جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "سرزندگی" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Parents' divorce causes problems in children's self-efficacy and reduces their quality of life. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of narrative therapy on the perceived self-efficacy and vitality of single-parent adolescents girls.

 This semi-experimental study was performed based on a pre-test and post-test with a control group. The study population consisted was formed by single-parent adolescents girls who lived with their mother and referred to Tabriz Private Counseling Center in 1402. The research was 30 people who were selected by purposive sampling method and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups of 15 people. The tools used in this study were the Self-Efficacy  Questionnaire developed by Sherer and colleagues, and the Desy and Ryan's Vitality Questionnaire.The experimental group received narrative therapy in once a week in eight 1.5-h sessions, but the control group did not receive any treatment. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance.

Mean and standard deviation of self-efficacy in the control group in the pre-test 56.67±7.59 and in the post-test 55.33±6.63, there was no significant difference (p<0.05) and for The experimental group was 54.93±7.58 in the pre-test, and 59.07±10.7 in the post-test, the difference was significant (p<0.001). The mean and standard deviation of vitality in the control group was 18.93±3.21 and 18.07±3.19, there was no significant difference (p<0.05) and for the experimental group in the pre-test and post-test. 18.67±3.57 and 22.67±3.13 respectively, the difference was significant (p<0.001).

According to the results of the research, it seems that narrative therapy can be effective in improving the vitality and perceived self-efficacy of single-parent Adolescents girls.

Aging is said to be a special pattern of natural changes in life that occurs as people age With increasing age, the elderly suffer from several problems, including a decrease in hope, happiness, and self-esteem, which may affect self-care, especially nutrition. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between nutrition and self-esteem and happiness of the elderly

The present study was a descriptive-analytical study of the correlation type, and following the ethical standards and obtaining informed consent from the company. The research began Research sampling in this study was by multi-stage method (proportional and simple random). First, among the 18 health centers of Amel city, 7 centers were randomly selected, then again, by simple random and lottery method from among the target population (elderly people), until reaching the desired volume of the study, in 1401 became Simple random sampling was done by preparing a list of people eligible for the study in the selected health care center, then we selected the required number of samples by lottery. The inclusion criteria included being over 60 years old, living in Amel City, the absence of problems such as acute mental disability, the absence of cognitive impairment (using AMT, Alzheimer's, and cancer), and the ability to communicate. Non-cooperation during the implementation of the study was considered as an exit criterion. The tools used included demographic questionnaires, cognitive status assessment, elderly depression, happiness, self-esteem, and instrumental activities. The data were analyzed with descriptive (frequency, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential (focal correlation and parameter estimates) tests.

The results showed that the average age of the participants (60 to 81 years) was equal to 65.92±4.64 and the average body mass index of the participants was 23.75±2.54. 14% of the elderly were underweight and 33% were overweight. 12% were at risk of malnutrition. Most of the elderly had high happiness (99%) and high self-esteem (59%). The correlation coefficient of happiness and self-esteem is 0.378. As a result, in this study, nutrition had no significant relationship with the self-esteem and happiness of the elderly. Also, the results showed that the happiness and self-esteem of the elderly had a significant positive relationship with each other(P<0.001). According to the value of P>0.050, there is no relationship between the self-esteem of the elderly and the total score of the supplementary examination and nutrition. According to the value of P<0.050, it means that there is a relationship between the self-esteem of the elderly and happiness, but by observing the value of R square=0.045, this relationship is very insignificant. It can be said that only 4% of self-esteem changes are due to happiness There is no statistically significant relationship between the family self-esteem component and happiness(P>0.05). In other components of self-esteem, there is a statistically significant relationship with happiness(P<0.05). Also, there is no relationship between happiness with the total score of the supplementary examination and the total score of nutrition, P>0.050

This research was a descriptive-analytical correlation study. The results of this study showed that there is a relationship between happiness and self-esteem of the elderly. However, there was no statistically significant relationship between self-esteem and nutrition of the elderly. In general, according to the results of this research, it is suggested to pay attention to the role of general self-esteem, social self-esteem, and occupational self-esteem in the happiness of the elderly. Considering the expansion of the elderly population in Iran and the importance of paying attention to the physical and mental health of the elderly, the results of this research can be useful for planning to improve the capabilities of the elderly.

One of the most important concerns in school psychology is understanding how students strive for academic success.

The present study aimed to compare the family’s emotional climate, academic motivation, and academic buoyancy between excellent and average students.

In this causal-comparative research, the statistical population consisted of male students in the first year of middle school in districts 5, 18, and 22 of Tehran, Iran, during the academic year 2021-2022. A multistage cluster sampling method was used to recruit 300 students (n=150 per group) from these districts. Data were collected using the Family Emotional Climate Questionnaire by Hill (1964), Harter's Academic Motivation Scale (1980), and Martin and Marsh's (2008) Academic Buoyancy Scale. The collected data were analyzed using Chi-square test, regression analysis, and independent t-test in SPSS-21.

The results indicated a significant difference between the two groups in terms of the family’s emotional climate and its components, including love (P<0.001), caressing (P<0.002), approval (P<0.003), shared experiences (P<0.003), gift-giving (P<0.002), encouragement (P<0.001), trust (P<0.001), and sense of security (P<0.002). Additionally, there were significant differences between the two groups regarding the variables of academic motivation (P<0.001) and academic buoyancy (P<0.001), with the mean scores of excellent students being higher than those of the average group.

In the group of excellent students, the family’s emotional climate, academic motivation, and academic buoyancy were higher than those of the average group. Therefore; strengthening the relationship between family members and students, besides implementing skill development programs that focus on enhancing academic motivation and buoyancy in school education, can have a significant impact on the academic success of students.

Background &

One of the important challenges of professors in classrooms is to focus students' attention on subjects and help them learn. One of the fundamental changes that happened in recent decades in the field of psychology is that, unlike the previous psychologists, they focused their research and scientific works on the disturbing aspects of thoughts and pathological aspects of the psyche. Focused on human beings, today many psychologists, in addition to dealing with the morbid and pathological aspects of the human psyche, also pay attention to the positive aspects of human thoughts, beliefs, feelings, and behaviors. The concept of optimism is one of the central and important topics of positive psychology, which emerged in the field of psychology as a result of the value change in beliefs, in recent decades, by people such as Allport, Erikson, Fromm, Maslow, Rogers, and Peterson. Tries to make the presence of positive components in various aspects of human life more vivid and impressive with scientific methods and perspective. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of classroom management training on the academic optimism and academic vitality of Farhangian University of Kermanshah students.

In terms of purpose, the present study is applied, and in terms of method, it is correlational descriptive research with the aim of investigating the effect of classroom management training on the academic optimism and academic vitality of 2022 incoming students of Farhangian University in Kermanshah province. There have been. In this research, measures academic optimism from Baird et al.'s academic optimism questionnaire (2010) and academic vitality from the academic vitality questionnaire with 9 items, modeled after the academic vitality scale of Martin and Marsh-2006, which had four items, and classroom management from The classroom management style questionnaire was based on Wolfgang and Glickman's theoretical framework and modeled after the teachers' beliefs about classroom control (ABCC) questionnaire by Martin et al. (1998). SPSS-22 software was used to analyze all statistical data.

 According to table (3), because the significance level of the variables of academic optimism and classroom management of teachers (Sig=0.000) is smaller than the predicted error value, so the relationship between the variables is statistically significant and where the calculated correlation coefficient is equal to 0.421. Therefore, with a confidence level of 95%, we can conclude that there is a direct and meaningful relationship between academic optimism and classroom management of professors; That is, with the increase in the classroom management of professors, academic optimism increases and vice versa. According to Table (4), because the value of the significance level of the variables of academic vitality and classroom management of professors (Sig=0.000) is smaller than the predicted error value, therefore the relationship between the variables is statistically significant and since the correlation coefficient calculated It is equal to 0.497. Therefore, with a confidence level of 95%, we can conclude that there is a direct and meaningful relationship between academic vitality and classroom management of professors; That is, with the increase in the classroom management of professors, academic vitality increases and vice versa. The results of Table (5) show that the direct effect of classroom management on academic vitality with the path coefficient (0.555) and (t=6.317), the direct effect of classroom management on academic optimism with the path coefficient (0.408) and (t = 3.887) and the direct effect of academic optimism on academic vitality with the path coefficient (0.259) and (t = 3.034) is significant and positive, and according to these results, the relationship between the research variables is confirmed. To investigate the relationship between classroom management and students' academic vitality and academic optimism, the indirect effect coefficient should be calculated. There is a relationship between professors' classroom management students' academic vitality and their academic optimism. The coefficient of the indirect effect of class management on academic optimism and academic vitality of students is equal to 0.660, which shows that the variable of classroom management has an effect on the relationship between academic optimism and academic vitality of students. Because the significance level of academic optimism and academic vitality variables (Sig=0.000) is smaller than the predicted error value (0.05), therefore the relationship between the variables is statistically significant, and since the calculated correlation coefficient is equal to 0.421, so the null hypothesis is rejected and the research hypothesis is confirmed. Therefore, with a confidence level of 95%, we can conclude that there is a direct and meaningful relationship between academic optimism and the academic vitality of students; That is, with the increase in academic optimism, the academic vitality of students increases. According to the amount of variance analysis obtained, the paths of predicting academic vitality by the components of professors' classroom management are significant at the level of 0.01.

Class management by professors and its effect on academic optimism in the field of education is like a double-edged sword, one edge of which is a threat that causes weakness in the moral system, which leads to a decrease in communication and an increase in damages. Academic optimism is the belief that the student will be successful academically, this belief increases the expectation of success in students, and as it was said, this increases the student's motivation for better performance. On the other hand, today, based on the realities and relying on the natural needs of humans, they rely on a series of human values and principles, on the strategic role of humans in the organization, and consider humanitarian activities in strategic planning. They know it is necessary. Academic optimism is a personal belief that is formed in a person under the influence of environmental factors. This belief points to the fact that in the case of establishing trusting relationships between students and teaching staff, the presence of academic emphasis in the environment, and the formation of a sense of unity with the educational environment, a person will gain high motivation and achieve success in the path of progress. If the learning process in students is to go well, it is necessary to pay attention to various factors. Apart from internal and individual factors that have a colorful role in learning, external factors also have a direct impact on the learning process. According to the obtained results, classroom management training of professors has an effect on the academic optimism and academic vitality of Farhangian University of Kermanshah students.

Vitality and empathy are very important for the better functioning of preschool children. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of life skills training and affective capital training in buoyancy and empathy among 4-6-year-old children.

This research was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest, posttest, and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population included preschool children in preschool centers in the winter of 2022 in Isfahan, Iran. Out of them, 45 preschool children were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and a control group (15 children for each group). The vitality (Buoyancy) scale of Bang et al. (2019) and the empathy questionnaire of Davis (1980) were used to assess dependent variables in three stages. The two training groups were each trained for ten 45-minute sessions, and the control group did not receive any training. The data were analyzed using an analysis of covariance and post hoc Bonferroni test.

The results pointed out that there was a significant difference between life skills training and affective capital training with the control group in vitality (P<0.01); nonetheless, there was no significant difference between the two training groups (P>0.05). In empathy, only there was a significant difference between affective capital training and the control group (P<0.01).

Considering the effectiveness of life skills training and affective capital training in improving vitality and the effectiveness of affective capital training on improving empathy, it is suggested that this training be used in preschool centers for 4-6-year-old children.

The main purpose of the research is to present a curriculum model based on academic vitality in elementary school students of Tehran city with the approach of data base theory.

The research method is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of data type, which was carried out with the foundational data approach. The statistical population includes elites with doctorate degrees and university faculty members with at least 10 years of experience and with research degrees and participation in the desired seminars. The sample size was 15 experts who were selected with a purposeful method and according to the principle of theoretical saturation. The data collection tool is a semi-structured interview. Theoretical coding method (open, central and selective) was used to analyze the data.

After open and axial coding, it was determined that the dimensions and categories of the curriculum based on academic vitality were obtained based on the data theory of the 4 causal dimension foundation, which these dimensions are 1- The goal of the curriculum with three components of attention to happiness, creating motivation and paying attention to life skills 2- Curriculum content with three components of effective communication skills, life skills implementation, participation 3- Teaching process -Learning curriculum with two components of creating vitality, psychological well-being skill 4- Curriculum evaluation with two components Evaluation of vitality is evaluation of passion for school, and according to theoretical and practical bases, the relationships between identification categories have been drawn. Based on the analysis conducted with the questionnaire of Strauss and Corbin (2003), it was found that this model has the required validity.

Therefore, the application and operationalization of the mentioned model can significantly help to improve the quality of the curriculum.

War has a profound and profound effect on the mental health and well-being of its soldiers, veterans and victims. War and military violence have led to communication malfunctions and disruption of family dynamics and mental health (1). The psychological problems caused by war usually affect the victims and their families for a long time after the war, and these psychological consequences can sometimes last up to 20 years after the war. The absence of the father or his injury in the family also causes the mother many problems and endangers her mental health (2-3). This is likely to be doubled for women who have lost their husbands or whose husbands have suffered serious physical or psychological harm. In this regard, it has been determined that the psychological well-being of the three groups of spouses of veterans, freedmen and martyrs is at the lowest level of mental well-being (5). From a positive psychology perspective, the absence of symptoms of mental illness is not an indicator of health and well-being. Rather, adaptation, happiness and self-confidence and such positive characteristics determine health and the main goal of a person in life is the flourishing of one's abilities, abilities and talents (8). In this regard, positive therapy can not only create positive resources but can also have a reciprocal effect on the negative symptoms and also prevent their recurrence. Two important factors related to the concept of psychological well-being are the sense of meaning in life and vitality. Several studies have documented this relationship in the research literature (13). For example, the existence of meaning in life predicts psychological well-being (14). In fact, the meaning in life and psychological well-being are important issues in positive psychology. The feeling of being alive is closely related to happiness and psychological well-being and is considered as one of the most important human experiences (17). Numerous studies have shown that living in the wives of veterans and martyrs for any reason reduces self-confidence and self-efficacy, which in turn can reduce the quality of life and psychological well-being. Therefore, interventions that reduce these factors and improve these psychological indicators are essential. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of positive psychology intervention on psychological well-being meaning in life, and vitality of martyr and veteran spouses.

The method of this study was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design along with a control and experimental group. 28 wives of martyrs and veterans of Shiraz participated in this study who were randomly assigned into control group (n=14) and experimental group (n=14). This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences and was conducted according to the Helsinki Declaration (19). In this study, Ryff Psychological well-being Questionnaire, Meaning of Life Questionnaire and Vitality Questionnaire were used to collect data. Positive psychology intervention protocol was performed in 10 sessions for 90 minutes in the experimental group. This protocol is based on a study by Seligman et al. (2006) (11). After practice in the experimental group, post-test measurements were performed again in both groups. In order to compare the internal group (pre-test and post-test) and research groups, paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test were used at the significance level of α = 0.05, respectively.

The average age of participants in the control group was 41.57±9.96 years and this index for the experimental group was 44.21±10.28 years. The number of spouses of veterans and martyrs is equal in both groups. According to the paired sample t-test, there is no significant difference from pre-test to post-test in the control group in any of the indicators of psychological well-being, meaning of life and vitality (p ˃ 0.05). However, this difference in the experimental group in the overall score of mental well-being (p = 0.001, t = 6.034), self-acceptance (p = 0.007, t = 3.213), environmental dominance (p = 0.001, T = 4.323), positive relations with others (p = 0.001, t = 4.527), autonomy (p = 0.004, t = 3.513), presence of meaning (p = 0.041, There are t = 2.271), total score of meaning of life (p = 0.018, t = 2.652), and vitality (p = 0.017, t = 2.742). There was no difference in other variables (p ˃ 0.05). The results of independent sample t-test show that there is a significant difference in the overall score of psychological well-being (p = 0.001, t = 3.475). Moreover, among the subscales of the psychological well-being questionnaire, only self-acceptance was significant (p = 0.001, t = 3.677). Also the meaning of life (p = 0.047, t = 2.898) was significant. There was no difference in other variables (p ˃ 0.05).

Positive intervention due to changes in the behavior, attitudes, beliefs and emotions of the wives of martyrs and veterans and enjoying them with characteristics such as being active and energetic, willingness to communicate with others, positive and having attitudes and perceptions Positive self and other people and controlling emotions helps to empower them (30). The result of such empowerment is the strengthening of positive emotions and greater success in life. It can be said that positive education activates positive emotions and prevents negative emotions that play a key role in reducing their mental well-being to replace positive emotions (31). In this intervention, the wives of martyrs and veterans learn to have a positive self-image instead of blaming themselves, to remember the past with satisfaction and hope for the future. These people can turn challenges into opportunities and use effective coping strategies to deal with negative thoughts and then accept positive thoughts instead, as well as to cope with problems more effective (33). Of note, Positive education leads to activities that take these people to a pleasant inner world and help them gain a sense of excitement, meaning in life, goal setting and motivation, and consequently it affects their well-being and mental health (34-35). As a result of such interventions, they tend to positive social aspects and feel more responsible for their behavioral and communication health in life. In general, the results of this study showed that education based on a positive psychology approach has an effect on well-being and the meaning of life but has no effect on vitality (37-38). Psychologists can use this intervention to increase mental well-being and, consequently, quality of life and increase mental health. Also, this intervention can be provided as a psychological package to the centers related to the families of martyrs and veterans so that the psychologists of these centers and counselors can use it.  It should be noted that future studies should be conducted in qualitative or mixed methods to obtain more accurate information. Comparison of the effectiveness of this intervention with other interventions should be evaluated to determine its effectiveness compared to other interventions.

Quality of work life is one of the most important factors that empowers human resources in healthcare system. It also improves employee’s job satisfaction. Because nursing is an important component of health care systems of a country, this survey carried out to determine relationship between vitality and Sense of psychosocial coherence with nurses' quality of work life and the role of mediating  self-differentiation.

A descriptive correlational study design was used. The statistical population of this study included all female nurses of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, that 155 nurses as samples of research was selected through simple random sampling. To measure the variables, Walton's quality of work life questionnaires (1999), Scorner & Friedlander self-discovery questionnaire (1999), and Antofsky's (1992) mental integrity questionnaire were used. Pearson correlation test and path analysis using Amos and SPSS22 software were used to analyze the data.

Results showed that vitality affect directly on quality of work life (0/48) and indirectly through the self-differentiation influenced on quality of work life (0/12); Should be added, psychosocial coherence not affect directly on quality of work life (-0/07) and indirectly through the self-differentiation did not affect on quality of work life (0/02). 

Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the relationship between vitality with the quality of nurses' work life is not a simple linear relationship and self-differentiation can mediate relationship vitality with the quality of nurses' work life.

Vitality is presented as an energy-filled inner experience in which people experience a sense of life and spirit within themselves. Subjective vitality refers to a positive feeling of aliveness and energy. This condition appears to be important in the elderly. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to study of the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on vitality in the elderly. This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and control group design. The statistical population included all the elderly referring to the day care centers for the elderly in Aligudarz, Iran in 2018, among whom 30 elderly were chosen using purposive sampling method along with inclusion and exclusion criteria and assigned randomly into two groups of experimental and control (each with 15 members). Research tool consisted of Rayan & Frederick’s subjective vitality scale. The experimental group participated in a group positive psychotherapy for eight 90-minute sessions, while the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed using the univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) in SPSS-25. The results indicated that positive psychotherapy, significantly increased vitality in the elderly. Based on the results of this study, positive psychotherapy is suggested to be used in order to increase vitality in the elderly.

 Women with cardiovascular diseases have many problems, and one of the effective methods in improving their conditions is mindfulness training. Therefore, the present research aims to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness training on vitality, psychological well-being, and blood pressure in women with cardiovascular diseases.

 This study was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest follow-up design with the control group. The research population consisted of women with cardiovascular diseases referred to Shahid Rajaie Hospital of Tehran in 2019. The research sample was 40 people selected by purposeful sampling method and randomly distributed into two groups. The experimental group received eight face-to-face 70-minutes sessions of mindfulness training, and the control group did not receive any training. Data were collected using questionnaires of vitality and psychological well-being, besides blood pressure device. They were then analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures, together with Chi-square, independent t, and Bonferroni post-hoc tests.

 The results showed no significant difference in terms of vitality, psychological well-being, and blood pressure (p>0.565) in the pretest; however, in the posttest and follow-up stages, there was a significant difference in terms of all variables (p < 0.001). This means that mindfulness training increased vitality (F=6.510, p < 0.015) and psychological well-being (F=12.893, p < 0.001) and decreased systolic (F=7.258, p < 0.010) and diastolic (F=4.751, p < 0.036) blood pressure in women with cardiovascular diseases, and the treatment results were maintained in the follow-up stage.

 The results indicated the effectiveness of mindfulness training on vitality, psychological well-being, and blood pressure. Therefore, psychologists and therapists are advised to use mindfulness training, besides other educational and therapeutic methods, to improve the vitality, psychological well-being, and blood pressure in patients with cardiovascular diseases.

In the field of sports, one of the theoretical approaches is the passion for physical activity, which is known to increase positive emotions in sports. The main purpose of this study was to determine the correlation of passion for physical activity and vitality with leisure time physical activity enjoyment in Tehran Municipality Sport Organization in 2019.

This study was a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population included all employees of the Tehran Municipality Sports Organization, and the statistical sample was selected by the all-round method and 200 people due to the limited population. The study used "Passion Scale", "Subjective Vitality Scale", and the “Groningen Enjoyment Questionnaire". Formal validity, content validity index, convergent and construct validity and reliability (Cronbach's alpha coefficient calculation) were examined. Data were collected with a questionnaire. Data analysis used SmartPls 3.0 .

There was a positive and negative significant correlation between harmonious passion  (P = 0.001, β = -0.57), obsessive passion (P = 0.001, β = 0.57) with leisure time physical activity enjoyment. But there was not significant correlation between vitality (P = 0.338, β = -0.16) with leisure time physical activity enjoyment.

Compatible enthusiasm and extreme enthusiasm with the enjoyment of sports leisure time have a significant positive and negative correlation, respectively. Therefore, it is suggested that the managers of the Tehran Municipality Sports Organization, in order to create enthusiasm among the employees to participate in physical activity in their free time, undertake sports programs for some days of the week and in the form of family conferences.

As the aging population continues to grow, solutions to address the needs of and care for this population become increasingly essential. Numerous studies on shifting demographics reported that the ability to meet the challenge of an aging population and responding to its needs requires a better understanding of concepts, such as aging, frailty, and disability. The needs of the elderly are often associated with the concept of “aging in place.” A major aspect of “aging in place” is the quality of houses and their open area. The built environment can respond to the elderly’s needs and influence behaviors and create a vitality place for them. This research addressed the psychosocial needs of the aging population in open spaces; social environments to propose a model for living in open spaces in residential complexes, i.e., defined as the engagement and integration of the elderly residents in the community structure to experience an enhanced quality of life. The hypothesis is that, by linking the social and psychological needs of the aging groups to architectural principles and physical manifestations, a model for living in place is achieved; accordingly, the elderly experience vitality. The current study aimed to determine the factors influencing vitality in open spaces for the elderly.

This study employed a qualitative content analysis method based on interviews. The selected elderly were interviewed for qualitative analysis purposes. Individuals who were living in the Aseman residential complex, in East Azerbaijan Province, in 2019–2020 (as the case study) were selected and interviewed. To select the study sample, the purposive sampling method was employed. Totally, 24 participants were recruited and interviewed concerning factors affecting vitality in open spaces. A semi–structured interview was conducted to identify the dimensions of vitality in the environment from the perspective of the elderly until saturation was reached. The researchers interviewed the research participants in open spaces at 10–12 AM and 6–9 PM. After coding the collected data, these approaches were investigated and presented in a diagram format.

Effective factors on the vitality of open areas in residential complexes for the elderly were classified into 15 main themes and 59 sub–themes. The main themes were as follows: space configuration, physical diversity, physical identity, climate comfort, safe environment, comfort, flexibility, space maintenance, legibility, communication management, accumulation, social identity, relaxation, mental security, and mental interaction with the environment. The sub–themes related to each main theme were classified as follows: space configuration: space form, space proportions, space layout, and spatial communication; physical diversity: diversity, responsiveness to activities, dynamism and attractiveness, cohesion, and beauty; physical identity: space configuration and ecology; climate comfort: temperature, humidity, light, and shade; safe environment: space dynamics, structural elements, and non–physical elements; comfort: design quality, complementary spaces, accessibility, and human scale; flexibility: variability, adaptability, and variation; space maintenance: the quality of space, equipment, and facilities; legibility: natural elements, sensory stimuli, guide elements, structural elements, signs, complexity, and permeability; communication management: relationships as well as direct and indirect social communication; accumulation: the desire to be in a natural place, opportunities to meet others, and presence; social identity: memories, social celebrations, a sense of participation, and the possibility of being active; relaxation: air quality, noise pollution, light quality, congestion, and nature; mental security: environmental risk (human, vehicles), a sense of control, privacy, and aristocracy to the place; mental interaction with environment: openness, creating motivation through developing favorable forms, visual perception, understanding the environment, and an environment for everyone.

Based on the present research findings, 4 core dimensions were found to be correlated with lively open spaces in residential complexes from the elderly’s perspectives. These dimensions included physical, functional, social, and mental aspects. These dimensions were classified into 15 main themes and 59 sub–themes. Thus, vitality in open spaces is correlated with biopsychosocial issues, i.e., needed to be addressed to prevent abnormalities in the aging period.

Identifying gender differences in variables such as academic vitality, flourishing and academic identity can play an important role in student education. Hence, the purpose of this study was to compare academic vitality, flourishing and academic identity dimensions based on gender of students. The study was causal comparative study;and, the statistical population of this study was all students of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in in first semester in 2018-19 academic years; then, by using multistage random sampling, 200 students (100 female and 100 male students) were selected from the statistical population. Data collection had done by academic identity, academic vitality, flourishing questionnaires. Thereupon, data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of variance analysis (MANOVA), in addition, using SPSS version 22. The findings divulged that there was a significant difference between male and female students in terms of academic vitality, flourishing, and successful academic identity. In fact, female students in comparison to the opposite gender showed the higher levels of successful sequences in academic vitality, flourishing, and academic identity.Therefore, considering the gender differences in academic vitality, flourishing, and academic identity can include important and effective implications on academic performance of students and, moreover, enhance their academic performance.

Academic life is one of the components of psychological well-being in many research systems. This study compares academic vitality, academic achievement, and test anxiety in gifted and normal first-grade students in Khodabandeh.

In order to carry out the present research, the required coordination was made with the Khodabandeh Education Department and at the appropriate time, questionnaires were distributed among the students. The statistical population of the present study includes all gifted and ordinary first grade high school students in Khodabandeh city who were studying in the academic year 96-97. Using Morgan's table, 358 students were selected using multistage cluster random sampling, and 6 schools were randomly selected from the list of public schools. From these schools 14 classes were selected and all students of the selected classes took the test, from two sharpshooters in the region, 4 schools were randomly selected from each school and 152 students took the test using Morgan's table. Questionnaires for academic achievement, academic vitality and test anxiety of Sarason were provided to them. After collecting the questionnaires, in order to analyze the research findings using descriptive statistics, the mean and standard deviation were used for descriptive comparisons. Used

The present study showed that acceptance of academic help in students with sharp intelligence is more than normal students.

This study showed that regular school students need to be trained in order to receive and benefit from this skill. Therefore, it is recommended to provide them with the necessary education.

This study aimed to determine the effect of health promoting lifestyle training on vitality, psychological well-being and blood pressure of women with cardiovascular disease.

Women with cardiovascular disease have many problems in physical and mental health and one of the effective methods in this field is health promoting lifestyle training method.

This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and follow-up design with control group. The study population consisted of women with cardiovascular disease referred to Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center in Tehran, Iran, in 2019. The sample consisted of 40 women who were selected by purposeful sampling method and randomly allocated into experimental and control group. The experimental group received eight 75-minute educational session (one session per week) on health promoting lifestyle and the control group placed on the waiting list for training. Data were collected using questionnaires vitality and psychological well-being and sphygmomanometer and were analyzed by Chi-square test, independent t-test, repeated measures and Bonferroni post-hoc test in SPSS Version 19.
Findings. In the pretest stage, there was no statically significant difference between the experimental and control group in terms of vitality, psychological well-being and blood pressure, but in the posttest and follow-up stages, there was found a statically significant difference in terms of all three variables of vitality, psychological well-being and blood pressure, meaning that health promoting lifestyle training method led to increase vitality and psychological well-being and decrease blood pressure of women with cardiovascular disease. This effect continued in follow-up stage.

The method of health promoting lifestyle training led to improve the vitality, psychological well-being and blood pressure of women with cardiovascular disease. It is recommended that health care providers use health promoting lifestyle training method along with other educational and therapeutic modalities to improve the health-related components.

Positive thinking skills are one of the most important skills to cope with academic challenges and students' success. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of teaching positive thinking skills on academic buoyancy, academic engagement and goal orientation-progress in girl students with depression syndrome in Izeh city. This research was a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population of this study included all girl students with depression syndrome in Izeh city in 2017. Twenty-two of them were selected through convenience sampling method and were divided into two experimental and control groups by simple random method. The data was collected using the “Educational Vitality Questionnaire”, “Educational Enthusiasm Questionnaire”, and “Goal Orientation Questionnaire”. The validity of the instruments was confirmed by content validity and their reliability by Cronbach's alpha method. The experimental group received positive thinking skills training in 8 sessions of 90 minutes. Data was analyzed with SPSS. 23. The mean of pre-test scores in the experimental and control groups were respectively academic buoyancy (29.7, 29.4), academic engagement (44.07, 43.95), mastery goal orientation (30.46, 30.63), performance goal orientation (33.52, 33.29) and avoidance goal orientation (28.01, 27.30) in experimental, and there was no significant difference. The comparison of the mean post-test scores in the experimental and control groups were respectively academic buoyancy (34.16, 29.95), academic engagement (49.03, 43.7), mastery goal orientation (34.22, 31.55), performance goal orientation (37.28, 32.74) and avoidance goal orientation (26.86, 27.51) and there was a significant difference (P < 0.001). The intervention of teaching positive thinking skills in girl students with depression syndrome improves their academic performance. Therefore, the implementation of positive thinking training by experts is recommended to improve the educational conditions of girl students with depression syndrome.

Anxiety during pregnancy especially among primigravid women is one of the most common psychological problems during pregnancy, which may have negative consequences. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between social support, quality of life, and vitality with pregnancy anxiety among primigravid women. In this cross-sectional correlation study, 120 primigravid pregnant women referring to health-care centers of Ahvaz city were selected through convenience sampling method. Data were collected by using four questionnaires of social support, quality of life, vitality and pregnancy anxiety, and were analyzed by SPSS-19 by Pearson correlation tests and multiple regressions. The mean (SD) age of primigravid women was 24.9 (1.4). The mean (SD) score of social support, quality of life and vitality was 37.2 (6.9), 72.7 (13.6), and 28.3 (62) respectively. Anxiety during pregnancy decreased with increased social support, quality of life and vitality: P<0.01. The predictor variables including social support, quality of life and vitality could predict 31.2% of anxiety during pregnancy among primigravid women: P<0.01. Having social support, higher quality of life and vitality are effective in reducing the anxiety during pregnancy among primigravid women.

Very variables have a role in improve the academic vitality of students. Therefore, present research aimed to determine the role of cognitive and metacognitive learning strategies, academic optimism and academic engagement in predicting academic vitality of nursing students.

This study was a cross-sectional from type of correlational. The research population were included all nursing students of Islamic Azad university of Ahvaz branch in 2017-18 academic years, that from them 200 people were selected by simple sampling method. Data collected by the questionnaires of Wolters cognitive and metacognitive learning strategies, Beard and et al academic optimism, Fredricks and et al academic engagement and HoseinChari and DehghaniZadeh academic vitality and analyzed by Pearson correlation and multiple regression with enter model methods.

The findings showed cognitive learning strategies (r=0/269), metacognitive learning strategies (r=0/312), academic optimism (r=0/375) and academic engagement (r=0/438) had a positive and significant correlation with academic vitality of nursing students. Also, the variables of cognitive and metacognitive learning strategies, academic optimism and academic engagement predict 40/7 percent of variance of academic vitality of nursing students that in this prediction the share of academic engagement was higher than other variables (P

The results indicated the importance of the variables of cognitive and metacognitive learning strategies, academic optimism and academic engagement in predicting the academic vitality of nursing students. Therefore, to improve the academic vitality of nursing students can increase their cognitive and metacognitive learning strategies, academic optimism and academic engagement.

Vitality, as one of the components of well-being, decreases during pregnancy. This study investigate the effect of relaxation exercises on vitality of primigravida women in Hamadan, Iran.
The present quasi-experimental study was conducted on 100 primigravida women referring to a prenatal care center. Before the intervention, all the pregnant women completed the vitality and demographic characteristics questionnaires. The pregnant women of the intervention group participated in 8 sessions every two weeks with an emphasis on physical and relaxation exercises, while, the control group received the routine care of the prenatal clinic. By the end of the sessions, the questionnaires were recompleted by both intervention and control groups and compared inter and intra two groups.
The mean score of vitality of the women in the intervention group was 31/7±58/33 before intervention which has reached 55/4±32/38 after intervention, indicating a significant difference (p The present study documented the importance of the relaxation exercises as a simple and available health intervention, which could lead to the increased vitality in pregnant women.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of health promoting lifestyle group training on vitality, pleasure and social adjustment among women with type-2 diabetes in Esfahan city in 2014.
Subjects and This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest experimental and control groups. . Deci and Ryan Vitality Scale, Hamilton Pleasure Scale Asnyt and compatibility Bell were used in this work. For the implementation on the experimental group, lifestyle intervention group training health promotion On lifestyle and Walker 6-health promotion theory in physical and mental health 8 sessions 90 min as were the control group received no intervention. The test and multivariate analysis of covariance revealed that educational intervention promote the healthy lifestyle.
Results showed implementation of significant increase in vitality, pleasure and social adjustment in women with type 2 diabetes (p This study emphasizes the role of health promoting lifestyle in improving and control of type II diabetes and increases vitality, pleasure and social adjustment in these patients.