack of integrated and systematic plan, incoherent land use planning models, programs and goals formulated in a qualitative manner, lack of integrated and coherent management, monolithic political structure, lack of public participation) were extracted.