علی رشیدی

Calculating the failure probability of structural problems with linear boundary condition functions is usually done at a low level and by first-order methods due to simple concepts and the need for few calculations. These methods are only suitable for providing an estimate of the probability of structural failure, and especially when the function expressing the performance of the structure is linear, they are accurate in providing the final answer. But when the limit function is nonlinear, due to inherent problems in this method, they are unable to accurately estimate the safety level of the structure. For such problems, it is necessary to use accurate methods of estimating the probability of failure, such as simulation methods. The use of concepts in the first and second order methods of reliability along with the use of an optimization algorithm will reduce the volume of calculations, but this factor causes assumptions and simplifications, derivation of functions and estimating the sensitivity of failure probability is also a part of the structure design process. It can be proven that for many design problems with nonlinear boundary condition function, the answer provided by these methods will not satisfy the probabilistic constraints of the problem, or the answer provided is not the most economical design option. Also, many existing methods in this group are unable to provide answers for problems with low failure probability, especially when the variables of the problem have non-normal density functions. Therefore, the present study has investigated the performance of these methods in dealing with various structural problems, and the strengths and weaknesses of each method are discussed. Three different issues have been studied in this research with seven analytical and simulation method, to achieve this goal. The first problem is to verify the results. In this case, the failure probability of a reinforced concrete beam was calculated by the Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) and compared with the results obtained from the precise gradient method used in previous studies. The results of this problem showed a 0.5% error in the results, indicating the accuracy of the responses. The existence of very small differences between the results obtained from Monte Carlo and the results of previous researchers in estimating the integral of failure probability related to the discussed problems, indicates the high accuracy of the Monte Carlo method, and it is possible to use the results obtained from Monte Carlo as a suitable criterion in the analysis of these problems. used to compare the results. Also, analysis of two problems including three-span steel beam, two-degree-of-freedom seismic system using seven methods including MCS, SS, IS, LS, WSM, FORM and SORM were also put on the agenda. The results indicate that SS has high accuracy in solving nonlinear and complex problems. WSM has shown a significant decrease in the number of function calls. The LS method has a great performance in calculating the reliability of problems with a low failure probability. Therefore, in general, it can be stated that the first-order method (FORM) is the simplest safety estimation method (with low accuracy for non-linear functions) and simulation methods are the most accurate methods (with conceptual complexity or high calculations).

Japanese quail has a rapid growth rate (3 to 4 generations per year) and is relatively resistant to many diseases. Due to its high productivity, it has gained importance as an animal model in biological and genetic studies worldwide. Nutrition is a key factor that affects production efficiency in quails. Japanese quails require a diet that contains high-quality protein and a balanced profile of amino acids. Branched-chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) not only contribute to protein synthesis but also play a role in other metabolic activities. Among the branched-chain amino acids, valine is a limiting amino acid in corn-soy-based diets. Protein is the most expensive component of the diet and has a significant impact on production costs in poultry. Nowadays, reducing the protein level in the diet has garnered attention for cost reduction in farming and for mitigating environmental pollution resulting from ammonia emissions and nitrogen excretion in the poultry industry. However, reducing the protein level in the feed without proper supplementation of amino acids can lead to decreased feed intake, reduced production levels, and changes in social behavior in birds. Published reports indicate that adding crystalline amino acids to low-protein diets in meat birds can have similar performance to high-protein diets at different growth stages. In most cases, valine becomes limiting with reduced protein levels in the diet. Considering the important metabolic roles of branched-chain amino acids, especially valine, in rapidly growing birds, the aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of using diets containing different digestible valine levels on the performance, growth traits, and histology of the liver and magnum in Japanese quails during the growth period.

All experimental procedures for the care and use of animals in the present study were approved by the animal care committee of the University of Tehran. Thousand one-day-old quails were given 5 dietary treatments, such that each treatment was replicated 5 times and 40 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design, during 1–42 days of age. Experimental diets were formulated to meet nutrients recommendation of growing quails with different levels of dietary digestible valine concentration (0.75, 0.85, 0.95, 1.05 and 1.15 %) in diets with a low protein (17.7-17% protein). The experimental diets provided 2,9 kcal metabolizable energy per gram. Other nutrients were provided based on the recommended nutritional requirements for growing quails. Other nutrients were formulated based on the recommended nutritional requirements for growing quails. The experimental diets were adjusted for two age periods: 1-21 days and 22-42 days. The birds received 24 hours of light until three days of age, followed by 23 hours of light and one hour of darkness daily. The parameters investigated in this experiment included growth performance, feed consumption, conversion ratio and carcass performance. The bird weights were measured at the beginning of the experiment and on days 21 and 42. Feed consumption on days 21 and 42 was calculated based on the difference between the amount of feed provided and the remaining feed. The weight of dead birds was used to correct the amount of feed consumption. On day 42, one male quail and one female quail were randomly selected from each replicate and killed after 6 hours of starvation. Additionally, after sampling the liver and magnum tissues, their histomorphological characteristics (nuclear diameter of hepatocytes, diameter of sinusoids in the liver tissue; epithelial height, inner muscle thickness, outer muscle thickness, gland diameter, and gland depth in the magnum tissue) were investigated.

During the breeding period, the quails that received the diet containing 0.95% and 1.05% digestible valine had higher body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR), respectively. Feed intake (FI) and mortality were not affected by the treatments. Dietary treatments did not have any significant effect on the carcass characteristics (both male and female). However, the carcass yield was higher in male quails and the relative weight of breast and intestines was higher in female quails. In the treatments containing 1.05% and 1.15% of valine, the diameter of Liver cell nucleus and the diameter of liver hepatocytes were the highest, which indicates liver damage. The volume of sinusoids in female birds increased with increasing valine levels in the diet; So that in birds that received diets containing levels higher than 0.95% valine was more than birds fed with rations containing 0.75% valine. Based on the results of this study, different levels of valine in diets containing 17% crude protein had a significant effect on the histology of the magnum tissue (epithelial height, inner muscle thickness, outer muscle thickness, gland diameter), although only the depth of the glands showed a tendency for significance with 0.85% valine.

Based on the results, increasing the level of digestible valine in low protein diets up to 0.95% improves growth performance and feed conversion ratio in growing quails. However, it seems that the use of high levels of digestible valine in low protein diets (more than 0.85%) may lead to tissue damage in the liver and have a negative effect on growth performance. Further studies are recommended in this field.

Road crashes and their consequences are one of the most important problems that affect people's lives. In order to reduce the fatalities and related cost of crashes, traffic safety researchers are continuously investigating approaches to reduce the occurrence and consequences of crashes. Crash type modeling is one of the most common tools for road safety goals in transportation facilities, and the purpose of crash type modeling is to establish a relationship between the frequency of crashes based on its type and other effective variables. One of the advantages of crash type models is that with the help of these models, it is possible to identify the places where there is a possibility of a certain type of crashes and to examine the effect of different variables on different types of crashes. In this research, using the data of freeway accidents in Iran, the type of crash was identified with a new approach called nested logit model. To this aim, crashes were initially divided into two categories of single-vehicle and multi-vehicle crashes, and then single-vehicle crashes were divided into three categories of collision with a fixed object, off-road crashes, and overturning crashes, and multi-vehicle accidents were divided into two categories of collision with a vehicle and multi-vehicle collision crashes. Then the effect of different variables of environment, road, driver, and causes of crashes with different types of crashes were investigated and the effect of significant variables on each type of crash was explored with marginal effect.

Environmental crime, which includes any harmful verb to the environment and today is interpreted as « green criminology, and the framework of theoretical discussions related to it is always the subject of discussion domestic Science and International Documents. In this article, with a descriptive-analytical look at the legislative background of these crimes, the legal foundations of green crime and, more importantly, the، The challenges of tackling green crime are explored in accordance with existing laws and in the discourse of criminal policy in the field of criminal policy, it is concluded that Iran’s criminal laws regarding the treatment and dealing with this branch of crime، It requires the establishment of strategic laws and the determination of policies and policies appropriate to pathological implementation with differential policy making due to the complex and multi-dimensional nature of this category of crimes؛ Differential proceedings, on the one hand, and humiliation of the principle of public participation, on the other hand, ensure the achievement of the situation of proportionate understanding in dealing with this phenomenon.

Today, virtual activities have become one of the main aspects in daily life, and one of the important issues related to this activity, especially for students, is Internet addiction This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between Internet attitude and Internet addiction through the mediation of the satisfaction of basic psychological needs of students of the first secondary school in Sabzevar city. The present research method was descriptive-correlation. For this purpose, a sample of 374 people was selected from among all the students of the first year of high school in Sabzevar city, referring to the Morgan table and the available random sampling method. To collect information, the Internet Attitude Questionnaire of Haqat et al. (2017), the Internet Addiction Questionnaire of Young (1998) and the Basic Psychological Needs Questionnaire of Guardia et al. (2000), all of which had adequate validity and reliability, were used. The data were analyzed based on Pearson's correlation test and regression. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between Internet attitude and basic needs with Internet addiction, and the correlation coefficient between them was equal to (0.48) and (0.75), respectively. Also, the results of the Sobel test regarding the role of fundamental mediators in the relationship between Internet attitude and Internet addiction were positive and significant. The results of the current research in reducing and adjusting the use of the Internet should be given to the authorities so that they can do better with the regulation and programs in this regard.

The study is to design a conceptual model of professional development for managers in Iranian sports organizations. The research method was a qualitative type with a systematic heuristic approach. The statistical population consisted of two sections of human resources (managers, professors, educators, etc.) and information resources (books, articles, documents, media, etc.). The sampling was done in a sufficient number and with a judgmental method based on theoretical saturation (20 pepole and 57 file). The research tools included systematic library study and structured exploratory interviews. The validity of the instrument was evaluated and validated based on exemplary legal and scientific validity, expert opinion, and agreement between the examiners. To analyze the data, multi-stage conceptual coding with system analysis approach was used. The conceptual framework of the research consisted of 74 components, 16 dimensions and 6 levels. The levels of Model respectively influence on-from sequence of their variables including: Requirements of professionalism in sports management (2 dimensions), efficiency of sports managers training system (3 dimensions), professional development strategies (3 dimensions), professional capacity building system development (3 dimensions), professional development of sports managers (3 dimensions) and professional development functions of managers (2 dimensions). Based on the findings, it can be said that the professional development of sports managers is a systematic and strategic process that is influenced by external and internal requirements and leads to goal functions through efficiency and capacity building. Therefore, it is suggested to use the framework presented in this study to improve the process in Iranian sports organizations.

The main objective of this research was to fabricate a flexible Multi-component Nanocomposite (MN) cover with high efficiency to absorb Electro-Magnetic Waves (EMW). For this purpose, nine MNs containing Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs), core-shell structure of Polyaniline-Fe3O4 (PANI), and Nickel Nanowires (NiNW) were prepared with different weight percentages of 2, 4, and 6 with the thickness of 2 mm within the waterborne polyacrylic. Then, their structural characteristics were investigated through Field-Emission Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM). The protection value of the covers against EMW were measured using a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) machine at the frequency range of 8-12 GHz. The results revealed that followed by an increase in the concentration of the fillers, they formed a dense and conductive network within the matrix, thus leading to more interaction by EMW and eventually more absorption. The simultaneous presence of all three of EMW absorbtion enhancers including CNTs, PANI, and NiNW offered a more effective shielding than that in both single and double components by improving the matrix electrical and magnetic conductivity. Finally, the evaluations proved that the nanocomposite containing the mentioned three fillers with the wight percentage of 6 wt % and effective shielding of 22 dB exhibited the most ideal performance between other nanocomposites over the X-frequency range.

This study examined the association between self-efficacy and job performance with the mediating role of organizational trust of physical education teachers in Torbat. The current study was a descriptive-correlation study and a survey method was used to conduct it. All teachers considered as an example of the questionnaire was used to collect data, N=85, respectively, career self-efficacy questionnaire (Riggs and Knight) (1994), organizational trust Inventory express Clark and Peine (2008) and job performance questionnaire. Patterson (2002) called. The data were analyzed in the form of descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation and frequency table) and inferential statistics (correlation coefficient and regression) using SPSS software at an error level of 0.05. The findings showed that self-efficacy, organizational trust and job performance physical education teachers were in good condition job performance regression coefficient 0.21, 0.38 self-employment and organizational trust and organizational trust and job performance regression coefficient r= 0.42 with both positive and significant relationship. The conceptual model is confirmed the trust model between self-efficacy and job performance of an organization can act as a mediator to facilitate this connection.

The possibility of using criminal tools in legal affairs is a matter of dispute between jurists. If a person is accused of committing a crime, the possibility of his arrest has been accepted in some cases, but the use of such punitive measures in legal matters requires the examination of its authorization or prohibition from a jurisprudential and legal perspective. The conflict of rights between creditors and debtors has led to disagreements in this regard. Considering that the principle in initial treatment of individuals is that their actions are based on integrity and innocence, it seems that if the debtor claims insolvency, it will not be possible to detain him until the truth or falsity of his claim is proven. Imami and Sunni jurists have also examined this matter- an examination of the evidence of their rulings will also demonstrate that it is not possible to order the arrest of a debtor claiming insolvency. In this article, the correct ruling in this case will be determined through the epistemology of this important point of view from perspectives of the jurists of both sects and judging the proposed opinions. Noting the correct theory in jurisprudence, we will provide a detail interpretation of the relevant laws applicable to the debtor claiming insolvency.

One of the important issues in Islamic jurisprudence as well as in political issues is the discussion of "preserving the Islamic system". The importance of this issue is that many political behaviors and decisions are based on it. Numerous reasons have been presented regarding the necessity of maintaining order, the most important of which are numerous narrations that have been narrated from the infallibles (peace be upon them) and have also been cited by jurists. In this article, we will review and review these citations and answer the question whether the citations to the hadiths about the need to preserve the Islamic system have been made correctly?

The present study uses a descriptive-analytical research method to critique the narrations in terms of citation and reasoning.

Regarding the necessity of preserving the Islamic system, several hadiths have been cited to prove the necessity of preserving the Islamic system, some of which lack the necessary argument and logic to prove the said ruling.

In this study, these hadiths have been identified and criticized, and other authentic hadiths have been counted and examined, and more logical arguments and arguments have been presented to strengthen the related hadiths, and this proves that maintaining the Islamic system is obligatory. And its realization can have valuable fruits such as acceptance and political stability for the Islamic government in the world of politics.

Today, the issue of education in the world has become an important issue for sustainable development In the meantime; experts consider the main axis of this development to be the continuous participation of organizations and institutions with education. The purpose of this study was to identify the pattern of participation of organizations and institutions with the country's education system. The present study was a developmental research in terms of purpose and a qualitative research in terms of research design. In this study, the Meta-synthesis method was used to integrate the studies and create comprehensive and interpretive findings. In this study, Persian and Latin articles and books related to the field of education, especially participation in education, were selected and reviewed between 2000 and 2020. After summarizing and reviewing 29 articles, they were analyzed. Finally, the results of the analysis, after examining the primary and secondary categories, identified 10 general methods of participation in education Including: Participation in technology development, Participation in research and development, Participation in human resources, Participation in relation to the environment, Participation in evaluation, Participation in implementation, Participation in planning, Participation in Accountability, Financial partnership, Information participation.Therefore, according to the dimensions identified in the present study, it is necessary for managers and officials in each organization to identify how they participate in education and thus play their part in this organization.

One of the important issues in Islamic jurisprudence as well as in political issues is the discussion of "preserving the Islamic system". The importance of this issue is that many political behaviors and decisions are based on it. There are several reasons for the need to maintain order, the most important of which are numerous narrations that have been narrated from the infallibles (peace be upon them) which have also been cited by jurists. In this article, we will review and review these citations, whether the citations to the hadiths about the need to preserve the Islamic system have been made correctly?

The present study uses the library collection method and descriptive-analytical research method to critique the narratives in terms of citation and reasoning.

Regarding the necessity of preserving the Islamic system, several hadiths have been cited to prove the necessity of preserving the Islamic system, some of which lack the necessary argument and logic to prove the said ruling.

In this study, these hadiths have been identified and criticized, and other authentic hadiths have been counted and examined, and more logical arguments and arguments have been presented to strengthen the related hadiths, and this proves that the Islamic government was obligatory. And its realization can have valuable fruits in the world of politics, including acceptance and political stability for the Islamic government.

In recent years, the widespread growth of GHz electronic systems and communication devices and also the widespread use of equipment such as radars, mobile communication systems, GPS and home appliances have increased the electromagnetic waves interferences and magnetic contamination. The shielding of these waves is necessary in various applications to reduce the electromagnetic waves contamination. This contamination causes malfunction of electronic and telecommunication devices and also damages biological structures and living species. Widespread applications of electromagnetic waves shielding in the military industry can be referred to detection technology that camouflage and eliminate the target by removing the reflection signal from the target to the radar. These types of materials are called radar absorbing materials (RAM) which are used in various ways such as color coating. As a result, the purpose of the electromagnetic shielding materials is to produce a composite or coating that is used in camouflaging military industries, protecting living tissues from electromagnetic waves, and protecting electronic and telecommunication devices from disturbing waves. Nanocomposites containing conducting polymers have suitable properties for operation in this field. In this paper, the mechanism and function of EMI shielding materials made of polymer nanocomposite coatings are investigated.

The fundamental and sustainable transformation in any society depends on the evolution of the education system of that society and the main axis of the evolution and development of the education system is to improve the quality of teacher work and recognize their characteristics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Ohio University Teachers' Assessment Standards Questionnaire and to assess the status of teachers in these standards.

The present study is among the quantitative researches in terms of data collection method and is among the descriptive and psychometric studies in terms of analysis method. The statistical population of the study included all teachers in Rashtkhar (450 people) who selected 200 people as a sample by simple random sampling and participated in the study. Data were collected in this study using the Ohio University Assessment Standards Questionnaire (2000) with a reliability coefficient of 0.87. In order to analyze the data, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson correlation and total question-score correlation and reliability analysis using SPSSV22 software were used.

The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the eight-factor structure, which explains 69.998% of teacher evaluation standards. Among the identified factors, the teacher's deep understanding of the teaching content with 9.82% and the design of long-term and daily programs with 9.598% had the highest factor load. The results of one-sample t-test also showed that the teachers surveyed in the research are in good condition in terms of all evaluation standards.

Finally, considering the desired validity and reliability coefficients, ease of implementation, grading and interpretation, as well as a short time to answer, it can be said that the questionnaire of evaluation standards of teachers qualified to be used in research. Psychology is to measure the extent of these standards.

The aim of this study was to conduct a comparative evaluation of performance and forecast the Urmia city universities in university rankings based on data from the WOS database.

The present study is an applied research based on the research goals and a comparative study in terms of research method. The statistical population consisted of all documents (from 1980 to 11/08/2021) indexed in the WOS database and attributed to "Iran". The criterion for analyzing the outputs was the proposed indicators of Incites.

The results showed that 627972 documents have been indexed in the WOS citation database by scientific organizations affiliated to Iran. Urmia University (with 7442 Documents) has the highest number of documents indexed in the WOS. Urmia University of Technology with regards to the indicators of "citation impact", "% Docs Cited", " % Documents in Top 1% ", " % Documents in Top 10% ", " % Documents in Q1 Journals", and " % International Collaborations" shows the best performance. Urmia University of Medical Sciences shows the best performance in " % Industry Collaborations" and " % Domestic Collaborations" indicators. While the Urmia University shows the best performance in the "% Organization only Collaborations" and “% Corresponding Author (2008-2021)" indicators.

The quality of research conducted in Urmia city universities is not appropriate. Their performance was relatively poor in the international, national, and industrial interactions. It seems that the universities need a good strategy in publishing research findings. Considering all these factors, it can be predicted that their ranking in Iran and worldwide would be weak.

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of academic enthusiasm–based educational program on self-defeating academic behaviors of Ivan’s high school students.

The present research is methodologically one of the quasi-experimental designs of pre-test, post-test and follow-up with the control group. The statistical population of the research includes all high school students in Ivan city who were studying in the 2019-20 academic year. From this population, 30 students were selected using the random sampling method and randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups. Each group contains 15 people. The experimental group was trained in 10 sessions of 90 minutes based on academic enthusiasm. Members of both groups completed the Cunningham self-defeating behavior questionnaire in all three stages of pre-test, post-test and follow–up. Data were analyzed by mixed variance analysis.

The findings showed that the mean scores of academic self-defeating behaviors variable in the experimental group were significantly reduced compared with the control group in the post-test and follow-up stages.

Therefore, academic enthusiasm–based educational program has been effective in reducing self-defeating academic behaviors of the students.

Electronic prescription systems can improve patient safety and the quality of health care services. These systems must provide the capabilities required to reduce medical errors and enhance the performance of health care providers. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the capabilities of the e-prescription system from the perspective of physicians in the polyclinics of the Social Security Organization (SSO) of Urmia.

The present study is a descriptive cross-sectional study that was conducted in 2020. The study population consisted of 82 physicians working in 3 polyclinics of the SSO in Urmia, which was determined by census. The instrument used in this study is a self-designed questionnaire that the validity of it was determined based on the opinions of experts and its reliability was evaluated by Cronbachchr(chr('39')39chr('39'))s alpha coefficient. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software.

The results showed that in the section of documentation and access to information, the highest score was related to the possibility of drug prescribe (4.58), request for examination and radiology (4.44). In terms of decision support capabilities, the highest score for providing alerts related to drug interactions (4.18) and controlling the amount of medication prescribed for chronic patients (3.83) and also in the field of technical capabilities, the highest score related to easy to use (3.87) and fit of user interface (3.66).

The e-prescription system under survey has gained fewer score in some capabilities, such as access to pharmaceutical information based on reliable sources, advice to treatment options based on original diagnosis and the customized system. Therefore the system developer should be improved capabilities of it through communicating properly with users and understanding their real needs.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the correlation of spiritual well-being and authentic leadership with academic optimism, among elementary school teachers. A sample of 225 teachers from the elementary school teachers in Robat Karim district were selected, using single-stage cluster random sampling. Research data was collected by means of three questionnaires: Ellison and paloutzian spiritual wellbeing questionnaire (1982), comprising Existential well-being and religious well-being with 93% of reliability; Walumbwa and et al. questionnaire of authentic leadership (2008), comprising Relational in transparenc, Internalized moral reasaning, Balanced processing, and self-awareness, with 89% reliability; and Beared et al. questionnaire of elementary school teachers’ academic optimism (2010), comprising teacher self-efficiency, trust in students and parents, and academic emphasis, with 78% reliability. Received data was then analyzed by means of single-sample T test and multiple regression. Findings indicate that spiritual well-being can explain 21% of variance in academic optimism. Moreover, authentic leadership factors account for 11% of variance in academic optimism. Consequently, spiritual well-being and authentic leadership can have a positive impact on teachers’ academic optimism and therefore on the quality of learning process.

The aim of this study was to analyze the mediating role of psychological capital in the relationship between genuine leadership and organizational health among the staff of Allameh Tabatabai University in Tehran. The research method was descriptive-survey and the statistical population of the study was all the staff of Allameh Tabatabai University of Tehran. The statistical sample of the research is simple random sampling using Cochran's formula at an error level of 0.5 equal to 186 people. Three types of questionnaires were used to collect data: Alio (2006) Authentic Leadership, Lutans, Oliu and Yousef (2007) Psychological Capital, and Hui and Feldman Organizational Health. Path analysis was used to analyze the data. Findings showed that genuine leadership has a direct impact on organizational health of employees. Also, genuine leadership has indirectly and through psychological capital has affected the organizational health of employees, meaning that psychological capital as a mediating variable has played a role in creating the relationship between genuine leadership and organizational health. It is concluded that university administrators can provide the basis for creating a healthy and safe environment by using the components of genuine leadership style that lead to an increase in psychological capital in employees.

The Management dashboard is a vital tool for hospital managers that can provide understandable information to users and help organize and categorize the increasing amount of data. Dashboard information provides technical assistance and knowledge management for improvement to decision-makers and clinical specialists. Also, the application of management dashboards optimizes resource management and conveys continuous monitoring of the performance of various hospital wards. The aim of this study was to evaluate of usability pattern of hospital information system management dashboard from the viewpoint of users in hospitals affiliated to Urmia University of Medical Sciences using the ISO 10.0 9241 standard questionnaire.

This descriptive-cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 using the opinions of internal managers and information technology specialists of hospitals affiliated to Urmia University of Medical Sciences. In order to study the usability pattern of management dashboards the ISO 10/9241 standard questionnaire was utilized. This questionnaire has 74 specific questions in 7 axes (suitable for performing tasks, self-descriptive, controllability, adapting to user needs, error tolerance, suitable for privatization, suitable for training). The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by IT and medical informatics experts and its reliability was calculated as 85% based on Cronbach's alpha test. Data were collected by users by referring the researcher directly to the centers and completing the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics by SPSS software version 16.

Analysis of the findings showed that the mean (from a score of 1-7) axes suitable for performing tasks, self-descriptive, controllability, adaptation to user needs, error tolerance , suitable for privatization, suitable for training and the usability pattern of management dashboard were 23/4, 4/08, 4/23, 4/02, 4/14, 3.44 (lowest score), 4.37 (highest score), and 4.12, respectively. There was no significant relationship between users' underlying factors including gender, age, level of education, organizational post, work experience and usage of the management dashboard with ISO 10/9241 standard axes and the usability pattern of management dashboards. Also, axes suitable for performing Tasks, self-descriptive, error tolerance, and controllability have had the greatest impact on the usability pattern of management dashboards.

The results showed that the usability of the hospital information systems management dashboard based on the seven standard ISO 9241/10 axes was relatively favorable. According to the obtained results, the developers of the management dashboard should reconsider the design and implementation of the management dashboard and increase its compatibility with ISO 10/9241 standard axes, especially its suitability for the privatization axis.

The purpose of this study was to examine the attitude, environmental knowledge and sustainability components of the university. The present research is applied in the field of applied research and in the method of data collection in descriptive-survey research. The statistical population of this study includes all students of Faculty of Management of Farabi College of Tehran University, among them 200 persons by sample method Randomly selected. To collect the data, three questionnaires, a Researcher-made questionnaire from the University of Persia Maleki (1393) with a reliability of 0.89, and environmental science questionnaire Hey et al. (2011) with a reliability of 0.87 and a non-scale with a reliability coefficient of 85 / 0 was used. Data analysis was done on two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics. The inferential part of Friedman test, correlation, T-test was used. The results of the analysis showed that the students in the environmental aspect 3) are in a relatively favorable situation, and also in the environmental knowledge aspect, with an average (4.9), were in a favorable situation. In addition, the result of prioritizing knowledge and environmental attitudes is significant and, finally, the result of correlation study showed that , The relationship between the dimensions of sustainable university and knowledge and attitude toward the environment is positive and significant and among the factors of sustainable university Sustainable education and research had the highest correlation with environmental attitudes. Among these dimensions, the highest correlation was found with environmental management knowledge and sustainable services.

This study aims to investigate the complications and outcomes of premature neonates with very low birth weight in Shahid Motahari Hospital of Urmia in 2017. In this longitudinal descriptive study, all the premature infants with less than 37 weeks of gestation and birth weight less than 1500 grams that were born in Shahid Motahari Hospital of Urmia during the second six months of the year 2017 and were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of this center were included in the study. Information regarding the complications of the prematurity and low birth weight were recorded on the checklist. All the data were analyzed by SPSS version 21. Of the 97 infants, 52 (53.6%) were male and 45 (46.3%) were female. The mean birth weight was 1392.06±137.7 gr. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was the most common disorder among neonates and it was observed in 70 premature infants (72.1%). Of the 82 neonates born with cesarean section, 55 neonates (67.1%) were discharged from the hospital and 27 neonates (32.9%) died. It can be concluded that the rate of neonatal recovery and discharge in the study population is comparable to that in most developing countries. In other words, increasing the healing rate, especially in newborns weighing less than 1500 grams, improving the quality of perinatal cares, reducing preterm labor and the rate of the births with low birth weight, leveling the perinatal services and personnel training to restore standards in the delivery room, the early use of the NCPAP, improving the parenteral nutrition status, and the transmission process of infants, and standardizing the care protocols of these newborns will decrease mortality and morbidity without long-term complications in this group of infants in the future.