جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « حس تعلق به مکان » در نشریات گروه « هنر و معماری »

 Environmental and physical factors have a significant effect in creating the mental image and sense of belonging to the place of the citizens. Urban spaces are formed according to the presence and activity of people, and the elements of the urban body are among the environmental factors that influence the formation of this process. In today's cities, the use of native architectural patterns in the urban body is of particular importance in order to create a sense of belonging to the place and a suitable mental image. For this reason, this research has been done with the aim of knowing the influencing components of the urban body on creating a mental image and, accordingly, creating a sense of belonging to the place, as well as evaluating the relationship between these components. This research is practical and descriptive-survey method is used. Data collection tools included library studies, field observation and questionnaires. Pearson's correlation test and factor analysis were used to analyze the data from the questionnaire. The findings of the factor analysis show that the physical, activity and perceptual dimensions respectively have the greatest effect on the formation of the citizens' mental image of the place, and also the activity, physical and perceptual dimensions respectively have the greatest effect on creating a sense of belonging to the place in the citizens. The results show that physical diversity and accessibility are key factors in creating the citizens' mental image of the city, and the presence of the elderly and women in public urban activities is a very important factor in creating a sense of belonging to the place. Also, there is a direct and positive relationship between the mental image of citizens and the sense of belonging to the place, which is confirmed by a high coefficient.

Improving the visual and ecological quality of the environment and the landscape and improving the sense of belonging to the place in the spatial organization can facilitate the desired environmental quality and define a unique pattern of identity for urban beaches; Therefore, in this article, the criteria and principles of landscape design of coastal cities have been investigated in order to promote the sense of belonging to the place. The research method was "descriptive-analytical" and "meta-analytical" method, which used the "survey" research method with the "questionnaire" tool to compile the design criteria of the desired landscape of the users in order to evoke a sense of belonging to the place in them. The results of the research show that the sense of belonging to the place is at a high level in the cognitive (identity) and emotional (attachment) dimensions. The behavioral dimension (dependency) is at a lower level than the cognitive and emotional dimension, and the beach has not succeeded in meeting their needs, the lack of equipping the coastline for the formation of recreational and water-related activities, the lack of Suitable platforms for family settlement, interference of horse and foot traffic, threats caused by wear and tear and destruction of Bushehr's historical fabric are effective in this matter.

The sense of belonging to a place is related to the amount of human presence in the environment. Regardless of the reason, this presence is not just a quantitative aspect to express numbers and figures, but also has a qualitative aspect that is due to the reasons for human presence in urban spaces and places. In the meantime, urban design can promote the sense of belonging to a place among citizens by providing suitable patterns. In this article, by comparing the factors affecting the sense of belonging to the place in four different neighborhoods of Sanandaj city, it is tried to determine the reason for the residential behavior of the citizens. In this research, using a researcher-made questionnaire with 331 numbers and using the Pearson correlation test, the questions will be tested. In this research, we have come to the conclusion that the factors affecting the sense of belonging to the place among citizens are different in different neighborhoods, for example, in the old or middle neighborhood, historical and cultural factors can play a colorful role in promoting the sense of belonging to a place. But in new urban areas, physical factors such as open and recreational spaces, facilities and natural elements can play an important role in the sense of place. As a result, people in old and new neighborhoods gain dimensions of sense of belonging and lose dimensions that ideally, in order to gather as many factors as possible on the sense of belonging to a place in a neighborhood, the first step is to identify and compare the factors. It was discussed in this article.

This research is based on an applied objective. Applied research uses theories presented in fundamental research to solve real-world problems. The current research was carried out with the aim of identifying the indicators of sensory perception on the sense of place attachment and also the effect of each of the indicators, prioritizing the indicators affecting the sense of belonging of the students and compared to the set goal. One of the most important questions that the current research seeks to answer can be stated as: How can formative elements affected by sensory perception patterns in the special needs schools be formulated as design standards as a comprehensive model? In response to the research question and considering the practical objectives, the study proposes models based on the necessary guidelines and standards for the construction and design of special needs schools intended for the construction and reconstruction of future schools that have undergone changes for this purpose.

This research utilizes a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods for theoretical studies, presenting qualitative criteria and indicators. The methodology involves gathering using a bibliographic research method and reviewing existing documents through direct observations, document analysis, and interviews with experts. The quantitative data was collected in a survey platform, which was used to answer the research question with the approach of preparing a questionnaire. The collected data was adjusted according to the Likert scale, and KMO and Bartlett statistics were used to check the validity of the questionnaire. The findings were analyzed by the structural equation modeling (SEM) method identifying the relationships between the variables and their impact in the studied schools by SPSS and Amos software. The sampling method in this research is a two-stage cluster type, and then a random sample is used to select schools.

The research findings indicate that when scrutinizing factors associated with sensory perception components, it becomes apparent that visual senses, with a factor load of 0.943, are of greater significance for students compared to other sensory components. Also, within the factors contributing to place attachment, the social interaction component, with a factor load of 0.994, plays a significant role in fostering a sense of place attachment and overall satisfaction. Regarding the reliability of the research questionnaire, a pre-test was conducted by distributing 50 questionnaires among the statistical population. The obtained Cronbach’s alpha index for the variables and their dimensions is reported. Data was analyzed by SPSS Ver.16 software and Cronbach’s alpha index for the whole is equal to 0.913, which shows an appropriate reliability of the research questionnaire. In examining the relationships between the variables, the results of the hypotheses showed that there was a statistically significant relationship between the research variables. Based on the results and information obtained from the findings and the environmental impression of the studied schools, the qualitative results of the most important things that can be emphasized as components of sensory perception and place attachment for the design of these schools have been stated. 

Most learning takes place through formal education in schools. To facilitate this process, students require a foundation of rich emotional experiences and a sense of connection with both their physical and social environments. Neglecting to involve all sensory aspects within a space can diminish the concentration of these students in establishing effective environmental communication. So, it is necessary to design the appropriate environment by considering the effective factors, such as the existence of the necessary stimuli and motivations, and adapting to the students’ cognitive and perceptive abilities. In the current research, the influence of sensory perception indicators on the sense of place attachment in schools that have been changed into special needs schools and used by special needs students with special conditions has been investigated. Based on the results acquired and the identification of essential sensory perception factors crucial for these students in understanding and connecting with the environment, as well as fostering a sense of place attachment, which plays a significant role in their attendance and desire to return to school; principles and suitable patterns for designing a special needs school have been outlined. As a result, design standards were presented in order to recreate the indicators of sensory perception and to strengthen the relationships and social interactions of students, which is considered as an important factor for their sense of belonging to the school, to guide the designers.

Sound comfort is one of the discussions that has double importance in the library. This research has been investigated and compared in the reading rooms of girls and boys of Tabriz library. In order to improve the sense of attachment to the place in libraries, the importance and necessity of achieving a proper sound distribution increases. Research objectives; Achieving acoustic comfort and a sense of belonging to the place for users in the library and the desirability of the environment. From the recent studies in the field of library, architectural dependent and independent acoustic variables (geometric, subjective, objective, proportions) have been separated. The research method is descriptive and through the correlation of the mentioned variables and it was done by distributing the questionnaire and analyzing the data in SPSS software. The results of the research mean users' opinions in the geometric dimension of girls 3.087 and boys 3.579, in the mental dimension girls 4.093 and boys 3.998, in the objective dimension girls 3.828 and boys 3.733 and in the aspect of proportions girls 3.938 and boys 804 It shows 3/ and it means that; The mental dimension has the highest effect and the level of attachment of girls is the highest among both sexes. Therefore, it is emphasized that in order to improve the sense of place in the design of study and educational spaces, more attention should be paid to the use of surfaces with fibers and shells, and in some parts, the use of holes. The innovation of the research acknowledges that the range of wide and higher frequencies produced by the larynx of girls makes it more necessary to use fibers and shells on the surfaces of spaces reserved for girls in order to increase the sense of attachment to the place by creating acoustic comfort.

Informational perspectives are the starting point of another environmental preference model developed by Rachel and Stephen Kaplan. This model is often referred to as "priority matrix". Stephen Kaplan describes two types of attitudes towards the environment that can respond to a person's information needs. On the one hand, a person can be actively involved in the environment, for example, exploring the environment. On the other hand, a person can try to understand the environment. When a person enters a new environment, he expresses emotions such as happiness, sadness, fear, anger, etc. But sometimes a person feels that there is no distance between himself and the environment and it is as if he has lived in that environment for a long time. First of all, it should be stated that the emergence of emotions is the result of two complex mental processes, called perception and In the first process of cognition, data is collected by the five senses, and when several senses are stimulated simultaneously, the data sent to the body's nerve center has a deeper impact on the cognition process. Received information is processed and recovered and finally feelings are expressed. Does he know about the environment? This article defines how the feeling of belonging to a place emerges and how the five senses work and the effect that the senses have on the emergence of a sense of belonging to the environment, and then by studying the characteristics of the role of the world and matching it with the principles presented, we reach this conclusion. That the cultural, economic, political data, personal experiences and memories that a person has learned during his life have an effect on the data received by the five senses and cause a sense of belonging to a place in a person.

Entrance to university is a new stage of life for many students, and the experience of living in a dormitory is a different experience of residence for them. Now, most student dormitories cannot meet the qualitative needs of students' residences. Conflicting activity areas exist in these dormitories; hence, students highly prefer to control and manage their interactions and communications with others. Accordingly, privacy is one of the components of a place that influences the sense of belonging to the place. The extant study aims to explain the relationship between privacy provisions in the dormitory and its effect on the sense of belonging to students. This study was conducted based on the descriptive-correlational method, and required data were collected through questionnaires and field studies. Dormitories of Yazd University were investigated as the case study. After reviewing the theoretical views and foundations of the survey quantitative and qualitative analyses were done using SPSS software and content analysis of interviews. According to study results, the most significant factors for the realization of privacy in student dorms can be classified to control over visual and auditory factors and access rate. The most important factor influencing a "sense of belonging" to the student residence place includes perceptual-cognitive factors (that are mainly influenced by the architecture and residence place), social factors (concerning roommates), and having suitable physic. The results indicate that student’s sense of belonging to the dormitory is considerably influenced by the desired privacy in the dormitory place for them. Finally, some recommendations have been proposed based on the mentioned factors to optimize the dormitory living conditions in future designs.

Traditional neighborhoods are part of a city that have lost their identity due to physical or functional weakness and cannot create a sense of belonging among their residents. The erosion of the residential fabric of these neighborhoods has affected the social and economic activities and has led to a sharp decrease in the quality of life and the quality of the environment. Since attachment to a place is a strong stimulus for maintaining and promoting communities and their related social capital, in order to create a sense of belonging to the residential context in these neighborhoods, it is necessary to pay attention to concepts such as human relationship with place, identity and sense of belonging. In this regard, the general purpose of this article is to investigate the relationship between the components of architectural identity (symbols, decorations, patterns of the past) and attachment to place in Aghazaman neighborhood of Sanandaj city. In order to achieve this goal, the present research, using the descriptive-analytical method to collect information in the form of documents and survey, with the collection tool in the form of a questionnaire, first examined the correlation between the components of identity and attachment to the place and Then, it identifies the effective indicators in predicting the dependent variable (attachment to the place) which, using the statistical method of structural equations, the results of the research have shown that the direct effect of the identity components on the attachment to the neighborhood is equal to 0.15, the amount of variance It has been explained that the variable of attachment to the neighborhood through identity-forming components is equal to 0.89 and the Pearson correlation coefficient of identity-forming components to attachment to the place is equal to 0.456. The results of the research show that in relation to the index of identity building components, the most important influential factors are the use of past patterns, decorations and symbols, as well as in relation to the index of attachment to the neighborhood, staying in the neighborhood, social communication and participation in The neighborhood has been found as an influencing factor in Aghazaman neighborhood. Therefore, the findings of the research show the role of identity-building components in creating attachment to a place, and this result shows the value of using identity-building components in creating attachment to a place.

Problem statement:

Adopting a modernist view of dwelling and limiting this view to physical needs have reduced urban spaces to one-dimensional, inhuman, soulless, lifeless structures. Moreover, they have reduced the use of residential complexes to shelters. The growing population in urban communities has led to the construction of residential complexes, especially in metropolitan areas, where modernist and minimalist approaches have been employed to provide quick and cheap shelter for the poor. For almost a decade, the construction of these residential complexes in Iran has been done under the name of Mehr Housing. The main obstacles to improving the vitality of such complexes, which have also been raised by the authorities, are financial issues and limited budgets.

Research objective:

This study first seeks to identify vitality and its components, and then to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the three housing complexes of Mehr housing in Pardis city (Hesa, Parseh, and Samen) in terms of vitality. For this purpose, the behaviors of their residents were observed and recorded. In addition, in-depth interviews were carried out with the residents of the complexes, and then strategies were proposed to enhance the vitality of the complexes in the current conditions at a fraction of the cost.

Research Method:

The methods of this research are qualitative and survey. The data for this study was collected through open-ended interviews. For this purpose, documentary research was carried out. In the first phase of the study, valid written sources, including books and articles, were reviewed and related experiences, the relevant concepts associated with the dimensions and variables of vitality, were extracted. In the second phase, survey studies, in addition to observing and recording behaviors, in-depth interviews were conducted with the citizens of the three residential complexes of Hesa, Parseh, and Samen as a case study, and the data gathered was categorized and analyzed using the content analysis method.

With reference to the financial difficulties of Mehr housing projects in the current situation, a logical solution requires paying attention to the mental, immaterial, and non-capital components of vitality. Based on the views of experts and analysis of interviews with residents, the most important immaterial component is a sense of belonging to a place. Part of the problem is that residents lack a sense of belonging to their place of residence. Since they have settled there for a long time, they do not know each other and find themselves in a new and unfamiliar place. However, it is possible to increase a sense of belonging among the residents of these complexes by adopting some measure

Todaychr('39')s, the need to belong is one of the substantial basic human needs, in which the location dimension of this comprehensive need reveals the relationship between humans and location. Interest in nature and its elements could significantly affect the userschr('39') relationship with built environments and their sense of belonging. In this regard, the natural urban elements have long been known as signs. Here, such urban signs, physically or mentally, via impressive quality and features, can play an outstanding role in providing a memorable image of urban places. The Madi that move from the southwest to the northeast of Isfahan has affected the texture and the surrounding area and the historical, physical, and social characteristics of the location where they passed. The interaction of two factors, namely humans and the environment, represents their active and passive effect. Humans give meaning to locations and act based on their environmentschr('39') cultural values ​​following them. paper seeks to answer two main questions as follows: 1- What factors can be categorized as the physical-environmental elements of the Madi that affect the sense of belonging? 2- What is the effect of the functional and perceptual factors, a concept derived from Madischr('39')s physical-environmental factors, on the sense of belonging? Meanwhile, the proposed hypotheses are as follows: Hypothesis 1: Readability, uniqueness, the sense of calm, comfort, coziness, and familiarity are some of the physical-environmental components affecting the sense of belonging of inhabitants. Hypothesis 2: There is a significant relationship between the functional and perceptual factors, a concept derived from the physical-environmental factors of the Madi, and the sense of belonging of inhabitants. The field study was implemented by collecting data from the neighborhoods adjacent to the Madi using a questionnaire and a survey method. The studychr('39')s statistical population was then considered to the inhabitants adjacent to Isfahan Madi using the regular random sampling with a sample size of 100 people. The data achieved from the questionnaire were then analyzed by SPSS software in two parts: descriptive and inferential statistics. After estimating the path analysis model, it is found that the factor burden of physical-environmental effect can affect first on functional factors (0.905) via components of self-sufficiency and enjoyment of the active location, and secondly on perceptual factors (0.746) via components of satisfaction, desire, honor, humanitarianism, and compatibility are effective. Furthermore, according to the obtained results, it can be concluded that there is a direct relationship between the beautiful nature resulting from the existence of the Madi and four components including readability, uniqueness, sense of calm and comfort, coziness and familiarity, and functional and perceptual factors, which affects the userschr('39') relationship with the environment as well as increases the sense of belonging to the neighboring inhabitants of the Madi.

The discipline of the structure of a complex has a direct relationship with the observance of hierarchy in it, because the architecture of mosques is no exception to this, and this principle has been observed in the structure of these buildings. The value of this sequence, in addition to creating spirituality in a non - verbal way, provides the ground for human excellence and leads him to his goal. The importance of this sequence in accordance with the functional and physical characteristics is effective in strengthening the mental image of a person and he can feel this issue in a tangible way in different stages of passing from inside to outside the mosque. During his motion to the correctness Mosque of hierarchy caused him to Effect on his activities and the mental image formed in him to establish an emotional connection between him and the place, which is interpreted as a sense of place. The sense of place is formed to a degree that, based on the discovery and decipherment of the hierarchy created, will create a sense of remembrance and belonging. Sense of place is the product of human exchange with the environment and vice versa, which has a great impact on behavior and performance and will provide the basis for his familiarity with the surrounding place. The more physical symptoms in the environment, the better the viewer can relate to the environment. Physical elements are so important that they can turn space into a place to show a new structure. The difference between space and place produces a character that the viewer can better understand by understanding the difference. Acquiring such cognition creates more permanence in the individual chr('39')s mind and creates a sense of place. Components such as body, activity, and mental image represent the place model. The body is a representative of human tradition and thought that can organize the space. With the correct understanding of the body, space can be better understood. Grutter states that the body should be chosen to represent the content and idea of the design, and to express spiritual bodies, a suitable visual body should be chosen that is understandable, and these interpretations point to the importance of the language of the space body. Codes received from the body are effective in orienting people in the environment. Without guidance in the environment, a person can be guided to the destination and reach the goal with his first presence based on perception of the body. It can be said that the person is constantly decoding in order to better understand the environment. Human interaction with the physical environment will tell him what behavior he has shown in the environment and how to take advantage of the non-verbal communication of the environment. According to canter chr('39')s model, in order to better understand the physical elements, we turn it into three physical components: horizontal, vertical and opening, and analyze them. The analysis makes it possible to see the hierarchy in such a way that it understands the codes and signs manifested in it and based on the signs obtained from the hierarchy, its activity is as stillness, movement or Do silence with movement in the mosque. The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes in the sense of place in mosques and the answer to the question how time has affected this sense in mosques? To study this question in more detail, the mosques of three historical periods of Qajar (Safar Ali and Seyed Hamzeh mosques), Pahlavi (Nabi Akram and Tabatabai Hakim mosques), Jomhuri Eslami (Vali - Asr mosque and Tabriz University mosque) were studied. In the research method section, the question is examined qualitatively and using library resources such as books, articles, technical documents of mosques and field work and by presenting a research model based on the physical form of mosques and evaluating it based on hierarchy and analysis of physical elements. Affecting the sense of place studied. The findings indicate that some of the physical elements in the mosques have changed over time and this has diminished the physical richness of the hierarchies. In addition, the elimination of hierarchies in some mosques does not make sense of place and the user cannot perform the required activities in space That user inactivity will not provide the mental image needed to create a sense of place. The results show that change or elimination of hierarchy in Tabriz mosques with other parts of Iran was not unexpected because the difference in climate in Tabriz caused this difference On the other hand, hierarchies and sense of place in the mosques complement each other so that changing the sequence of hierarchies in each period causes the user activity to change from static to move less mental image of space and the link between the hierarchy. And it will diminish the sense of belonging.

It is estimated that about 3 billion people, less than half of the world's population, live within 200 km of the coastline, which is projected to double by 2025. On the other hand, improving the visual and ecological quality of the environment and landscape and promoting the sense of belonging to the place in the space organization can facilitate the desired environmental quality and define a unique pattern of identity for urban beaches; Accordingly, this article examines the criteria and principles of landscape design of coastal cities in order to promote a sense of belonging to the place. The research method of this research was the descriptive-analytical and meta-analytic methods. The survey research method was used with a questionnaire to develop the criteria for landscape design desired by users in order to motivate their sense of belonging. The statistical population included beach strip users in Bushehr who were selected based on Cochran's formula of 389 people and a simple random method. In order to assess the reliability of the questionnaire questions, Spss25 software and Cronbach's alpha coefficient technique were used. The findings of the present study show that the effective components of landscape design of coastal cities in order to increase the sense of belonging to the place are: environmental factors, location, spatial diversity, safety, visual beauty, and permeability. The results also show that the sense of belonging to the place of beach users in the cognitive (identity) and emotional (attachment) dimension is at a high level. Behavioral dimension (dependence) is lower than cognitive and emotional dimension and shows that the beach has not been successful in meeting their needs that the lack of a beach line for the formation of recreational and water-related activities, Lack of suitable beds for the family establishment, interference of cavalry and pedestrians, threats of burnout and destruction of the historical fabric of Bushehr are effective in this regard.

This present study raised the question of why vitality and ultimately the sense of belonging were linked to features of modern homes and neighborhoods. To address this inquiry four neighborhoods known as Zerehi, Beasat, Eslahi Negat, and Cinema Saadi in Shiraz City were selected. Then, in the library studies, vitality indices were extracted to reflect residents' sense of belonging. In the present study statistical analysis (spss) and questionnaire method were used and carried out in three stages. The first step looked at quantitive variables of vitality on the residence’ senses of belonging. The next one compared the cognitive impact of different vitality factors to the desire of living in the neighborhoods. At last, the relationship between vitality factors and the sense of belonging to living space were discussed in Shiraz neighborhoods.The outcome indicated that social vitality, design, and cultural vitality had greater impacts on residents' sense of belonging to living space. Besides, the results of the comparative analysis of different factors of vitality on the sense of belonging show that neighborhoods were influenced and classified by economic, social, ecological, and design in two different groups and cultural vitality in three separate categories.Finally, Spearman's correlation test reveals that residents in the Baysat neighborhood tend to stay in the area.Finally, the results demonstrated that through improving social and cultural vitality indices and design patterns, residents' sense of belonging could be increased.

A sense of belonging to a place, i.e. place attachment, means to have a perception of the environment and more or less conscious emotions on the surroundings, which brings one into an internal relationship with the surrounding environment. Thus, a person’s perception and emotions are bound by and integrated with the semantic context of the environment. A sense of place gives people comfort in an environment, and also leads individuals towards possession of an identity. Moreover, it can be stated that the sense of belonging to a space is a complex concept of human emotion and attachment to an environment, which is developed as a result of adaptation to the space and man’s application thereof.

Theoretical Framework

A review of the related literature can lead one to the roles of different factors in the formation of this sense, including the physical aspects of the environment, social characteristics of the residents, relationships between individuals and the environment, duration of residence, and, in general, memorability factors. The memorability factors influencing residents’ place attachment to the environment in their neighborhoods are divided into the two broad categories of physical memories and social memories. The measures affecting the probability of development of collective memory in cities include the residents’ familiarity with the neighborhood, neighborhood relations, etc., and the measures concerning the development of physical and spatial memory include the neighborhood center features, signs, introversion, etc.

The process of conducting the research is described as involving seven steps. The first step includes an extraction of the memorable factors which are influential on residents’ sense of attachment. For this purpose, the memory indicators are extracted via the documentary-analytical method. The results from the section on the theoretical framework reveal that the physical and social indicators are the most influential factors on the promotion of the sense of attachment in residents of neighborhoods in the city of Shiraz, Iran. The second step involved the development of the main research questionnaire. The features of physical and social memory are considered as the independent variables, and residents’ sense of attachment is considered as the dependent variable. In the third step, the ANOVA test is used for assessment of the level of homogeneity of the population from the old fabric and that from the new fabric. In the fourth step, the Spearman correlation coefficient is calculated for investigation of the effects of the memory factor on the promotion of the sense of attachment in the old and new fabrics. The fifth step involves the application of Tukey’s integrated test for comparison of the effects of physical and social memory on residents’ levels of  sense of attachment in different neighborhoods. In the sixth step, the paired-samples T test is employed to analyze the effects of physical and social memory on the improvement of residents’ sense of attachment to their neighborhoods and the significance of the differences. Consequently, the Pearson coefficient is used for investigation of the correlation between the different elements comprising the physical and social memory component, which influences residents’ sense of attachment to their neighborhoods. The neighborhoods selected for the case study include three situated in the old fabric, namely Sang Siyah, Eshagh Beig, and Bazare Morgh, examined along with three neighborhoods located in the new fabric, namely Abyari, Eslahe Nezhad, and Havabord. The districts to be examined for the case study are selected separately from the old and new fabrics given the similarities of the cultural components and the shared physical and social features measured in the present study.

It can be stated based on the above that the effect of physical and social memory on the promotion of residents’ sense of attachment in the selected neighborhoods of the same fabric is insignificant, and the selection for the case study has been appropriate in terms of feature similarity and homogeneity at the end of the assessment. The results obtained from the Spearman correlation coefficient reveal that a significant relationship exists between the sense of place attachment and memory in all the neighborhoods from the old and new fabrics. However, it can be stated in general that the Eshagh Beig neighborhood exhibits the greatest effect of physical memory in the old fabric on the improvement of the sense of attachment, and Bazare Morgh shows the least effect. In the new fabric, the Abyari neighborhood exhibits the greatest effect, and Havabord shows the least. 

In terms of the effects of social memory on the promotion of the sense of attachment, the Sang Siyah neighborhood exhibits the greatest effect, and Bazare Morgh shows the least effect in the old fabric, while the Abyari neighborhood exhibits the greatest effect, and Havabord shows the least in the new fabric. Based on this assessment, the mean effect of physical memory on the promotion of the sense of attachment is less than that of social memory in the old fabric. In the new fabric, however, the mean effect of physical memory on the promotion of the sense of attachment is significantly greater than that of social memory, and it can be stated in general that residents’ sense of attachment to neighborhoods in the new fabric is significantly lower than that in the old fabric. Given the results for the old fabric, memory-making elements in the neighborhood, from the physical memory indicator, and individuals’ familiarity, from social memory, exhibit the greatest effects, while the historical monuments factor, from physical memory, and NGOs, from social memory, have the least effects on residents’ sense of attachment to the living spaces. In the new fabric, memory-making elements in the neighborhood, from physical memory, and neighbors’ relations, from social memory, exhibit the greatest effects, and historical monuments, from physical memory, and social class, from social memory, have the lowest effects on the improvement of residents’ sense of attachment to the living spaces.

Maadi's are the distinguishing characteristic of Isfahan city in comparison with other cities of Iran. Their calm and inviting side where humans and nature get along together can be combined with architectural elements, affecting the urban feature and landscape of urban neighborhoods. The facade of residential buildings adjacent to the Maadis greatly enjoys the sense of belonging to the existing space. It is one of the most influential factors in creating a connection between residential spaces and existing nature. The vital factor in this research is the response to the dual relationship between man and nature. Also, we focused on the impact of this relationship on the landscape and residential building envelopes. It is critical to meet residents' needs and expectations and provide a more favorable environment for users.

This research has the characteristics of quantitative and qualitative studies. The field research and implementation path are a type of consecutive exploratory combined research with a pragmatism paradigm in terms of data collection. In the first stage, the data of the qualitative study was collected in the field by performing interviews. In this stage of the qualitative data collection, a set of activities was performed, such as bibliographic study, observation, photographs, and interviews with experts. Finally, the thematic analysis method was used to classify the patterns of meaning from the data set. In the second stage, the quantitative study, a survey was done based on the researcher-made questionnaires, the answers, and it was used to apply the appropriate tools. The questionnaires were evaluated on a five-point Likert scale and randomly distributed among neighboring residents of Maadis. The data obtained from the questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS and AMOS software. Descriptive and inferential statistics were analyzed in SPSS software. The Cronbach's alpha was used to evaluate the reliability of the questionnaires, and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was applied to evaluate the normality of data distribution. In order to measure and analyze the effectiveness path of the Maadis component and the sense of belonging to the facade component, a set of variables related to each of them was entered into AMOS software. For confirmatory factor analysis of the mentioned component variables, structural equation modeling was used in AMOS software. Finally, both qualitative and quantitative analyses were interpreted at once.

  The path coefficients of the central hypothesis, regression coefficients, and the number of partial indicators related to the hypothesis showed an effective relationship between the components, but they did not have the same value. The items of the Maadi's component were all identified with a strong and positive effect. The study of the components of the sense of belonging showed that emotional belonging had a  substantial and positive effect on all items. In addition, the functional and conceptual components, with substantial and positive effects on one item, indicated a significant relationship between the components of Maadis and the sense of belonging with the components of the facade.

The results have shown that the sense of belonging and Maadis existence significantly affect facades. From the resident's perspective, the sense of belonging has the most significant effect on the facade, form, and size, then the facade components and the materials. So that in the component of form and size, elements such as the use of curved lines and volumes that are reminiscent of the movement and twisting of water in Maadis were considered significant. The human scale in the facade by using different divisions, creating complete and empty spaces by balcony design, the porch and retreat in floors, unity, and harmony between adjacent facades, coordination in the forms used in the facade as well as avoiding uniformity and the height of more than three floors, respectively, had the most significant value and impact from the residents' point of view. From the resident's perspective, the sense of belonging has the most significant effect on the facade, form, and size, then the facade components and the materials. The Maadis components, with their evocativeness, readability, tranquility and climatic comfort, and uniqueness, respectively, increased the impact of existing nature on the facade. Therefore, paying attention to the green infrastructure of Isfahan Maadis and attracting the participation of residents, under the influence of their sense of belonging, promotes the physical characteristics of the facades of the residential buildings adjacent to the Maadis.

Given the increasing number of people visiting sacred places, these places are forced to expand and increase their capacity; while, in his time, the traditional architect has been able to use knowledge and technology in such a way that while maintaining beauty, its stability create a sense of belonging to the place. The present study is aimed at explaining how the use of technology in development of these sacred buildings today has created a sense of belonging to the place. Thus, the main question is how has the use of technology in development of sacred tombs been considered in the sense of belonging to the place, and what criteria and sub-criteria do they need, as well as how is the effectiveness of each of them on the experts? Also in terms of the research method, the present study tries to find the share of technology in each of the components of sense of belonging to a place as well as the related measures in sacred places, in addition to ranking and evaluating those components and measures through Delphi technique and the hierarchical analysis method. Finally, the desired case studies will be evaluated based on that ranking. Research results have indicated that when applying technology to developments of sacred buildings, experts believe that physical, semantic, and functional components respectively affect the sense of belonging to the place. Moreover, about the case studies, the research achievements show that in spite of the priority of physical and semantic components from the viewpoint of experts, the role of technology’s functional component in the sense of belonging to place in selected samples has attracted the attention of design- .ers more than the other two components