جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « بازنشستگی » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Increasing spending on social security resources is one of the country's economic challenges. Since the population structure and its dynamics in any country is considered the axis and center of economic and social planning, on the other hand, this increase in population requires the assurance of prosperity and peace in the future. Therefore, planning and predicting the impact of demographic changes on the resources and expenses of the social security organization until 2050 is of great importance.

In this research, the estimation of the population based on age groups using the cohort method has been done until 2050, and then the demand and supply of labor in four different scenarios has been predicted until 2050. Using the average ratio of insured persons to employed persons, the number of insured persons has been predicted until 2050. To determine the number of pensioners, the ratio of pensioners to the number of people over 60 years of age is used, and by maintaining the stability of this relationship, the number of pensioners has been estimated until 2050.

One of the scenarios, which is highly likely to happen, shows that since 2035, the gap between the cost and income of the social security organization will increase. Another scenario determines the mentioned year 2040 as an important time for this gap. The results of this research show that by 2050, the expenses of the social security organization will exceed its resources by about 14,016 thousand billion tomans.

The trend of social security organization's resources and expenses, based on a realistic scenario, which is more likely than other scenarios, shows that until 1415, the social security organization's resources are more than its expenses and there is a surplus. In 2035, resources and expenses are equal and there is no deficit. From 2035 onwards, the gap between resources and expenses is increasing in favor of expenses.

The presence of personal, occupational, and organizational stressors in retired workers can cause many psychological problems in the field of personal, family, and social functioning. Therefore, current research was conducted to compile a model of correlates of stress factors of retired workers.

The current research was based on a systematic review and extracting the correlates of retired workers, stress based on the highest frequency of more than 60 studies, and preparing a list based on the most frequent variables of studies, which was used by the path analysis method. The statistical population included all retirees aged 45 to 70 working as members of retirement centers in Isfahan City in the winter of 1400, of which 203 out of 379 workers were selected through a convenient sampling method. To collect data, a set of questionnaires included HSE, organizational stressors, job satisfaction, participative leadership, hope, resilience, perception of organizational support, perception of organizational justice, life satisfaction, work-family conflict, adaptive performance, communication skills, and perception of job security were used. SPSS version 21 was used to analyze the research data.

 results showed that the correlates of occupational stress included hope, resilience, perception of justice, perception of organizational support, life satisfaction, job satisfaction, work-family conflict, adaptive performance, organizational stressors, communication skills, participative leadership and perception of job security, which were among them, work-family conflict, organizational support and job security at the first level (P<0.01) and second level job satisfaction and life satisfaction based on the highest coefficients and learnability (P<0.01) were determined as the main predictors of occupational stress of working retirees.

It is suggested to the managers of health, national pension, military, and social security fields to pay serious attention to these variables to prevent the economic, social, family, and physical consequences of occupational stress.

 Addressing the factors affecting their physical and mental health, including religion and religious orientation, has become particularly important with the increasing elderly population. This study was conducted to investigate the correlation between life satisfaction and religious beliefs.

 The present study is descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional. The statistical population was all retirees of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, out of whom 158 were included in the study by census. Data was collected using Diner’s Life Satisfaction and Allport’s Religious Orientation questionnaires. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the data. In this study, all the ethical considerations were observed and the authors reported no conflict of interests.

 The mean age of the participants in the study was 59.78±8.24 years. More than half of the female participants were mostly married, had a diploma and were economically average. The results showed a statistically significant and positive correlation between the life satisfaction score and religious beliefs and the intrinsic orientation. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between life satisfaction and religious beliefs in the participants over the age of 60, the married, the retired males, and those with higher-than-diploma education, and those with an average economic status.

 According to the declining life satisfaction during retirement and old age due to physical and mental problems, religious beliefs can compensate for the limitations caused by physical and mental problems and increase life satisfaction.

When it comes to migration, the migration of young people comes to mind and the migration of the older adults is ignored. While, migration after retirement is an important and increasing phenomenon. The reasons and destinations of migration of the older persons are different from those of the young. Young people usually migrate to urban destinations and further distances with more job opportunities, while the elderly choose closer destinations and rural areas with good climate. This essay study internal elderly migration, patterns and differences between various socio –demographic groups in Iran during period of 2011-2016.

This article examines the migration of older adults and its socio-demographic correlates in the period of 2011-2016 using the secondary analysis of the 2016 micro-census data. The sample includes 140,159 aged 55 and over in 31 provinces of the country, both urban and rural areas. Binary logistic regression was used in SPSS26 software for data analysis.

The results of multivariable analysis showed that elderly men 13 percent are more likely to migrate than elderly women. The relationship between age and migration for elderly men was U-shaped, which means that the probability of migration is high at the age immediately after retirement, then gradually decreases with age and finally increases again at the age of over 85 years. Also, the possibility of migration among the unmarried older adults is 36 percent higher than married older adults. In addition, with the increase in the level of education, the possibility of migration of the elderly increases. The probability of migration of the elderly with university education was 2.3 times that of uneducated elderly.

Based on the results of census 2011-2015 in Iran, it is expected that the migration of the elderly will increase in the future with the increase in the education level of the elderly and changes in living arrangements. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to the migration of the older adults and its drivers in social policy making.

The world’s population is rapidly aging; hence, paying attention to the quality of life (QoL) of the elderly is of great importance. Financial satisfaction is one of the important components of QoL. The present study aims to determine the association between financial literacy and QoL among retired older adults mediated by their financial satisfaction.

Methods & Materials: 

This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in 2020 on 270 retired older adults in Qazvin, Iran. The samples were selected through stratified random sampling method from 8 retirement centers in Qazvin, Iran. The data were collected using demographic checklist, the control, autonomy, self-realization, and pleasure (CASP) scale, financial literacy scale, and financial satisfaction scale. Structural equation modeling was used to determine the mediating role of financial satisfaction in the relationship of financial literacy with the QoL.

The mean age of older adults was 65.17±4.57 years. The majority of them were male (n=166, 61.85%) and married (n=245, 90.7%). Their Mean score of financial literacy and financial satisfaction were 51.60 and 35.11 out of 100, respectively. Their quality of life was at a moderate level (Mean= 63.89 out of 100). The results of the regression analysis showed the significant association of financial literacy (P=0.006, β=-0.17) and financial satisfaction (β=0.25, P<0.001) with the quality of life. The results also confirmed the mediating role of financial satisfaction (P=0.014).

Financial literacy of the elderly has a significant and positive association with their quality of life mediated by financial satisfaction. Therefore, policymakers in Iran are recommended to develop pre-retirement financial education programs for improving the financial literacy of the elderly.

Considering the importance of recognizing individual changes in old age and the special importance of retirement satisfaction, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between cognitive ability of retirees from individual change and retirement satisfaction in great Torshiz.

This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 1399 on 330 randomly selected retirees in Kashmar city. Data were collected using demographic, retirement satisfaction and cognitive ability of individual changes questionnaires. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics with SPSS software version 16. 

The mean age of participants was 62, 05+4,13. Retirement satisfaction was 20.27±76.29. Retirement satisfaction was significantly associated with marital status, age, income, type of property, study, entertainment, sports, television watching (P <0.05). The mean cognitive ability of retirees was 5.60±36.14, that the degree of cognitive ability was related to factors such as the number of hours spent watching TV and the type of illness involved (P <0.05). Statistical test did not show a significant relationship between retirement satisfaction and cognitive ability (P = 0.16).

Because most of the retirees had poor cognitive ability, it seems necessary to improve the cognitive ability of retirees in the last years of their careers. There was no relationship between cognitive ability and retirement satisfaction, which may be due to the region under study. Therefore, it is recommended to re-study in another environment to evaluate this relationship.

 Retirement is one of the life crises which can cause psychological and social problems in people and cause incompatibility and symptoms called Retirement Syndrome. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the psychosocial self-care training program on retirement syndrome in educators as a program to improve and expose retirees to retirement. 

 In this study, a two-group quasi-experimental method was performed on 64 education retirees in 1398 in Gonabad. After reviewing the entry and exit criteria of the research units (individuals were randomly assigned), they were assigned to two experimental and control groups. Psychosocial self-care training sessions were held once a week for 6 hours for one hour (for) the intervention group. The participants completed the retirement syndrome questionnaire at the beginning and end of these sessions. After data collection, the analysis was performed using SPSS software v. 20. The significance level was considered at P<0.05.

 This study considered 4 main categories regarding retirement syndrome. These categories include Feelings of confusion and conflict, Feelings of new effort and orientation, Feelings of old age and emptiness, and feelings of helplessness and failure. Also, based on the independent t-test, no statistically significant difference was observed between the retirement syndrome scores of the two groups before the intervention (P>0.05); however, the average score of retirement syndrome in the two groups after the intervention and the difference in the average score of retirement syndrome of the two groups before and after the intervention had a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). This means that the training program improved the intervention group’s retirement syndrome (P<0.05).

 The results of the current study showed that holding face-to-face meetings and conducting psychosocial self-care training on retirement syndrome in retired educators positively reduced the symptoms of retirement syndrome. By teaching self-care and learning self-care strategies in old age, we can prepare retirees to cope with or reduce the symptoms of retirement syndrome.

Retirement is a transition to new stage of life which is one of the most important changes in person's life and it is very important to pay attention to it the present study aims to the effectiveness of the self-compassion treatment on self-efficacy and life satisfaction in police force retirees in Tehran, Iran.

The research method is quasi-experimental and pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population was all police force retirees of Tehran, Iran in 2021 of which 30 people were selected by available sampling method and randomly replaced in two groups of 15people in experimental and control. The Scherer and Maddox (1982) Self-Efficacy Questionnaire and the Diner et al.'s (1985) Life Satisfaction Questionnaire were used to collect data. The self-compassion training protocol was performed for the experimental group in 8 sessions (120 minutes per session). Finally, after the training sessions, the post-test was performed and. The data were analyzed by using univariate analysis of covariance in SPSS-22 software.

The data were analyzed for 30 retirees in experimental and follow-up groups. The mean age in the experimental group was 73.11±6.41 years old and in the control group was 76.51±5.31 years old. Considering the F values for post-self-efficacy test (91.76) and life satisfaction (12.79) and their significance level (P-value = 0.001), which was less than 0.05, it was observed that self-compassion treatment was effective to increase self-efficacy and life satisfaction in the experimental group.

Compassion-focused therapy can be effective on increasing self-efficacy and life satisfaction in retirees. Therefore, this intervention can be used in programs designed for retirees.

Iran's population is aging and the quality of life of the elderly in the armed forces, due to the nature of professional activity, needs special attention. The purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between interpersonal sensitivity and quality of life in the armed forces retirees in Tehran, Iran.

The present study is a cross-sectional correlation with an analytical approach. The statistical population of the study consisted retirees of the armed forces over 65 years old who lived in Tehran, Iran in 2019-2020. By using Morgan table, the sample size was 373 people who were selected by available sampling method. The research tools included Boyce and Parker (1989) Sensitivity Questionnaire with confirmed validity and reliability of 0.81 and also older people's quality of life questionnaire (CASP-19) with confirmed validity and Cronbach's alpha of 0.78. Questionnaires were completed through one-on-one face-to-face interviews with senior retirees of the Armed Forces. The relationship between research variables was assessed by using Pearson correlation coefficient test and SPSS 22 software.

91.42% (341 people) of 373 participants were male. 75.06% (280 people) were 70-65 years old. 75.06% of the samples were 65-70 years old. The mean score of total interpersonal sensitivity was 57.17±35.83 and the mean score of total quality of life of the elderly was 58.00±26.34. The results of Pearson correlation test showed that the level of significance between interpersonal sensitivity and quality of life in the elderly was equal to 0.41 (P-Value<0.05). The interpersonal sensitivity score and its dimensions were at a low level and the elderly quality of life score and its dimensions were at a good level.

The general condition about interpersonal sensitivity with quality of life in elderly retirees of the armed forces living in Tehran, Iran is slightly more favorable than the scores related to studies of the general elderly population of the country. This issue can be related to the systematic structure of the armed forces, emphasis and continuous training during service, the existence of active retirement centers, as well as the continuation in communication with colleagues.

The effect of retirement as a significant stage of a turning point in the person's life and its effect on various physiological and psychological capacities in different aspects are significant. Hence, the importance of identifying interventions in order to increase body and mental health among retirees is important. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of guided visualization and mental imagery on perceived stress, psychological well-being, and sleep quality in armed forces retirement.

The present study had a semi-experimental design and used pre-tests and post-tests. A total of 60 Armed Forces Retirement (60-70 years), were selected from among the military retirees in Tehran and were randomly assigned into two groups of 30 (experimental group: 30 men; control group: 30 men). During 12 sessions, Patients were treated 3 times weekly with guided visualization and mental imagery. Perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale [PSS]), psychological well-being (Ryff’s Psychological Well-being Scales), and quality of sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) were measured before and after the intervention.

The results of the covariance test showed a significant decrease in perceived stress (P≤0.01) in the armed forces retirement in the intervention group, as well as significantly increased psychological well-being (P≤0/01) and sleep quality (P≤0/01) in the armed forces retirement in the intervention group, but no significant difference was observed in the control group.

The results of this study supported the claim that training-guided visualization and mental imagery technique could reduce perceived stress and increased psychological well–being and sleep quality in the armed forces retirement through its effect on the coping mechanism, leading to the promotion of well-being. This study that guided visualization and mental imagery technique could prevent and control perceived stress and improve Psychological well-being and sleep quality in armed forces retirement in order to strengthen their mental health.

Retirement is a potentially challenging event in old age that has different‏ effects on older people’s lives. This study aims to identify the psychosocial consequences, barriers, and facilitators of adaption to retirement in Iran.

In this study, we used conventional content analysis. The samples consisted of 22 people with experience or expertise in the field of retirement, who were selected by maximum diversity and purposeful sampling strategy Data were collected through semi-structured interviews from February 2019 to September 2019. Graneheim and Lundman's approach was used for data analysis.

Of 22 participants, 59% were male and 41% were female. Four main categories and 13 sub-categories were extracted covering different psychosocial aspects of adaption to retirement Including: Psychosocial challenges (emotional deprivation, reduced psychological resilience, role loss, social isolation, and family challenges), post-retirement development (developing interests and activities, and feeling of being free), barriers to retirement adaptation (health problems, lack of a retirement plan, and macro-structural deficiencies), and contextual/supportive facilitators (individual characteristics, job characteristics, and social support systems).

After retirement, people face psychosocial challenges or opportunities for development. In the meantime, some barriers and facilitators can affect adaption to retirement. Therefore, preparation for retirement is an important issue in the field of gerontology services. Elderly care providers and health professionals can benefit from the finding of this study in their interventions to promote the psychosocial well-being of retirees and their families.‎

Physical activity, especially in women, decreases with age, which can lead to disabling fractures in the elderly. In this study, we investigated the factors related to physical activity based on the theory of planned behavior in retired women in Rasht City from 2017 to 2018.

This analytical cross-sectional study was included 196 female members of ten active retirement centers in Rasht City in 2017. We designed a questionnaire on the basis of Ajzenchr('39')s planned behavioral model which included ​​regular physical activity, perceived behavioral control, behavioral intention, attitude, and subjective norms. A standardized physical activity questionnaire was used for the elderly. The method of data collection was an interview. Using SPSS software version 16, data were analyzed by a descriptive statistical method and Pearson correlation coefficient. p<0.05 was considered significant.

The results showed that the mean value for the physical activity of the elderly was 329.18±28.18, which was about %82 of the PASE tool score. Planned behavior theory constructs and underlying demographic variables had no significant effect on PASE. We found a significant relationship between behavioral intention and perceived behavioral control, and also between attitude and perceived behavioral control. Attitude had significant correlations with behavioral intention and subjective norms.

Although the relationship between planned behavior model constructs and physical activity were not significant in this study, planned behavior theory constructs had significant relationships with one another.

According to statistics, the world is rapidly moving towards aging. The aim of this study was to compare United States of America, Sweden and Iran in regard to population aging status, types of aged care services and types of aged care service providers.

This study was conducted using a descriptive-comparative approach in 2019. Data were collected by reviewing the texts in the libraries and the websites of the relevant organizations of the selected countries. The references used were in Persian and English languages between 2000 and 2019.

The results showed that Sweden and the United States have faced the population aging phenomenon earlier (than Iran) and have more diverse services in regard to the various aspects of life for old people and also a wider population coverage.

Based on the results of this study, we recommend the use of the experiences of successful countries that have faced the elderly crisis before Iran. Some of the issues that should be considered include: public coverage of social and health insurance for the old people, use of volunteers and private sector capacity, integrated care using an interdisciplinary team, use of modern technologies such as smart alarms and Eldercare Locator Software, needs assessment and capacity building for human resource training, and considering financial and non-financial support for the families which take care of their elderly members.

Retirement is one of the important events in the elderly that can affect the one’s quality of life. Consequently, The aim of the current study was to investigate the role of personality traits, coping strategies and religious attitudes in predicting quality of life in retireds. The study was of descriptive-correlational type. The statistical population included all the retireds of Nahavand, Iran among whom 200 were selected through random sampling. Study tools consisted of NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS), Religious Attitude Scale (RAS) and WHO Quality of Life (WHOQOL-26). Data were analyzed through Pearson’s correlation coefficient and enter multiple regression. The results indicated that there were relationship between Big Five personality traits (except for openness) and quality of life as such, neuroticism had a negative significant correlation with quality of life and extraversion, and agreeableness and conscientiousness had positive significant correlation with quality of life. There was no significant relationship between religious attitudes and quality of life. The problem focused coping strategy had a positive significant, the emotional focused coping strategy had a negative insignificant, and the avoidance coping strategy had a positive medium relationship (0.30, p < 0.01) with the quality of life. The results of multiple regression also showed that personality traits, coping strategies and religious attitudes could predict 43% of variance of the quality of life. Based on the aforemebtioned results, it could be said that the improvement of the quality of life are impressed by personality traits and coping strategies that people apply when they encounter stress.

Given the projected exponential growth in the elderly population in Iran and the world in the future, finding solutions for elderly problems should be one of the health care systems’ priorities. This study aimed to evaluate and promote the geriatric health of the retired NAJA staff in the future.

This is an applied study, in terms of purpose, and a mixed exploratory study, in terms of data. The implementation method used includes interviews and a cross-sectional survey study. The study tools included a questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale (after evaluating validity and reliability) for quantitative analysis and unstructured in-depth interviews for qualitative analysis. 383 NAJA retirees who went to the clinics of Valiasr Hospital and the NAJA Retirees Center in Tehran, Iran, between July 23, 2019, and February 20, 2020, completed the questionnaires and got interviewed.

The quantitative analysis showed that all aspects of the retirees’ health were favorable except for economic and social health (p<0.05). Physical aspects of health problems mentioned by retirees mainly included the costs of heart diseases (35%), hypertension (15%), diabetes (13%), and ocular diseases (13%). Emotional health problems consisted of concerns about the future of the family (63%) and lack of spiritual support (34%). For the economic aspect of health, retirees expressed problems with daily expenses, and for the social aspect of health, they referred to few social welfare facilities (40%), as well as their costs (50%). Other problems included the need for jobs (10%) and financial support (90%) in the motivational health dimension and also cognitive problems.

Our study showed that the economic and social aspects of the retirees’ health are in poor condition and other aspects of their health are in good condition. Promoting economic health will also help promote health in other areas.

To achieve the objectives of social security and health system, it is essential to enhance the level of efficiency of social insurance funds. To hit this target, the challenges of regulation improvement should be identified and addressed in these funds. Therefore, the present study aimed at identifying the key challenges of regulation and modeling the network of management and its effective factors.

This was a cross-sectional qualitative study. In the qualitative part, a systematic review and thematic analysis were conducted using MaxQDA 10 software. Qualitative data were collected by reviewing the relevant documents and related studies. In the quantitative part, the structural-interpretative modeling and Mick-Mac analysis methods were employed. The data were collected by referring to the 14 experts selected by targeted sampling method using a questionnaire.

9 factors were identified as the key challenges in regulation of social insurance funds, including 1) management inconsistency; 2) non-clear insurance approach in population coverage; 3) multiplicity of insurance funds; 4) failure to organize the funds; 5) lack of integrity of rules and regulations; 6) weakness of regulatory authority; 7) weak policy making in management of financial resources; 8) inconsistencies in the country’s insurance tariff system; and 9) insurance cover for informal jobs. The content network was formed in a 4-level model by structural- interpretative modeling method.

Regulation challenges of the social insurance funds include a combination of factors showing the need for the formation of a unit regulator to organize these funds. The aim is to meet the key challenges in 4 layers of the proposed model and modify the regulatory and supervisory structure with a comprehensive, impartial, and specialized approach.

The aging process is associated with physical, psychological, and social changes, causing the elderly to lose happiness. Since reduced happiness is a consequence of old age, the present study aimed to assess the effect of reminiscence on the happiness of the retired elderly.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted in the winter of 2018 on 90 retired men aged more than 60 years, who were selected via convenience sampling and randomly allocated to the intervention and control groups. Reminiscence was performed for six sessions twice per week on the intervention group at the Military Board of the Retired Members in Zahedan, Iran. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and Oxford happiness questionnaire. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 21 using descriptive and inferential statistics.

The mean score of happiness in the elderly in the intervention group increased from 48.82±3.51 before the intervention to 56.51±6.14 after the intervention. In the control group, the score changed from 47.66±6.99 before the intervention to 49.68±7.96 after the intervention. Therefore, a significant difference was observed in the mean score of happiness after the intervention between the intervention and control groups (P=0.001).

According to the results, group reminiscence could promote happiness in the elderly. Considering that reminiscence is an appealing, simple, and inexpensive intervention, it could be used to reduce anxiety in the elderly and foster a joyful atmosphere in geriatric healthcare centers.

Social participation in elders is one of the important factors affecting the physical and mental health and Logo therapy, is provided an opportunity to enable members to recognize, understand, and free themselves from barriers that impede their freedom. This study aimed to evaluate effect of group's Logo therapy on social relationship of Retirees members of the Education Center of Bojnourd. 

The research units of this study were 50 retirees of the Education Center of Bojnourd. The available sampling method was used to select the research units. The research units were randomly assigned to two groups of Test and control. The group's Logo therapy were held for an 8-week a 90 minutes session every week. To eliminate the effects of the group, talk sessions on daily for the control group held every week for a 90-minute session for every week. Social participation was measured using the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) questionnaire and in two previous steps and immediately after the intervention. Statistical analysis was performed by SATA ver.12. Analytical tests including T test, Mann Whitney, Shapiro-Wilk, Chi square and covariance tests.

Based on the results of this study, the mean of social participation in the Logo therapy group before and after the intervention was 13/24±3/58 and 52/57 ±17/83 after intervention (P <0.05) There was significant difference between two studied intervention groups which received logo therapy and Not (P=0.004).

In this study, we concluded that logo therapy sessions were effective significantly in social relationship of retired individuals.

In the retirement age, people experience conflicts and marital problems as they go through one of the transitional stages of life and spend more time at home and face new sources of stress. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the role of coping strategies, purposefulness in life, and quality of life in the level of marital adjustment in retirees.
The present study was a correlational survey. The population consisted of 200 retirees of Nahavand during year 2016, selected by simple random sampling method, as the study sample. The research tools were Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS), Meaning of Life Questionnaire (MLQ), Marital Status Inventory and WHO Quality of Life (WHOQOL-26), and Golombok-Rust marital status inventory. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis.
The results showed that there was a negative correlation between task-oriented strategy and marital adjustment (-0.22), a significant positive correlation between emotion-oriented strategy and marital adjustment (0.20), and a significant negative correlation between the avoidance strategy and marital adjustment (-0.19). Meaning of life was also negatively correlated with marital adjustment (-0.37). Quality of life had a moderate negative correlation with marital adjustment (-0.46). The results of multiple regression analysis showed that coping strategies, meaning of life, and quality of life with multiple correlation coefficient of 0.56 could significantly predict 31% of marital adjustment variance.
According to the results of the current study, effective coping strategies, meaningful life, and good quality of life are predictors of marital adjustment in retirees. Consideration of these issues is necessary for employees of government and nongovernmental organizations, who are on the brink of retirement, in order to cope with marital problems during the retirement period.

Special condition of retirement period under the influence of individual and social characteristics makes it as a stressful life event. So this study was performed to evaluate the relationships between the quality of life with demographic factors in retired nurses.
This descriptive – analytical study was performed on 150 retired nurses in 2015. Data were obtained via collecting demographic information and "quality of life, SF-36" standard questionnaire and then were analyzed using SPSS version 22 thru using parametric statistical tests, Anova and T-test.
Findings were showed that the medium mean score of quality of life in body health scale (56/7 ± 9/1), medium in mental health scale (59/3 ± 9/2) and was also medium in total quality of life (58±7/7). Moreover, statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between some aspects of quality of life and some demographic characteristics like sex, physical education and history of chronic diseases.
Regarding to the results of this study and based on the medium mean score in quality of life among retired subjects and direct link between reducing of quality of life with gender and history of chronic diseases and considering the nursing as a stressful job but effective layer in the area of health, special attention for improving retried nurses quality of life is needed.