جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « رفتار جامعه پسند » در نشریات گروه « روانشناسی »

Helping, which is one of the types of prosocial behavior, refers to a voluntary action or activity that a person shows in order to help others. In this research, the goal was to build a valid and reliable tool to measure the helping structure. This research is of a descriptive-survey type and the statistical population studied were psychology and educational sciences students of Allameh Tabataba’i University in 1401-1402, who were selected through a multi-stage sampling method to the size of 242 of this population. After developing the questionnaire, internal consistency was examined through Cronbach's alpha coefficient and its construct validity through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Factor analysis identified 5 factors including voluntary help, help to family and friends, help to relatives and strangers, small help, and temporary help. Also, the results showed that people have a greater desire to help their family and friends, which is consistent with the existing evolutionary theories in this field. The current research was conducted on students and cannot be generalized to other strata, so it is recommended that this tool be implemented in other strata and other age groups and its psychometric properties should be studied.

This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of psychological reactions of submission and resistance in the relationship between the perception of parenting styles and parental attachment with prosocial behavior. The methodology was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population was made up of all the students of the second grade of high school in areas 2 and 5 of Tehran, who were busy studying in 2021-2022, Among them, 258 people were selected and included in the analysis by multi-stage random sampling method. And they completed the questionnaires of parenting style, parental bond, psychological reaction and prosocial behavior. Data analysis was performed using software, SPSS and AMOS by path analysis method. The results showed that there is a relationship between parenting styles, parental bond, psychological reaction and community-friendly behavior. In other words, authoritarian parenting styles have a direct and indirect negative and significant effects on social behavior and by increasing the psychological response, it reduces prosocial behavior. Powerful parenting style and parental bonding have significant indirect effects on societal behavior and by reducing the psychological response, it increases prosocial behavior. through psychological response. Therefore, through parenting styles, it is possible to improve social behavior in young people and reduce psychological pressure on them, which has a significant impact in the future.

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of uncertainty about others on conformity to prosocial behavior and the moderating role of gender and need for closure.

The statistical population of this study included men and women aged 20 to 40, which 120 subjects were selected through available sampling. A computer-based task in the form of a profitable game was designed using the Psychopy software to assess the prosocial behavior of the participants in different conditions of ambiguous stimulus exposure. Also, a short form of the Need for Closure Questionnaire by Reiss and Pilati (2020) was employed. The data were modeled using mixed models' methods in the R software.

In the modeling of the results of the research, the most favorable model showed that exposure to an ambiguous stimulus with a coefficient of 0.84 and the variable of the need to be closure with a coefficient of 0.54 led to an increase in conformity behavior in conformity of prosocial behavior. and the need to closure has a moderating role. Also, gender was not included in the optimal model and its effect was not significant.

The results of the current study showed that exposure to ambiguous conditions causes an increase in conformity of prosocial behavior and that the need for closure has a positive role in this effect; however, gender does not play a role in this effect.

Parents are considered as the most important factor in socializing children and adolescents. Researches has confirmed the effectiveness of gratitude on the pro-social behavior; hence the purpose of this study is to explain the relationship between parent’s psychological control and children’s pro-social behavior by the mediation of the gratitude.

The research method is a descriptive correlation study. The statistical population of the study included all high school students in Yazd in the academic year ‎2020-2021‎. The sample size was 350 people who were selected with the multi-stage cluster sampling method and 308 people completed the questionnaires. Research Measurement included Dependency-Oriented and Achievement-Oriented Psychological Control Scale (Soenens et al, 2010), Multi-component Gratitude Measure (Morgan et al, 2017) and Pro-social Tendencies Measures (Carlo & Randall, 2002) that have been completed by students. 

The findings using structural equation modeling showed that final model has a good fitness. Also, findings of research hypothesis analysis showed that psychological control of parents could negatively and statistically significant predict pro-social behavior and relationship between gratitude and pro-social behavior was negatively and significant Moreover, the mediation role of gratitude in the relationship between parental psychological control and pro-social behavior was confirmed.

According to the research findings, it can be concluded that less psychological control of parents in the family context, and more children's skills in gratitude, can promotes their pro-social behavior.

AbstractLight personality traits is a new formulation of social orientation and behaviors that include empathy, compassion, and altruism. This study aimed to introduce and study the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Light Triad Scale. For this purpose, 400 undergraduate students were selected by cluster sampling and evaluated by Light Triad Scale and Dirty Dozen Scale. The sample was split into two groups for exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Exploratory factor analysis showed that the three factors of empathy, compassion, and altruism can be extracted and explain a total of 58% of the variance of scores. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the factor of light personality traits in the higher-order is composed by three lower-order factors of empathy, compassion, and altruism and the model has good fitness. The homogeneity coefficient of items was obtained by calculating Cronbach's alpha for the whole scale of 0.92 and the components of empathy, compassion, and altruism were 0.88, 0.88, and 0.87, respectively. Examining the relationship between light personality traits and the three traits of Machiavellianism, psychopathy and narcissism showed a significant negative relationship between them. There were also differences between men and women in the traits of empathy, compassion, and altruism. The light triad personality model consists of three low-order factors: empathy, compassion, and altruism, and can be used as an appropriate tool to assess clear personality traits.

Prosocial behaviors include behaviors such as empathy, altruism, cooperation with the aim of benefiting others, which improve the level of this behavior to facilitate interactions and the well-being of the community. so the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between affiliation motivation and prosocial behavior was mediated by empathy and self-efficacy.

The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population included students of Bu Ali Sina University of Hamadan. The sample size was 380 students who were selected using cluster random sampling method. Research instruments included Cuadrado et al.'s (2016) affiliation motivation, the Caprara et al. (2005) prosocial behavior, the Albiro et al. (2009) empathy, and Scherer et al. (1982) self-efficacy scales. Structural equation analysis method was used to analyze the data.

The results showed that the direct effect of affiliation motivation on empathy (p <0.01, β = 0.32) and self-efficacy (p <0.01, β = 0.27) was significant. The direct effect of self-efficacy (p <0.01, β = 0.30) and empathy (p <0.01, β = 0.37) on prosocial behaviors is also significant. The results showed that the indirect effects of affiliation motivation through empathy (p <0.01, Z = 7.92) and self-efficacy (p <0.01, Z = 5.27) on prosocial behavior were significant. 

Based on the results, concluded that affiliation motivation, empathy and self-efficacy have a significant effect on student prosocial behaviors, so to increase these behaviors, trainings to increase self-efficacy, affiliation motivation and empathy in the educational environment can be considered.

Prosocial behavior is one of the structures that has been seriously considered in social psychology and can be influenced by various factors. Hence, the purpose of this study was develop a structural model to explain prosocial behaviors based on affiliation motivation and sensitivity to rejection mediated by social trust. The research method was correlational and structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the study was all students of Bu Ali Sina University in the academic year 1399-1400, that 387 people was selected by random cluster sampling. The instruments used in this study was include scales of Caprara et al. (2005) prosocial behavior, Saffarinia & Sharif (2010) social trust, affiliation motivation of Cuadrado et al. (2016) and Danny and Foldman (1996) rejection sensitivity. The results showed that the conceptual model developed had a good fit with the data. The results of structural relationships of the model showed that affiliation motivation and rejection sensitivity have a direct and significant effect on social trust (p <0.01) and prosocial behavior (p <0.01). Also, social trust had a direct and significant effect on prosocial behavior (p <0.01). The results of indirect relationships showed that affiliation motivation and rejection sensitivity mediated by social trust have a significant effect on prosocial behavior (p <0.01). Based on the results, the affiliation motivation and the sensitivity to rejection affect social trust and prosocial behaviors. Therefore, by developing programs to educate and increase affiliation motivation and reduce sensitivity to rejection in individuals, we can expect improvement in their prosocial behaviors.

The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of empathy in the relationship between parent's social health and psychological capital and prosocial behavior in adolescents. In this descriptive-correlational study, 369 adolescent high school students (within the age range of 15-18) in Tehran (180 girls and 189 boys) were randomly selected using cluster sampling method. They subsequently filled Prosocial Behavior Scale (Penner, Fritzche, Craiger & Freifeld, 1995) and Empathy Scale (Bryant, 1982). The parents (211 mother and 158 father) filled the Psychological capital Scale (Lutanz, Oliwi, Avolio & Norman, 2007) and Social health Scale (Keye, 2004) questionnaires. Finally, data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling. The results showed that high level of adolescents' empathy and high levels of social health and psychological capital of parents would increase the possibility of prosocial behavior in adolescents. On the other hand, empathy mediates the relationship between social health and the psychological capital of parents and the adolescents’ prosocial behavior. Findings indicates the importance of setting educational programs for promoting empathy and paying attention to the important role of parents as influential factors on adolescents in order to increase prosocial behavior. This factor plays a decisive role in reducing future problems such as antisocial behavior and delinquency in adolescents.

Teachers play the modeling role in many times. Many theorists have shown that prosocial behavior is affected by exposure to appropriate models. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between aggression and social perspective taking with prosocial behavior through the mediating role of social trust in teachers.

The research design is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study consisted of all teachers working at schools in Sanandaj in 2017. in this study 425 techers were selected through categorical random sampling method. The participants completed the aggression (zahedifar, 1196), social perspective taking (mohaghegi and et al, 2016), pro-social behavior (penner, 2002), social trust(saffarinia and sharif, 2010) questionnaires. Data analysis was conducted by AMOS software using path analysis method.

The results showed that the final model has good fitness with the data. The path analysis model has determined that pro-social behavior is influenced by aggression and social perspective taking directly and indirectly through social trust. also, all research hypothesis are conformed.

Considering the significant effect of aggression and social perspective taking on pro-social behavior and the possibility of manipulation and training of these variables, the results of this study have implications for promoting community mental health.

the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of teaching program based on pro-social behavior on happiness in teachers. The research design was a quasi-experimental and a pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of teachers working in the schools of Sanandaj in 2017, 32 people of whom were selected for specific purpose, and were randomly assigned to experimental and control. The experimental group was based on a curriculum Participated in pro-social behavior in 10 sessions. Both groups completed the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire before and after the intervention. The data were analyzed by SPSS-22 software with covariance (MANCOVA). The results showed that the mean happiness scores of teachers after intervention in post-test was increased in the experimental group (37.12 ± 4.85) compared to the control group (31.31 ± 3.43) and this increase was statistically significant (P

The purpose of this research was to anticipate pro-social behavior using social trust and social perspective taking. The statistical population of the study included teachers of all educational levels of Sanandaj city in 2017. in this study 425(230 women and 195 men) techers participated. They were selected based on categorical random sampling method. The participants completed the Pro-social Behavior (penner, 2002), Social Trust (saffarinia and sharif, 2009) and Social Perspective Taking (mohaghegi and et al, 2016) questionnaires. The results of regression analysis showed that three components of social perspective taking variable including perception of the views of others, putting self in the place of others and respect for differences, and two components of social trust variable including cooperative tendencies and honesty can be significantly predict pro-social personality (P≤0/05) and explain 17% of variance.

The aim of this study was to examine the mediating role of the moral emotions in the relationship between empathy and pro-social behavior. The research method was a descriptive correlational study using structural equation modeling. The sample consisted of 508 senior high school students (257 girls, 251 boys) who were selected from high school in city of Shiraz during the academic year of  2016-2017 by cluster sampling method. The participants completed the Basic Empathy Questionnaire (Jolliffe & Farrington, 2006), the Guilt and Shame Proneness Scale (Cohen,  Wolf, Panter & Insko, 2011) and the Pro-social Tendencies Measures (Carlo & Randall, 2002). The results of structural equation modeling indicated that a) empathy had a direct and positive effect on the pro-social behavior and emotions of guilt and shame, b) emotions of guilt and shame had direct and positive effect on pro-social behaviors, and c) emotions of guilt and shame mediated the relationship between empathy and pro-social behavior. The findings suggested the importance of moral emotions in pro-social behavior

The aim of the research was studying the prosocial behavior in old age to investigate the role of relationship with God and demographic characteristics of the elderly adult. Prosocial behavior is any behavior that is socially constructive or helpful in some way to another person or group. Prosocial behavior in Islam is different instances, so maintaining a relationship with God on prosocial behavior imaginable. The present study is a descriptive and correlational research which was implemented in 1396. The population of the study were elderly (those 60 and older) living in Tehran. Of the population 338 persons as the sample, in the way of multistage sampling were selected. The research tools include: 1. Pener Inventory of prosocial personality (PSB) and 2- God relationship Questionnaire. After analyzing the data using ANOVA test and Regression test, the results showed that those who had a weak relationship with God than those with high relevance or even moderate relationship with God, had a lower prosocial behavior. Also, when in the form of a regression model the effect of different variables on the prosocial behavior was studied, it was observed that variables such as gender, age and occupation had no significant effect on prosocial behavior while relationship with God and education had a significant effect on prosocial behavior. This also means that those who have a stronger relationship with God and have higher levels of education have a more prosaical behavior.

This research aimed the Developing empathy skills program based on social cognition and study of it`s effectiveness on prosocial behavior in airport service staff. This research is a kind of semi experimental study with pre-test, post-test and follow-up with the control group. The research population consisted of all Airport Services staff of Iran Air employed at Mehrabad Airport in Tehran. 24 persons of cargo service purposefully were divided into two experimental and control groups. Then prosocial personality questionnaire (pbs) was performed on both groups. The experimental group received empathy skills in eight sixty-minute session. While members of the control group received no training. Data analysis showed that the experimental group compared with the control group after the meetings, found a significant increase in prosocial behavior (α=0.05). Finally, the findings showed that empathy skills training program based on social cognition could be used as an effective therapeutic-intervention program to improve prosocial behaviors in airport services staff.

This research was conducted with the aim of causal explanation of the prosocial behavior based on mother’s meta-emotion philosophy and the emotions of shame and guilt. The research method is a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical society included all students of the secondary high school in Shiraz city in the academic year of 2016-2017, together with their mothers. Participants were 508 students (257 girls and 251 boys) and their mothers were selected by cluster sampling method. Measurement tools included Meta-Emotion Philosophy Questionnaire (Evelyne, 2006) that have been completed by mothers, Guilt and Shame Proneness Scale (Cohen. etal, 2011) and Prosocial Tendencies Measures (Carlo & Randall, 2002) that have been completed by students. The data was analyezed by structural equation modeling applying AMOS software. The result showed that final model has a good fitness. Also, findings of research hypothesis analysis showed that mother’s emotional coaching has a direct and positive effect on the prosocial behavior and emotions of guilt and shame. Also, emotions of guilt and shame showed direct and positive effect on prosocial behaviors. Based on the findings of the research, emotions of guilt and shame had the mediating role in the relationship between mother’s emotional coaching and prosocial behavior. Mother’s acceptance/awareness didnt show any effect on research variables. In general, results of this research indicated the importance of moral emotiones in prosocial behavior.

The aim of current research was to investigate psychometric properties of Sauley and Bedeian Equity Preference Questionnaire and its relationship with Penner prosocial behaviors. The research method was descriptive using explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses, Chronbach Alpha and correlation analysis. Participants include 300 employees of Tehran education organization who were selected by random sampling method. Data were collected by Sauley and Bedeian Equity Preference Questionnaire and Penner Prosocial behaviors Questionnaire. Explanatory factor analysis with varimax rotation showed that Sauley and Bedeian Equity Preference Questionnaire consisted of three factors. Results obtained from rotated factors confirmed three factors model. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that fit indices of three factors questionnaire are acceptable, contrary to original form of the scale that was unifactorial. Results of Pearson correlation coefficients between equity preference and prosocial behaviors showed a significant correlation between them. Finally, according to these findings it can be concluded that Sauley and Bedeian Equity Preference Questionnaire was valid and reliable in Tehran education organization employees. According to acceptable measures of validity and reliability for Sauley and Bedeian Equity Preference Questionnaire and its significant correlation with prosocial behaviors, using this questionnaire is recommended to researchers and specialists.

One of the justifications of prosocial behavior is organ donation. Different studies administrated the importance of attention to social, scientific and religion component of prosocial behavior. According to statistics the rate of organ donation in Iran and especially in Khuzestan is low. The aim of this is that investigate the probability of organ donation based on Personality Characteristics. Six type of personality including political, social, religion, scientific, economic & art were investigated for the anticipating of tendency to organ donation in students. 360 girl and boy student were participated in this study. For assessment the Personality Characteristics, the study of value questionnaire (Allport, Vernon and Lindsey) was used. Data were analyzed by logistic regression and showed that any of 6 Personality Characteristics didn’t anticipate the tendency for organ donation. The result of this study may be having the implications for the other aspect of organ donation such as social and natural aspect.